ari vaporofita veTestamende yekare yeBhaibheri vaiva vaya vanhu vaiva nechinhanho chepamusoro chekureverera kana hukama hwakadzama naMwari. Jehovha akashandisa aya mavara emubhaibheri senzira yokuzivisa zvine chiremera Israeri nezveShoko rake. Ngationei kuti ndivanaani.
Vaporofita
Kuti utsanangure kuti muporofita chii kune vaporofita, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive kwakatangira izwi kubva kune etymology yaro. Izwi rekuti muporofita rinobva muchiGiriki mudzi propētēs, anoreva zvakafanana muchiSpanish ane hukama nemutumwa, mutauriri, nezvimwe.
MuBhaibheri izwi rechiGiriki rekuti propētēs rakazoshandurwa muporofita rinounzwa kekutanga muSeptuagint kana Septuagint vhezheni, seshoko rakashandurwa kubva mushoko rechiHebheru nāḇîʾ kana nabí. Zvisineyi izwi rinoreva zvakafanana rinoitwa nenzira yehumwechete. Sezvo izwi rechiHebheru nabi rinoreva kumutumwa kana mutauriri waMwari.
Nepo avo vanotakura shoko risingabvi kuna Mwari waIsraeri vanonzi pseudo-profetēs kana kuti muporofita wenhema, ndiko kuti, vaporofita venhema. Kunzwisisa kuti chivakashure Pseudo- chinobva muchiGiriki ψεῦδο, chinoiswa pamberi pechidzidzo, basa, pfungwa kana munhu; kuitira kureva chimwe chinhu chinotaridzika, kana kuti chenhema, chinorasisa, kana chinotevedzera. Iko kushandiswa kweizwi rekuti muporofita muchirevo chakasimba chekuti Mwari mumwe chete kunowira mukati metsika dzechiJudha, dzechiKristu nedzeMuslim, zvichibva muchiHebheru kuburikidza neshoko nabí kana נְבִיא.
Kana chirevo cheizwi muporofita chichinge chatsanangurwa, zvinogona kunzi vaporofita vanhu avo vane simba rakapihwa naYahweh kana Ishe wehondo rekuita sevarevereri pakati pehumwari nevanhu vake. Kureva kuti vaporofita vatumwa veshoko raMwari. Nepo kugona kududzira shoko kubva mumaonero aMwari kunonzwisiswa sechipo chekuporofita.
Vaporofita veIsraeri
Vaporofita veTestamente Yekare vanotora yakawanda yenhoroondo yeIsrael. Vaporofita ava veIsirairi vaive nekudana kwaMwari uye vakazadzwa neMweya wake, 1 Sameri 10:10 (KJV 1960):
10 Vakati vachisvika pagomo, boka ravaporofita rikasangana naye; Ipapo Mweya waMwari wakauya pamusoro pake nesimba, akaporofita pakati pavo.
Nenzira iyi vaporofita vakaendesa shoko raMwari kuvanhu veIzirairi, zvinogona kunzi muporofita aive muparidzi kana mushumiri waMwari. Pavaiporofita, kazhinji vaizviita vachiti, "Zvanzi naJehovha." Zvichireva kuti havazi ivo vaitaura asi Jehovha Mwari, aive iye Ishe pachake aitaura. Asi usati waziva Ndivanaani vaiva vaporofita yeIsrael zvakakosha kuziva mavambo avo.
Kwakatangira vaporofita muIsrael
Rudzi rwaIsraeri rwakamuka kubva mukukamukana kweumambo kana vanhu vaMwari, kwakaitika makore 931 Kristu asati auya. Izvi zvisati zvaitika kwaiva navaHebheru, ivo Abhurahama nezvizvarwa zvomwanakomana wake Isaka. VaIsraeri vaive vanhu vaigara munyika yeKenani kana kuti nyika yechipikirwa yeIsraeri. Nzvimbo yakagara vana vaJakobho mwanakomana waIsaka. Kuti gare gare Mwari aizochinja zita rake kubva kuna Jakobho kuva Israeri. VaIsraeri vanosanganisirawo madzimambo eumambo hwaIsraeri pamberi uye pashure pokukamukana kwoumambo kuva: umambo hwaIsraeri noumambo hwaJudha.
Vanhu ava pakutanga vaigara mumarudzi aingotama-tama uye Abrahama aiva mumwe wemadzitateguru avo. Mumataundi aya maiva nerudzi rwen’anga dzainzi vaoni, avo sezviri pachena vakambobatwa nehope mushure mekudzidzira kutamba kana kutsanya kwenguva refu. Vaoni ava pavakabuda mundangariro kudaro, vakaratidza kuti vakanga vasangana namwari.
