NASA yakafadza nyika yekuongorora nzvimbo nekuzivisa mazita evachadenga vachave chikamu chebasa rinotarisirwa zvikuru reArtemis II. Yakarongerwa Mbudzi 2024, iyi yechipiri mishoni yechirongwa cheArtemis ine chinangwa chekubhururuka nemhepo kuenda kuMwedzi kekutanga kubva pachiitiko chenhoroondo yeApollo 17 muna 1972.
Tevere, tichadzidza zvakawanda nezvevachadenga uye zvinofadza zvinangwa zvemission iyi. Pasina kupokana, wanga uri musoro mukuru kuona kuti sei NASA inozivisa vazivi venyeredzi veArtemis II mishoni: kuenda kuMwedzi zvakare.
Artemis II mission vazivi venyeredzi
Maprotagonists eiyi inonakidza nzvimbo yekushanya mutungamiriri Gregory Reid Wiseman, mutyairi wendege Victor Glover, injinjini Christina Koch uye nyanzvi Jeremy Hansen. Mumwe nemumwe anounza ruzivo rwakakura uye ruzivo mumunda wekutsvagisa nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti vakwanise kuita basa iri renhoroondo.
- Christina Hammock Koch achabatana nechikwata seinjiniya. Kutora chikamu kwake kwakatanhamara muInternational Space Station nebasa rake mumutambo wekutanga wevakadzi vese zvinomuita munhu anokurudzira kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera, zvichimuisa parutivi. vakadzi vesainzi vakaita nhoroondo.
- Jeremy HansonPakutanga kubva kuCanadian Space Agency, anounza ruzivo rwake semutungamiriri muRoyal Canadian Air Force uye basa rake munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa paAquarius Reef Base pasi pemvura rabhoritari, inoshandiswa neNASA kudzidzisa vanoongorora nyeredzi.
- Mutyairi wendege Victor glover akatungamira kubhururuka kwekutanga kweSpaceX Dragon spacecraft kuenda kuInternational Space Station, achiratidza hunyanzvi uye ruzivo rwake mukucheka-kumucheto misheni, inova chikamu chakakosha che zvemazuva ano zvemuchadenga mishoni.
- Pakupedzisira, Gregory Reid Wiseman, mission command, ane ruzivo rwakakura paInternational Space Station uye akashanda seMukuru weNASA's Astronaut Office.
Chikwata ichi chevachadenga chichamiririra chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yekuongorora nzvimbo, sezvo ichisanganisira mukadzi wekutanga, Christina Koch, uye wekutanga asiri muchena wemuchadenga, Victor Glover, kutora chikamu mumishini yemwedzi. Sarudzo yavo ishoko rine simba rekubatanidzwa uye kusiyana-siyana munhandare yemuchadenga, inosimbisa kukosha kwekushanda pamwe chete kuzadzisa zvinangwa zveshungu.
Ndatenda kuchikwata chemuchadenga
Ndisati ndaburitsa mazita, Norman Knight, Director weFlight Operations, akataura kutenda kwake kuchikwata cheNASA chemuchadenga, vachiziva kuzvitsaurira kwavo uye kuzvipira kwavo. Akasimbisa kuti kunyangwe vanhu vana vachitaurwa, vese vazivi vemuchadenga nemidziyo yekutsigira vanoita basa rakakosha mubudiriro yebasa remuchadenga.
Joe Acaba, Mukuru weNASA weAstronauts, akasimbisa kukosha kwekubatana mukutsvagisa nzvimbo. Akaziva kuti vazivi vemuchadenga vana ava havasi kuzofamba vari voga, asi kuti vari chikamu chechikwata chepasi rose chinoumbwa nevainjiniya, masayendisiti, varairidzi nerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi vari kushanda nesimba kuita kuti basa iri riitike.
Chirongwa cheArtemis uye zvinangwa zvayo
Chirongwa cheArtemis, chakatangwa muna 2017, chine chinangwa chayo chikuru kudzoka kwemunhu kuMwedzi uye kugadzwa kwekambi yechigarire kuti ifambise kuongorora kweramangwana kuMars.. Artemis I, basa rekutanga rechirongwa, rakaitwa zvinobudirira muna Mbudzi 2022, uye zvino Artemis II acharatidza kutanga kwemamishini ane vanhu. Artemis II yakarongerwa kutanga muna Mbudzi 2024, uye chinangwa chayo ndechekuita orbital kubhururuka kutenderera Mwedzi usati wadzokera kuNyika.
