Nyaya yeChina yekare haitaurirwe chete kuburikidza nemadzimambo ayo, hondo uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji: yakashongedzwa zvakare nesirika, yakadhayiwa nemavara ekufananidzira uye yakasonewa nemazana emakore etsika.. Zvipfeko zvemarudzi akasiyana-siyana echiChinese zvakanga zvakanyanya kudarika zvipfeko zvakapfava: kwaiva kuratidzwa kwemafungiro ehuzivi, chimiro chemagariro evanhu, zvekunamata, uye kuzivikanwa kwenyika. Kuti uongorore zvakadzama mutsika, unogona kuongorora zvakawanda nezve kudyidzana kwetsika pakati peEast and West.
Kubva pazvipfeko zvehumambo kusvika kumapfekero emhemberero dzedunhu, chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chakataura nyaya yakasarudzika nezvemunhu akaripfeka.. Munyika yakadzika midzi ine pesvedzero yakasimba yechiConfucius nechiTao, zvipfeko zvakanga zvisiri zvoumbozha asi madikanwa okufananidzira uye anomirira. Kwemazana emakore, fashoni yeChinese yakashanduka mukugadzira, zvigadzirwa, uye chinangwa, ichichinjika kune zvematongerwo enyika, tsika, uye aesthetic shanduko.
Mavambo uye nheyo dzechinyakare chiChinese zvipfeko
Mafashoni muChina yekare ane midzi inotangira makore anopfuura 3000.. Imwe yenguva refu-yakararama uye yakawanda inomiririra masitaera ndeye hanfu, yakatonzi ndeyeyero Emperor ane mukurumbira. Nguo iyi, yainyanya kushandiswa nevakuru, yakagadzirwa nesilika - chinhu chakawanikwa maererano nengano naLeizu, mudzimai weYellow Emperor - uye yaive nezvikamu zviviri: the yi (a knee-length wraparound tunic) and the chang (siketi kana bhurugwa rinosvika kumakumbo). Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvezvipfeko zvazvino, unogona kushanyira chinyorwa nezve zvipfeko zveChina.
Munguva yeShang Dynasty, dhayi dzakasimba senge girinhi kana toni dzekutanga dzaive dzatoshandiswa., kunyange zvazvo akaganhurirwa nounyanzvi hwenguva iyoyo. Mumazana emakore iwayo apakuvamba, zvipfeko zvakanga zviri zvose zviri zviviri kuratidzirwa kwokunaka uye kwomudzimu. Mukuwirirana nechiTao uye cheChina checosmology, mavara nezvimiro zvaiva nerevo dzakananga. Semuenzaniso, muQin Dynasty, dema rakava ruvara rwesimba nekuti raimiririra mvura mukati medzidziso yezvinhu zvishanu.
Kuwanikwa kune mamwe mavara uye zvishongedzo zvaive zvishoma zvichienderana nemagariro.. Nepo mambo aigona kupfeka ngowani dzakashongedzwa nejedhi, vakuru vakuru vaifanira kugadzira zvishongo zvebhuronzi. Uku kusiyanisa kwekuona kwaive kwakakosha pakuchengetedza hutongi hwehumambo hwehumambo hweChina.
Hanfu nekushanduka kwayo kuburikidza nemadynasties
Hanfu yanga isiri fashoni inopfuura chete: yaienderera mberi nekusiyana mukati memadzinza akawanda.. Nguva imwe neimwe yakaisa chimiro chayo muchipfeko ichi, iyo yakakwanisa kugadzirisa uye kutsungirira mazana emakore ekuchinja.
- Humambo hweHan (206 BC-220 AD): Pano, Hanfu yakasanganiswa sechiratidzo chenyika. Varume nevakadzi vaipfeka magadzirirwo akafanana, akasiyana neruvara uye zvinhu. Chimiro chemaoko akafara, zvipfeko zve-multi-layered crossover, uye mavara akasviba, kunyanya madema uye matsvuku, akave akakurumbira.
- Dynasty yeTang (618-907): Richionekwa sezera regoridhe, rakapa nzira kune fashoni ine mavara uye inoshinga. Vakadzi vaipfeka makora akavhurika airatidza kutsemuka, masiketi anoyerera ane mapeteni ejometri, uye makeup inorema, nepo varume vaipfeka majasi akamonereka nekorari nebhutsu dzedehwe. Kurudziro yetsika yeSirika Road yakaunza machira matsva nedhayi.