Kubva kunaMosesi mune vanhu vechiHebheru rudzi rwakasiyana rwevaoni rwakatanga uye muchokwadi mamiriro ekutamba nematambiro akaramba achivapo. Asi masimba ekuona pamwe nekureverera mumunhu waMosesi akatanga kuve nerevo nyowani, pfungwa yechiporofita.
Vaporofita kubva ipapo vakawana basa rekudzora vanhu kuti vasabve pakutenda kwavo kuna Mwari. Naizvozvo muporofita wechokwadi anofanira kuita kuti vanhu vatevere mutemo waMwari. Iwe unoziva chii uyu Mutemo? Pinda ichi chinyorwa kuti uzive chokwadi mirairo yemutemo waMwari.
Muporofita haangambofurira vanhu kuti vashumire vamwe vamwari nekuti kuita izvi kunobva kwave muporofita wenhema. Gare gare Mwari anosheedza vaporofita kuti vataure kuburikidza navo, kuitira kuti vavashandise sevapomeri apo nyika yese yeIsrael yakazviwana vave pamuromo wekuzviparadza.
Mharidzo yechiporofita iri muBhaibheri
Chirevo chechiporofita kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi muBhaibheri ndechekuti muprofita aisvitsa shoko raShe. Pasina kuda kupinda mutrance states kuita kudanwa kwaMwari. Shoko raMwari, rinotaurwa nezwi revaporofita muBhaibheri, rinopinda, rakajeka, uye rakadzikama, richipa shoko rinonzwisisika raiwanzopa tariro kuvanhu.
Vamwe vazhinji kuti vashore kusaruramisira kana kusarurama kwakaitwa nevatungamiriri kana vanhu veIsraeri. Pane rumwe rutivi, shoko rouprofita rinotaurwa neBhaibheri haritsaudzi vanhu pachokwadi kana kuti kuvatungamirira kurarama mukunyepedzera kana kuti kutya, sezvinowanzoita vaprofita venhema kana kuti vechihedheni. Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvavo mune chinyorwa nezve vaporofita venhema.
Naizvozvo, basa kana basa remuporofita nderekuyeuchidza Israeri kuti vararame chibvumirano naMwari uye vagova vakatendeka kwaari. Vanhu ngavatevere mirairo yake kwete bedzi mutsamba asi kuda Mwari nomuvakidzani wavo. Ndichaiteiko newe, iwe Efuremu? Mwari vanobvunza uye vanoti ndingakubata sei iwe Juda, Hosea 6:4-5
4 Asi Mwari akapindura akati, “Haiwa imi vagari vaIsraeri nevaJudha, ndichakuiteiko? Iwe unoti unondida, asi rudo rwako rwakaita semhute uye sedova remangwanani: nokukurumidza runonyangarika! 5 Ndokusaka shoko randakavapa kubudikidza navaprofita vangu rakanga rakaita somwaranzi unoparadza wakavaurayisa. » 6 Munondivigira zvipiriso, asi izvo handizvidi; Chandinoda ndechekuti vandide uye vandizive saMwari wavo
Vaporofita inhume dzakatumwa naMwari, dzinoona kuti mutemo waMwari neshoko zvinoremekedzwa nekuzadzikiswa nevanhu.
Kumuka kwevaporofita muIsrael
Mukati moutapwa hwaIsraeri, shoko rouprofita raisimbisa tariro. Panguva iyi vanhu veIzirairi vakaenda muutapwa munharaunda dzakavakidzana dzakaita seAsiria neBabironi nekuti vaive vabva kuna Mwari. Yakanga iri nguva apo shoko rouprofita rakasvika pakakwirira.
Israeri pakutapwa yakanga isina vapristi nemadzimambo kuti vavatungamirire. Saka vaporofita vakadaidzwa naMwari kudyara tariro nekusimbisa kutenda muna Mwari muvanhu. Mharidzo yechiporofita yakazivisa kupera kwouranda uye kudzoka kubva mukutapwa, muporofita Isaya muchikamu ch. 41: 1-20 izwi revimbiso yaMwari kuna Israeri, Isaya 41:10:
10 Usatya, nekuti ndinewe; usaora mwoyo, nekuti ndiri Mwari wako anokurwisa; Ndichagara ndichikubatsira, ndichagara ndichikutsigira neruoko rwerudyi rwekururamisira kwangu.