Mamisheni ari kuuya: Artemis III naAtemisi IV
Mushure meAtemisi II, chirongwa cheArtemis chichaenderera mberi nemamishinari matsva. Artemis III, yakarongerwa 2025, ine chinangwa chekumhara paMwedzi kekutanga kubva paApollo 17. Kana iri iyo, Artemis IV, yakarongerwa 2028, ichatarisa pagungano reLunar Gateway chikuva, moduru yedzimba uye nerabhoritari yemwedzi.
Iyo Artemis purojekiti: kutanga kwakabudirira kune yakajeka ramangwana fungidziro
Artemis inomiririra purojekiti yakakura ine kutanga kwakabudirira iyo inofanirwa kurangarirwa. Nenzira iyi chete tichanzwisisa kushanduka kwechikumbiro chikuru chesainzi nekushanduka-shanduka, zvichipa nzira yekuzvarwa kwemishoni mitsva yakambotaurwa. Gara nesu kuti tiongorore mamishini eprojekiti yeArtemis:
Artemis I mishoni: danho rekutanga rakabudirira
Basa reArtemis I ndiro raive basa rekutanga muchirongwa cheNASA cheArtemis, chakatangwa muna Mbudzi 16, 2022. Iri rakanga riri basa risina munhu rairongedzerwa kuyedza hurongwa hwekutanga hweSpace Launch System (SLS) uye chipenga cheOrion.
Mukati mehushumiri, chitundumuseremusere cheOrion chakagadzira mafambiro maviri kutenderera Mwedzi chisati chadzokera kuNyika. Muedzo uyu wakaita kuti zvikwanise kuongorora kushanda uye kugona kwechitundumuseremusere kuti chikwanise kumira nemamiriro ezvinhu emuchadenga, kusanganisira kupinda zvakare mumhepo yePasi.
Kubudirira kwaAtemisi I kwaive chiitiko chikuru muchirongwa cheArtemis, sezvo chairatidza kushanda kwehurongwa hwekutangisa uye chitundumuseremusere chemisheni yeramangwana. Uye zvakare, iyo mishoni yakaita kuti zvikwanise kuunganidza data rakakosha iro rinozobatsira mukuvandudza matekinoroji uye masisitimu anodiwa pakudzoka kwevazivi venyeredzi kuMwedzi.
Artemis II: kutanga kwemamishinari ane vanhu
Artemis I ndakateya hwaro hwemisheni inotevera yechirongwa ichi: Artemis II, inozoratidza kutanga kwemamishinari ane vanhu.. Aya mamishini ane chinangwa chekudzokera kuMwedzi uye kumisa huvepo hwakasimba pasetiraiti yedu yechisikigo, zvichiisa hwaro hwekuongorora nzvimbo mune ramangwana, kusanganisira kuenda kuMars.
Artemis III uye Artemis IV: ramangwana rine chishuwo
Misheni mitsva yakatorongerwa ramangwana nechirongwa cheArtemis. Kufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji kwechirongwa ichi kwave kwakakura zvekuti tinogona kudada kuona kugona kwemamishini ayo kare aive zviroto zvesainzi.
Kuburitswa kunotevera kwakarongwa - sezvakataurwa mumitsara yapfuura - ye2025 (Artemis III) uye 2028 (Artemis IV) ine zvinangwa zveshungu zvakarongwa nesainzi kwemakore uye izvo zvinozopedzisira zvakwanisa kuitika.: dzokera kuMwedzi kechipiri (Artemis II, 2025) uye gadza Lunar chikuva chine chinhu chekugara kwevanhu, tsvakiridzo uye kunyange kuenda kuMars (Artemis IV, 2028).
Misheni yaAtemisi haizoregi kutishamisa
LSarudzo yevazivi vemuchadenga yebasa reArtemis II inhanho inonakidza yekutarisa kwakasimba kwenzvimbo uye kukunda kweMwedzi nekupfuura. Aya quintessential astronauts anosanganisira kuzvipira, mweya wechikwata uye kusiyana-siyana kunodiwa kusvika kumiganhu mitsva uye kuvhura mikova yeramangwana rekuwanikwa kwesainzi kusati kwamboitika uye kufambira mberi.
Tinogona kungotenda basa rekutsvaga risingadaviriki reboka rakasiyana-siyana revanyanzvi vane hunyanzvi pahunyanzvi, hwemuviri uye, chokwadi, nhanho yemunhu. Sevanhu tinodada kuona misoro yenyaya seinovhura kwekutanga kwechinyorwa chino: "NASA inoburitsa vazivi vemuchadenga vebasa reArtemis II: vakananga kuMwedzi zvakare."