- Nziyo Yedzinza (960-1279): Mazhinji maitiro eTang akamutsiridzwa, achiagadzirisa nekudzikama. Nguo dzakaita se'beizi' (light cape) dzakaonekwa, uye mavara emhando senge matsvuku emadzimambo nevakuru vakuru. Kurukwa nemaruva akadai semapeoni nemaruva kwaiwanzoitwa.
- Dynasty yeYuan (1271-1368): NemaMongolia ane simba, zvipfeko zvakaita se'zhisunfu', zvakafanana neshenyi asi zvipfupi, zvakatorwa. Mavara akadai semachena, bhuruu, uye matsvuku ebrown aidiwa. Chimiro chakatanga kurerutsa mukuona.
- Ming Dynasty (1368-1644): Iyi nguva yakaratidza kudzokera kuHan kunatswa. Fesheni yevakadzi yakambundikira maoko akamanikana uye mabhurauzi ekuputira. Pleated siketi akawana mukurumbira uye chaiyo cape yerunako rwakakura iyo yaive yakasarudzika yenguva yakave yakakurumbira.
- Qing Dynasty (1644-1912): Kutongwa naManchus, kwakaunza kuputika kukuru. Mutemo we'tifayifu' wakaiswa, izvo zvakamanikidza Han Chinese kuchinja zvipfeko zvavo nebvudzi kuti vatore runako rweManchu. Iyo Hanfu yakarambidzwa zviri pamutemo, yakatsiviwa nezvipfeko zvakaita seQipao neChangshan. Varume vaisungirwa kuveura huma dzavo uye kupfeka bhidhi refu (yakakurumbira 'queue').
Anomiririra mhando: Qipao, Hanfu, Changshan uye nezvimwe
Pamusoro peHanfu, fashoni yechinyakare yeChinese ine mamwe matatu akakosha modhi: iyo Qipao, iyo Changshan uye Shenyi.. Imwe neimwe inoratidza yakatarwa nguva yenhoroondo uye yakakosha kushandiswa, kubva kumitambo kusvika kuhupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
- Qipao (inozivikanwawo seCheongsam): Yakabuda muQing Dynasty uye yaipfekwa nevakadzi vechiManchu. Rakanga riri jira refu, rakati twasu rine kora yakakwira uye mhata kumativi. Kwemazana emakore, kunyanya mushure me1920, yakagadziridzwa kumitemo yekuMadokero, ichiwedzera kuenderana, kupfupika, uye kushandisa zvinhu zvitsva zvakaita semvere dzemakwai, velvet, uye machira ekugadzira.
- Changshan: Chipfeko chechirume chine tirauzi nebhachi re'tangzhuang', rinopfekwa zvakanyanya pamichato, Goredzva, uye pamariro. Yakagamuchirwa mushure mekudonha kweQing Dynasty sechiratidzo chekuzivikanwa chave chichishandiswa zvakare nanhasi.
- Shenyi: Yakashandiswa pakati pezana remakore rechi14 ne17. Yakagadzirwa kubva ku ramie, chirimwa chekuAsia, yaizivikanwa nekuda kwesashi yayo uye nemaoko akafara. Yaifananidzira karenda kuburikidza nemapanera aitaura nezvemwaka nemwedzi zvegore. Zvakanga zvakajairwa nenguva yeMing.
- Pien-fu: Iyo yemhemberero yunifomu par kunaka munguva yeHan Dynasty, inosanganisira jira remabvi-kureba uye tirauzi retsoka, rinoperekedzwa neheti uye bhandi rekushongedza.
Mafashoni echinyakare mumadzinza madiki
China ine zviri pamutemo mapoka emarudzi 56 anozivikanwa, rimwe nerimwe riine mapfekero aro.. Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzokumaruwa, zvipfeko izvi zvichiri kupfekwa zuva nezuva, zvichiratidza tsika dzagara mazana emakore.
- Zvakaoma: Zvipfeko zvakafuridzirwa neSoutheast Asia. Vakadzi vanopfeka masiketi akareba akasimba nehembe dzakasungirirwa, varume vanopfeka mabhachi asina kora nematirauzi akanaka.
- Tibetans: Vanofanira kujairana nemamiriro ekunze akanyanyisa. Vanopfeka makushe emvere kana makushe anogona kusungirirwa nyore muchiuno. Vakadzi vanoshongedza bvudzi ravo nesirivha, coral uye turquoise jewelry.
- Uighurs: Kupesvedzerwa neIslam uye Sirika Road. Vakadzi vanopfeka marokwe ane sirika yakamendwa mumimvuri yered negoridhe, ukuwo varume vanopfeka macaftan nemabhachi akakora ('chapan') nengowani dzechinyakare 'doppa'.
- Zhuang: Zvipfeko zvinowanzoita rima bhuruu, nembatya dzakagadzirwa nemaoko uchishandisa kuruka uye embroidery matekiniki. Vakadzi vakapfeka mabhachi asina kora uye misoro, varume vakapfeka masutu akapfava uye machira.
Zvipfeko muBeijing Opera: Art paStage
Kupfuura kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, fashoni yeChinese yakasvika pakuratidzwa kwayo kwepamusoro mumapfekero eBeijing Opera.. Mhando yembatya iyi, inodaidzwa kuti 'xingtou' kana 'juzhuang', inosanganisa zvinhu kubva kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana kugadzira zvipfeko zvinokatyamadza, zvakarukwa nemaoko negoridhe, sirivheri neshinda dzine mavara mazhinji.
Ruvara rwese, dhizaini uye kushongedza zvine chinangwa chinoshamisa. Nguo yepython, semuenzaniso, inomiririra simba rehumambo. Chipfeko chepamutemo chevashandi vehurumende chinoratidza chinzvimbo chavo kuburikidza nekushongedza kwepamberi. Nhumbi dzehondo dzakashongedzwa (kao) dzevakuru vemauto dzinosimbisa simba ravo nechiremera pachikuva. Kunyangwe mavara madiki ane mapfekero chaiwo senge xuezi, hanzu inopfekwa zvinoenderana neruvara kuratidza hunhu uye mabasa munharaunda.
Mushure memakumi emakore ekudzvinyirirwa kwetsika, kunyanya panguva yeCultural Revolution muzana remakore rechi20, tsika yacho yakaderedzwa.. Zvisinei, kubvira ku2000s, kwave kune kuwedzera kwehutano hwemagariro evanhu hunotungamirirwa nevechidiki vari kutsvaga kubatanidza zvakare nekuzivikanwa kwavo kwekare.
Nhasi, mapuratifomu akaita seWeibo uye Douyin (Chinese TikTok) ane mabhiriyoni emaonero paHanfu.. Zviitiko zvakadai se "National Hanfu Day" uye zvirongwa zvehurumende zvinotsigira kusimudzirwa kwayo. Hazvishamisi kuona vechidiki mumaguta makuru vachifamba-famba muHanfu vachinwa bubble tii kana kuenda kuzviitiko zve cosplay mune idzi zvipfeko zvekare.
Rumutsiriro urwu haruna kugumira kuChina chete. Munzvimbo dzakaita seMalaysia, Korea, Spain, neFrance, Hanfu yanga iri musimboti wezviratidziro, makakatanwa, nemakakatanwa etsika. Zvigadzirwa zvakadai seDolce & Gabbana zvakatanga kuunganidza zvakafuridzirwa nazvo, uye vagadziri vemarudzi ose vakazvibatanidza. zvinhu zveChinese fashoni muzvisikwa zvavo.
Uyezve, Hanfu yanga iri nyaya yezvidzidzo zvedzidzo, kuenzanisa nezvipfeko zveEurope, uye zvinyorwa mumagazini epasi rose mafashoni. Zvose izvi zvinoratidza kuti kupfuura chipfeko, zvipfeko zvechinyakare ndizvo nhasi chiratidzo chipenyu chenhaka uye kudada kwenyika.
Shanduko yezvipfeko muChina yekare rwendo rwunopfuura fashoni kuti ibatane neyakadzama tsika, tsika, uye pfungwa dzebudiriro yekare. Kubva pazvipfeko zvakanatswa zvePeking Opera kune zvipfeko zvine mavara zvemadzinza madiki, kusanganisira iyo inofananidzira Hanfu uye yemazuva ano Qipao, zvipfeko zvese izvi zvakasiya chiratidzo chisingadzimiki. Kuvonga kumutsiridzwa kwetsika idzi, yekare yakadzokera mumafashoni, ichisimbisa kuti nhoroondo inogonawo kupfekedzwa.