Zviratidzo zveEgypt zviripo mukufungidzira kwakabatana kwevanhu, kunyange pakati pevasiri nyanzvi. Kubva patakanga tiri vana, isu tose takavaona munyaya dzevana, uye kana tasvika pakukura, kune avo vanova vanofadzwa netsika iyi yemashiripiti zvokuti vanosarudza kuzvipira basa ravo kwairi: Egyptologists inyanzvi dzakatsaurirwa kudzidza tsika dzeEgipita, zvakakura sezvazvisinganzwisisiki.
Ese marudzi efungidziro anotenderedza mapiramidhi eEjipita uye nemeseji yakavharidzirwa mune yavo hieroglyphics. Pachiitiko ichi tichatarisa pakudzidza zviratidzo zveEjipita, zvazvinoreva uye nhoroondo yengano yazviri. Zviratidzo zveIjipita zvakashandiswa panguva dzakasiyana dzebudiriro yeEgipita kumiririra pfungwa dzakawanda uye pfungwa dzengano dzavo.. Vazhinji vaiva neukama nevamwe vamwari veEgipita uye vaishandiswa kumiririra vamwari muzvinyorwa zvavo, kushongedza temberi, se mazango uye semutauro mune yake hieroglyphs.
Zviratidzo zveEgipita muEgypt yekare
Ijipita yekare yaive tsika yechitendero zvakanyanya yaitenderera ngano pamusoro pavamwari, kazhinji vanomirirwa kupfurikidza nezviratidzo. Izvi zvaizoshandiswa zvakare sechimiro chemutauro mu hieroglyphs uye yaizomiririra pfungwa dzisinganzwisisiki uye pfungwa. Vaigara vachishongedza makuva vehumambo uye vaishanda se mazango muupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye mumitambo yetsika.
Pazasi isu tichatsanangura zvakanyanya anomiririra zviratidzo zveEgipita, zvazvinoreva uye ngano dziri shure kwavo.
ansed muchinjikwa kana Ankh
Muchinjikwa chiratidzo cheEgipita chinoshandiswa mu hieroglyphs uye ine muchinjikwa nechikamu chepamusoro muchimiro cheovhari, loop, mubato kana loop. MuchiLatin zvinoreva “kiyi youpenyu husingaperi” o "Muchinjikwa weEgipita". Icho chiratidzo chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muiyo iconography yetsika iyi - inozivikanwawo se Ankh- rinoreva “upenyu” uye rinofananidzira upenyu husingaperi.
Ndiyo imwe yehieroglyphs inowanzoitika kakawanda muzvinyorwa zveEgypt zvinyorwa maererano nevamwari, sezvo vaIjipita vaitenda kuti vane simba uye kutonga pamusoro pehupenyu husingaperi. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani chiratidzo chayo, zvinokurudzirwa kuongorora iyo chitendero cheEgipita uye pesvedzero yaro munzanga.
Ziso rehorosi
Ziso rehorus kana Udyat zvinoreva "uyo akakwana" uye chiratidzo cheEgypt chezuva chinomiririra kurongeka, kusakanganiswa kana mamiriro akakwana. Imhaka yazvo inofananidzira hutano hwakanaka nedziviriro.
Chiratidzo chinobva kuna mwari anonzi Horus, uyo ari mwari wedenga uye anomiririrwa muchimiro cherukoni kana kuti murume ane musoro werukoni. Mukuwirirana nengano dzeEgipita, baba vaHorus, Osiris, vakaurawa nomukoma wake Seti. Iyi nyaya yengano inobatanidza zviratidzo zveEgipita ne Chivezwa cheEgipita zvinovamiririra.
Beetle
Bete raive a mhuka inoyera nokuda kwavaIjipiti, nokuti yakanga iri hama yavo dios khepri, akazvisika kakawanda.
Akaberekwazve mangwanani mamwe namamwe nenzira imwe cheteyo iyo zuva rinooneka pamambakwedza ari ose mudenderedzwa risingadzoreki ramaawa 24. Ndicho chikonzero nei muEgypt yekare zvaitendwa kuti mwari uyu ndiye mutoro wekubuda kwezuva zuva nezuva. Kukosha kwebete kunoratidza zviratidzo zvekudzivirira mutsika dzechiEgipita.
Pilar Dyed
El pillar djed Icho chimwe chekare uye chakanyanya kudhindwa zviratidzo zveEgypt mythology, uye inomiririra simba uye kugadzikana. Yakabatanidzwa kuna mwari Ptah -musiki mwari- uye kuna Osiris, mwari werufu.
El pillar djed Ndicho akaturikidzana column iyo inoratidzika kunge inofananidzwa neiyo musana ungave, ungave unosanganisira kurongeka uye kugadzikana, asi hainyatso kuziva kuti inomiririra chii. Ukama nekugadzikana hunogona kuonekwa mu Kudhirowa kweEgipita iyo inoratidzawo pfungwa iyi.
