Matatya ane mukurumbira amphibians munyika, kutaura zvazviri, mhuka idzi dzinoda kuziva dzinogona kuwanikwa chero kupi zvako panyika. Zvakadaro, kazhinji hapana ruzivo chairwo nezvekudya kunodyiwa nemhuka idzi. Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezve aya amphibians anoda kuziva uye tsvaga Chii chinodyiwa Matatya, usazeza kwechinguva kuenderera mberi nekuverenga ichi chinyorwa chikuru.
Matatya anodyei?
Matatya, sezvatakambotaura, imhando yeamphibians, kunyanya anuran amphibians, idzowo inhengo dzemhuri yeRanidae. Idzo mhuka dzinogona kuwanikwa chero kupi zvako munyika, zvisinei, dzinonyanya kuwanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeEurasia inodziya, kusvika kuIndochina. Zvakare, idzo mhuka dzinorarama nemhuka dzinowanzodya twupembenene hwakasiyana siyana; Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekudya kwako, usazeza kuenderera mberi nekuverenga chinyorwa ichi chose.
Matatya anogara kupi?
Matatya anonyatso kujaira kugara munzvimbo dzemvura uye dzepasi, kunyangwe achigara ari mumvura panguva yekubereka kwawo. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emhando dzedatya, iyo panguva imwechete yakakamurwa kuva mhuri 54 dzakasiyana, pakati payo tinogona kuwana mimwe mienzaniso ine chepfu, uye mienzaniso yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, hukuru uye maitiro akasiyana-siyana.
Imwe yehukuru hwayo humiro hwemuviri ndeye kuratidza ganda rakatetepa uye mune yakawanda yakawanda yezvienzaniso, yakatsetseka zvachose. Pamusoro pezvo, vanewo makumbo anochinjika uye akasimba avanogona kufamba nawo nyore nekusvetuka, uye vane maziso maviri makuru kana achienzaniswa nemuviri wavo mudiki. Sekuda kuziva, zvakakosha kuziva kuti matatya anofema neganda ravo.
Ikozvino, aya akanaka vertebrate amphibians anogona kuwanikwa chero kupi pasirese, kunze kwenzvimbo dzeArctic neAntarctic, pamwe nenzvimbo dzakasiyana mukondinendi yeAfrica, kunyanya nzvimbo dzerenje. Ruzhinji rwemhando dzematatya dzinofarira kugara munzvimbo dzine mwando pedyo nenzizi, machakwi, kana madziva, tisingarevi dzimwe nzvimbo dzine matsime emvura anogara aripo. Pamusoro peizvi, matatya anofarirawo kugara munzvimbo dzine zvinomera zvakawanda izvo anogona kuzvifukidzira nguva zhinji.
Tadpole anodyei?
Matatya asati azova vanhu vakuru, anopinda nechikamu chinonzi "tadpole stage." Mukati meichi nhanho yose, matatya haana akawanda ezvimiro zvawo zvikurusa zvomuviri, zvakadai semakumbo awo; uyezve, twudiki twudiki tune muswe uye hunofanira kunge huri mumvura chete.
Munguva iyi yehupenyu hwavo, tadpoles inonyanya kudyiwa nemhuka, nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, inongodya pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuwana mumvura. Nekudaro, ivo vanogona zvakare kudya pamarara kana mamwe marara, hongu, izvi zvichaitika chero bedzi ivo vari kuyangarara pedyo zvakanyanya nenharaunda yavo. Nekuda kwekudya uku, tadpoles inogona kupihwa dziva rine imwe sipinachi yakapwanyika kana lettuce.
Pasinei nekudya kwavo kwemishonga pakutanga kwehupenyu hwavo, nekufamba kwenguva uye kukura kwavo, matatya anotanga kutora kudya kwe omnivorous. Matatya maduku anoramba achidya miriwo, saka algae yavanogona kupinda mumvura inoramba iri chikamu chinokosha chekudya kwavo kwose; Pakudya uku tinofanirawo kuwedzera twupukanana senhunzi nemakonye edzimwe mhando dzemhuka. Zvino, kana uine matatya madiki kana mamwe tadpoles, unogona kuapa pasina dambudziko, mazero ehove akapwanyika kanawo gonye dzvuku.
Matatya Anonzi Omnivores?
Mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu ndihongu, sezvo kudyiswa kwematatya muzera revakuru kune omnivorous, ndiko kuti, vanogona kudya mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana, pamwe chete nemiti. Zvisinei, chokwadi ndechekuti matatya akura anodya zvirimwa nekukanganisa, sezvo zvichizivikanwa kuti matatya ari kuvhima mhuka nemasikirwo. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kutariswa ndechekuti kudya kwedatya rega rega kunoenderana zvachose nemhando yarinogara, uyezve nekusiyana kwemhando dzemhuka munzvimbo dzayo dzechisikigo.
Zvakare, zvisinei nekuti matatya imhuka dzinogara mumvura dzinonzi amphibians dzinoda kugara dzichisangana nemhoteredzo yemvura kuti dzirarame zvakanaka, mhuka zhinji dzaanodya padziri pasi rose. Tichifunga izvi, matatya anodya zvakanyanya pazvipembenene, zvipembenene zveHymeniotera, kureva, masvosve, nyuchi, nyuchi, nezvimwe; akasiyana lepidoptera semashavishavi kana zvipfukuto, dandemutande, uye zvakare diptera senge midges, nhunzi uye nhunzi.
Mhuka idzi dzinotaurwa dzinongoreva zvipembenene zvakasiyana zvadzinodya, nekuti matatya anowanzo kudya hove diki, makonye uye kunyange hozhwa. Kutaura zvazviri, matatya makuru anogona kudya kune mamwe matatya maduku, uye anogona kutovhima dzimwe shiri duku zvikuru.
Zvakanaka, zviri pachena kuti matatya haana mazino ekuvhima kana kupwanya mhuka yavo, izvi zvinomutsa mubvunzo wekuti vangabata sei uye vodya mhuka yavo? Zvakanaka, nzira inoshandiswa neamphibians iyi iri nyore: Vanomirira nemoyo murefu vakavharidzirwa muzvinomera zvakawanda zvenharaunda yavo, mushure mokunge mhuka yavo yaswedera pedyo navo, inosvetuka zvinoshamisa ndokuibata nemuromo.
Mushure mekuita kwese uku, vanofanirwa kumedza nyama yavo zvachose vasingatsenge, sezvo mhuka idzi dzisina chekuita; Kuti azvibatsire, matatya anotanga kumanikidza misoro yawo, zvose nechinangwa chokuti zvishoma nezvishoma mhuka inenge yabatwa, ichi ndicho chikonzero nei maziso awo achiita seanowedzera kukura pakudya.
Zvisinei, zvakare zvakakosha kufunga kuti kudya kwematatya kunoenderana zvachose nemhando yezvipenyu zvayo, sezvo, semuenzaniso, kune mamwe marudzi chaiwo ematatya anogona kurarama pasi pemvura chete. Zvino, ruzhinji rwematatya emumvura aya anowanzo dyisa dzimwe hove duku, mamwe makonye ezvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogara pasi pemvura, makonye emvura, uye kunyange, kakawanda, anogona kudya pasina dambudziko pamazai emamwe matatya.
Mukati memhando dzese dzemhando dzematatya emumvura aripo, mazhinji anonyanyo zivikanwa nekugara ari ekunze mhuka dzinovaraidza. Pakati peizvi tinogona kuwana datya remuAfrica, kana rinozivikanwa nezita resainzi rekuti Xenopus laevis, uye kazhinji kacho shanduro yealbino. Aya matatya akasiyana uye akanaka anobva mukondinendi yeAfrica uye anofarira kugara munzvimbo dzine madhaka pasi pemvura.
Zvino, kudya kunotakurwa nematatya ealbino aya kwakafanana nekwemamwe marudzi ematatya emumvura, ndiko kuti, kudya kwawo kunoumbwa ne: Hove duku zvikuru, makonye ezvipembenene, makonye, tumbuyu, mamwe algae, uye kunyange, pane dzimwe. nguva dzavanogona kudya pamvura molluscs.
Chii chinonzi aquarium matatya?
Sezvauri kuona muchinyorwa chino, sarudzo dzakaratidzwa dzinonyanya kune ese aya matatya anogara muzvisikwa. Zvese zvakataurwa kusvika zvino zvinopindura kune izvo zvinodyiwa nematatya edziva, zvakanaka, ipapo iwe unozogona kuverenga zvakadzama izvo matatya anogara muaquarium anodya.