Asi vaporofita vakaunzawo kutsamwa kwaMwari kuzotakura zvakaipa zvavanhu kupfurikidza neshoko ravo, muenzaniso uri mumuporofita Jeremia 29:15-20 .
Pasina simba revaporofita panguva yehutapwa, kutenda muvanhu veIsirayera kwaisagona kuve kwakachengetedzwa.
Vaporofita veIsirayera vanoita hutungamiriri hwavo nekushumira muIsrael panguva yaibvira muzana ramakore regumi nerimwe kusvika rechina BC. Parizvino uye muchiedza cheizvo zvakataurwa naJesu paakataura muporofita Isaya ari musinagogi reNazareta, Ruka 11: 4-4.
17 Akapiwa bhuku remuporofita Isaya. akati avhura bhuku, akawana pakanga pakanyorwa kuti: 18 Mweya waIshe uri pamusoro pangu, nekuti wakandizodza, kuti ndiparidzire varombo mashoko akanaka; Akandituma kuti ndirape vane mwoyo yakaputsika. Kuparidza rusununguko kunhapwa, nekuona kumapofu; Kusunungura vakadzvinyirirwa; 19 Kuparidza gore rinofadza raIshe.
Vashumiri vaIshe Nhasi
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti muKristu wese anodanwa kuti azadzise basa revaporofita. Vanhu vechiKristu ndivo vatumwa uye Ndivanaani vaprofita vanhasi? zuva, neimwe nzira. Chokwadi, shoko raMwari rakatonyorwa. Kuti zvose zvichaitika kusvikira pakuuya kwaShe zvakanyorwa kare. Zvakadaro, kana tichinge tagamuchira Kristu muhupenyu hwedu, Mweya Mutsvene wake unogara matiri. Kupfurikidza nokutenda mumwoyo yedu kuti muporofita uyo Mwari akazivisa kupfurikidza nomuromo waMosesi muna Dheuteronomio 18:15-18 , uyo vanhu vanofanira kuteerera kwaari, ndiJesu amene.
Isu tinotenda nenzira imwecheteyo kuti kuva mushumiri kana mushandi waKristu kuzivisa evhangeri yaJesu nekuvimbika uye kuva chiedza kuneavo vanoshuva uye vanoda ruponeso rwake. Ini ndinokukoka iwe kana iwe uri kuverenga iyi mitsara kuti upinde muchinyorwa zvikamu zvebhaibheri, kwaunogona kuona kuti kune mabhuku gumi nematanhatu evaporofita. Aya mabhuku mumutauro wechiHebheru anonzi nǝḇîʾîm uye akanyorwa nevaporofita pachavo kana nevanyori vavo kana vaturikiri.
Kupatsanurwa kwevaporofita
Kurongeka kwakanyanya uko kunogona kuitwa nevaporofita vemuBhaibheri muTestamente Yekare ndekwevaporofita pamberi uye shure kwekuparadzaniswa kwehumambo:
Vaporofita vekare nevekutanga:
- Moisés
- Aaron
- Eridhadhi naMedhadhi
- Joshua
- Samuel
- Natani
- David
- Soromoni
- Chili pepper
- Eria
- Eliseo
- Eriezeri
- Zekariya
Gare gare vaporofita: Vaporofita ava vanoiswa mumashure kuva vaporofita vakuru uye vaporofita vadiki
Vaporofita Vakuru
Vaporofita ava vanonzi vakuru kwete nekuti ndivo vane basa kupfuura vamwe. Asi nekuti zvinyorwa zvavo kana zvinyorwa ndizvo zvakakurisa zvine zvitsauko zvakawanda kupfuura zvinonzi zvidiki. Vaporofita vakuru vaive:
- Isaya: Muporofita anopa tsananguro yakazara yevhangeri raMwari muna Jesu Kristu. Tinokukoka iwe kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve iri rakakosha bhuku rechiporofita nekupinda muchinyorwa, Isaya: Bhuku rakanyorwa munguva dzezvakaipa nekutsauka pakutenda
- Jeremiah: Anoparidza pamusoro pechivi chaIsraeri, anozivisa kuparadzwa nekubwinya kweramangwana kweJerusarema
- Ezekieri: Inozivisa kudonha kweJerusarema, kudzoreredzwa kwayo uye neramangwana rakanaka
- Danieri: Anoparidza pahumambo huna, pamwe nekuzivisa humambo hwese uye husingaperi hwaMwari
Vaporofita vadiki
Mabhuku aya ane mashoko echiporofita anonzi madiki nekuti mapfupi pane ekare, mamwe acho mapfupi. Vanozviti vaporofita vadiki ndivo:
- Hosiya: Chiporofita meseji yekushorwa kwaIsraeri kwakaenderera netsitsi dzaMwari nekuregerera kuvanhu vake
- Joeri: Anozivisa kutonga kwaMwari kuburikidza nechisimba chekumwe
- Amos: Inozivisa kuziviswa kwekutongwa kumarudzi, kunyanya Israeri
- Obhadhia: Anozivisa kuparadzwa kwakakwana kwenharaunda yeEdhomi
- Jona: Muprofita asingateereri shoko rouprofita rokuparadzwa kweNinivhi risati rasvika, uye pashure penyaya yake anotungamirira vanhu ava kuti vapfidze.
- Mika: Anozivisa Kutonga kwaMwari uye Vimbiso Yekudzoreredza kuburikidza naMesiya
- Nahumi: Anozivisa nezvekuparadzwa kwedunhu reNinevhe
- Habhakuki: Muporofita uyu anorumbidza kutonga kwaMwari kuri kuuya pamusoro peJudha
- Zefaniya: Anozivisa chiporofita chekutongwa kwekuparadzwa uye chinotevera chikomborero chaMwari
- Hagai: Anodaidzira kuvakwazve kweTemberi kubva pakutapwa neBhabhironi
- Zekariya: Anozivisa Chiporofita chaMesiya uye Kudana kuti Apedze Kuvaka Temberi yaMwari
- Maraki: Chiporofita meseji yekuparadzwa inoteverwa nevimbiso yaMesiya yekuropafadzwa
Chronological nzvimbo yevakuru nevadiki vaporofita
Pavaprofita 16, vakuru nevaduku, gumi nevatatu vavo vane chokuita nokuparadzwa kwevanhu vechiHebheru uye vatatu nokudzorerwa kwaro. Zvino, mushure mekutonga kwaSoromoni (961 BC), kupatsanurwa kwehumambo kwakaitika (931 BC). Iyo yakakamurwa kuva umambo hwekuchamhembe kana humambo hwaIsraeri uye humambo hwezasi kana humambo hwaJudah. Kuwa kana kuparadzwa kwehumambo hwekuchamhembe nehwekumaodzanyemba kwakaitika mumatanho maviri.
Kuwa kwehumambo hwekuchamhembe
Kuwa kwehumambo hwekuchamhembe kwakaitika pakati pemakore 734 na721 BC. Munguva ino kana danho rinowanikwa vaporofita:
- Joel
- Jona
- Amos
- Hosiya
- Isaya
- Mika
Kuwa kwoushe hwekumaodzanyemba
Kuwa kwehumambo hwekumaodzanyemba kwakaitika pakati pe606 na586 BC. Munguva ino kana danho rinowanikwa vaporofita:
- Jeremiah
- Ezekiel
- Daniel
- Obhadhiya
- Nahumi
- Habhakuki
- Zefaniya
Kudzoreredzwa kweRudzi
Kudzorerwa kwerudzi kunoitika panguva iri pakati pa536 na444 BC. Munguva ino vaporofita varipo:
- Hagai
- Zekariya
- Maraki
Muporofita Eria
Mune anonzi mabhuku enhoroondo eBhaibheri, akadai semabhuku aSamueri, Madzimambo, Vatongi, naMakoronike, nyaya dzinonyorwa patsva pamusoro pemuporofita anoonekwa seakanyanya kukosha pavaporofita vese vemuTestamente Yekare, muporofita Eria. Muporofita ane pesvedzero yakanga ine simba zvikuru uye ane simba guru muna Israeri zvokuti, mukati moushumiri hwapasi hwaJesu, ndiye wavaikarira kugadzirira Mesiya nzira.
Chekupedzisira, zvinogona kunzi vaporofita mumwe nemumwe aive nebasa rake uye neshoko ravo rakakosha. Asi kazhinji basa ravo raive rekuedza kununura nyika kubva pahuipi hwavo nekunamata zvifananidzo, vakatadza mune izvi. Vaporofita vakazivisa kuti vakasara vachaponeswa kubva pakati pemarudzi. Kubva kune vakasara vaizouya davi raizobuda mumhuri yaDavid kutambanudzira humambo hwaMwari kumarudzi ese, iro bazi raive Jesu Kristu.