Tyet
Ichi chiratidzo chinozivikanwa zvakare se is knot o ropa reisis, mwarikadzi waanobatanidzwa naye.
Icho chiratidzo cheasingazivikanwi mavambo anotakura imwe geometric yakafanana nemuchinjikwa we Ankh uye revo yaro inoyeuchidzawo nezveiri, sezvo richiwanzoshandurwa kuti "upenyu" o "Welfare". Kurehwa kwehupenyu muzviratidzo zveEgipita kunotikoka kuti tifungisise pamusoro pe Kunyora kweEgipita nebasa rayo pakupakurirana pfungwa idzi.
Ma'at's Feather
La ma'at feather waiva munhenga wemhou waimiririra kururamisira nechokwadi. Kazhinji pfungwa iyi yakabatanidzwa muchimiro chemwarikadzi (mwanasikana waRa) aipfeka minhenga pamusoro wake.
Maererano nengano dzevaIjipiti, kuti anzwisise chokwadi vanhu vachipopotedzana, mwari aizviisa papani yokuruboshwe yechikero, uye kurudyi kwaizoiswa chikero. ma'at feather, munhenga wemhou waiva nemabasa akaipa aiitwa muupenyu hwose.
Uyu mwero wakazivisa uchokwadi hwemamiriro acho ezvinhu, uchiva ufakazi husingarambiki hwezvokwadi. Zvakafanana ne ma'at feather akatendeuka chiratidzo chechokwadi cheRuramisiro muEgipita. Ruramisiro idingindira rinodzokororwa ratinogonawo kuona mariri zviratidzo zvedzimwe tsika.
Ka uye Ba
Ka naBa vaimiririra zvikamu zvemweya wemunhu maererano nengano dzeEgipita. KuvaIjipita, munhu aive akaumbwa nezvinhu zvinobatika uye zvisingabatike izvo zvakaoma kuwiriranisa nezvinhu zvemweya zvinozivikanwa nhasi, saka hatigone kupa zita chairo kuzvikamu izvi.
Zvatinoziva zvinoreva kukosha kwayo uye kuti ka naBa vanotsanangura zvikamu zviviri zvemweya wemunhu: ka ingangove iyo hunhu hwemweya, yakazvimirira pamuviri, iyo inopiwa pakuzvarwa uye inofanira kuramba iri mukati memuviri kweupenyu hwose. Kunyangwe mushure mekufa kwemunhu, Ka akaramba ari mukati memuviri wake akamirira nguva yekukwanisa kusangana neBa zvakare uye nekudaro kuita rwendo rwekuenda kunyika yepasi. Chiratidzo cheKa chinoreva heka, mwari weEgipita ane hukama na magia. Iyi pfungwa yehunyambiri mumunhu inofanana nezvinotendwa mune dzimwe tsika, sezvakaongororwa mukati Tsika dzechiHindu.
El Ba iri zvakare pfungwa isinganzwisisike ine chekuita nehunhu hwakasiyana hwemunhu, chingave chinhu chakafanana nechavo hunhu, uye airangarirwa kuva anoramba ari mupenyu kunyange pashure porufu.
VaBa vakasiya muviri wemunhu mushure mekufa kuti vaende kunyika yepasi. Aigona kudzokera kuguva kuti asangane naKa zvakare kusvikira, mushure mekutongwa kwaOsiris, vaviri vacho vaigona kusangana zvakare kwehupenyu munzvimbo yepasi. Imhaka yekuti nzendo dzese idzi dzakasangana naBa mushure mekufa kuti akamiririrwa nemapapiro, angave muviri wakaita seshiri une musoro wemunhu.
Seba
MuEgipita yekare makanga mune fariro huru yoruzivo rwemitumbi yomudenga, naizvozvo vaEgipita vaiva nezivo yakanaka yenyeredzi namapoka enyeredzi. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo chiratidzo cheSeba chakaberekwa, icho chaishandiswa zvakanyanya mumifananidzo yeEgipita kumiririra nyeredzi. Seba naizvozvo chiratidzo chenyeredzi, chitendero, nguva, hupenyu hunotevera uye vamwari venyeredzi nemapoka enyeredzi.
Seba zvakare mucherechedzo unobatanidza pfungwa dze mavambo matsva, kufamba, kudzidza, nhungamiro uye chirango. Muchiitiko ichi, inogona kunge yakabatana neiyo uchiri hupenyu muEgypt art, iyo yaiwanzoratidza madingindira aya ekupfuura nekuvandudza.
shen-ring
Mhete yeShen ("kukomberedza") kana kuti shenu ine denderedzwa rine tambo yemutsara waimiririra loop yetambo yakakoshwa uye yaimiririra kudzivirira kusingaperi. Ichi chiratidzo chiripo chaizvo muEgypt hieroglyphics.
zvipikiri zvetsvimbo
El zvipikiri zvetsvimbo o aiva Inoumbwa netsvimbo yakatwasuka yakashongedzwa korona pamucheto wayo wepamusoro nemhuka inoshamisa uye kumucheto kwayo kwezasi kwakaumbwa seforogo. Zvinotendwa izvozvo chaimiririra simba, simba uye kutonga, uye yaiwanzoshandiswa navanafarao. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve vanaFarao veEgipita, ndinokukoka iwe kuti uongorore nhoroondo yayo.
Uraeus
El Uraeus inomiririra ye mwarikadzi wemhungu Wadjet kushandiswa kwe zvinofananidzira simba nechiremera chavanafarao. Chaiva chiratidzo chekudzivirira chaidiwa chevanafarao vakawanda, avo ndivo chete vaigona kuitakura sechimwe chinhu cheumambo.
Crook uye Flail
Mudonzvo uye flail pakutanga aive maviri anomiririra zviratidzo zve dios Osiris iyo yakazova chiratidzo cheumambo, chinofananidzira simba nechiremera chavanaFarao. Vashandi vanomiririra chinzvimbo uye flail the kubereka zvepanyika. Kubatana pakati pezviratidzo zvehumambo uye vamwari inyaya inodzokororwa mu Chivezwa cheEgipita uye kumiririra kwayo.
Ajet
El Ajet Ndicho Hieroglyph yeEgipita inomiririra kubuda kwezuva uye mujinga mezuva.
Ajet Inoratidzika ichimiririrwa muzvinyorwa zvehieroglyphics sezvikomo zviviri panobuda zuva nekunyura, ndokusaka ichirondedzerwa se “gomo rezuva richibuda” uye ideogram ye "horizon", iyo yaizoratidza nzvimbo yekuchinja yevamwari nevakafa.
MuEgypt yekare, mhuri yehumambo yakavigwa mumapiramidhi ayo antechamber yaisanganiswa ne Ajet: "Nzvimbo yekuve Ah», uko mambo akafa aizoshandurwa oberekwazve sezuva riri pamusoro pedenga.
Uyewo, Ajet rinoonekwa muzita repiramidhi huru yeGiza, Ajet Khufu. Uye inosanganisirwawo muzita remukurumbira pharaoh akhenate iye akavaka guta rine zita rake.
Muchivakwa cheEgypt yekare, the pylons nekumabvazuva-kumadokero kunoratidza hieroglyphic chiratidzo che Ajet, Muchadenga.
mapapiro ezuva disk
The winged sun disk Icho chiratidzo chekudzivirirwa kwakabatana nehumwari, humambo uye simba. Kunyangwe chiri chiratidzo chekare cheIjipita, akasiyana echiratidzo ichi akawanikwawo mutsika dzekare dzeSouth America.
Sistrum kana sistrum
El system Chaive chiridzwa chinoera kubva kuEgypt yekare chaishandiswa mukati mitambo yekutamba nemitambo kunamata vanamwarikadzi Hathor, Isis uye Bastet.
U-chimiro che sistrum chinoyeuchidza chiso nenyanga dzemhou yemwarikadzi. Hathor.
Isis Mune basa rake saamai uye musiki, aizomiririra mafashamo eRwizi rwaNire aine sistrum muruoko rwake. Ndicho chikonzero mune dzimwe tsika sistrum senzira yekunzvenga mafashamo erwizi urwu.
Mwarikadzi Bastet kazhinji inomiririrwa nea sistrum, iyo inofananidzira basa rake samwarikadzi wekutamba, mufaro uye kupemberera. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, kupembererwa kwemhemberero idzi kune hukama ne zviratidzo zvekudzivirira muEgypt yekare.
menat
El menat yakanga iri necklace yeEgipita ine chimiro chechimiro uye chinopikisa kuti chirambe chiri panzvimbo chaiyo. Iye menat inoratidzira iyo mwarikadzi weEgipita Hathor uye kufanana ne<em>sistrum, yakanga ine ukama hwapedyo namwarikadzi uyu.
Zviratidzo zveEgipita nhasi
Zvakawanda zvakasara zvenhaka yetsika dzechiIjipita nhasi. Kunyange zvazvo nhasi zviratidzo zveEgipita zvisingashandiswi nechirevo chekare, chakashanda se kurudziro munyika yeunyanzvi uye zvivakwa, vachishandisa zviratidzo zvavo sezvinhu zvekushongedza uye munyika yefashoni nokuda kwezvishongo uye mabhero anopindirana anotaridzika akafuridzirwa netsika iyi.
Eheka Ivo havazoshaikwi mumapati ezvipfeko, uye cinema inoramba ichiburitsa tsika dzayo dzemashiripiti mumafirimu akadai "The "Mummy" (1999) uye yakareba nezvimwewo, apo isu tichakwanisa kuona zviratidzo zveEgypt nenzira yakasiyana zvikuru mushure mokunge taverenga chinyorwa ichi, ikozvino tinoziva zvazvinoreva.
Tinovimba wakawana zvichibatsira uye kuti wakanakidzwa nerwendo urwu kuburikidza neEgypt yekare kuburikidza nezviratidzo zvayo.