Chekutanga, hapana chiremba wezvipfuyo kana nyanzvi yebiologist anokukurudzira kuti uve nedatya sechipfuyo, nekuti mhuka idzi dzinowanzo kunetsa kuchengeta, vape tarisiro chaiyo yavanoda uye uvape chikafu chakasiyana seyavanoda. anogona kuwana pasina matambudziko muzvarirwo. Mukuwedzera, tichiwedzera kune izvi, mazhinji emarudzi aya ematatya nhasi ari mungozi yakakomba yokutsakatika, naizvozvo hazvina kufanira chose kutora rimwe rematatya aya kunze kuti rive naro mumba mako; Tisingarevi kuti kuita uku kwaisazongove kwemutemo zvachose, asi kwaizokanganisa zvakanyanya ecosystem kwayaigara kare.
Tichifunga izvi, kana uchinge watova nedatya mumba mako, kudyisa kwedatya repamba kuchaenderana zvachose, sematatya ese, pamhando dzaari; zvisinei, pasinei neizvi, iwe uchada kunyanya kuipa iyo yakawanda yeprotein. Muzvizhinji zvezvitoro zvezvipfuyo unogona kuwana zviri nyore chikafu chehove, pamwe nehove diki dzakasiyana, makonye kana makonye. Chikafu chaunozopa datya rako chinofanira kunyangarika nekukurumidza kubva mumvura, kuitira kudzivirira kusvibisa mvura iri mutangi rayo.
Kana iri iyo frequency yekudyisa kwayo, ichaenderanawo zvachose nemhando dzayo uye zvakare nehukuru hwayo. Muedzo mukuru waunogona kuisa ndeyekusiya chikafu chakanaka uye kunyatso tarisa kuti datya rako rinokurumidza sei kugaya zvese, izvi zvinokupa fungidziro yakanaka yezviyero zvaunofanira kuridyisa.
Green Matatya anodyei?
Matatya akasvibira akajairika, kana anozivikanwawo pasi pezita rawo resainzi Pelophylax perezi, imhando yematatya anogara aripo anobva kunharaunda yekumaodzanyemba kweFrance uye zvakare muIberian Peninsula. Aya ndiwo angangove ndiwo matatya ane mukurumbira aripo, uye maitiro aanoonekwa nawo ndeekuti ane saizi inotangira pamasendimita masere kusvika gumi nerimwe, pamwe nekupawo ruvara rwegirinhi nemisanganiswa yakasiyana yevatema kana brown.
Zvokudya zvematatya aya hazvina kuchinja zvakanyanya zvichienzaniswa neaya ehuwandu hweanuran amphibians. Kunyanya, kudya uku kunobva pane algae iyo yavanogona kuwana mumvura uye pamarara kune tadpoles; kune rumwe rutivi, matatya akasvibira akura anogona kudya pasina dambudziko pazvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana, makonye, dzimwe hove duku, uye anogona kunyange kudya shiri duku zvikuru. Uye semamwe marudzi mazhinji ematatya, kudyiwa kwechero chirimwa chikafu chikanganiso, nekuti kazhinji matatya aya anowanzo kuvhiringa mamwe zvirimwa netumbuyu kana kuti anoadya panguva imwe chete yaanovhima imwe mhuka.
Uye machura anodyei?
Matatya anowanzo kuvhiringika nematatya, zvisinei, chokwadi ndechekuti aya marudzi emhuka akasiyana zvachose, saka zvine musoro kufunga kuti kudya kwavo kwakasiyana kwakasiyana. Pasinei neizvi, muchokwadi misiyano yavanayo maererano nekudya kwavo ishoma, sezvo matatya anowanzo kudyisa madzvinyu, zvimwe zvipembenene nehonye, pakati pemamwe marudzi emhuka. Ikozvino, musiyano wakanyanya kucherechedzwa pakati pematatya nematatya, inyaya yekuti kusiyana nematatya anonzi mhuka dzeomnivorous, matatya anodya zvachose.
Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mhuka dzese dziripo pasi rose, usambofunga kwechinguva nezvekuenda usina kutanga waverenga zvinyorwa zvitatu izvi zvinoshamisa zvaunogona kuona pazasi: