Iyo Poinsettia inozivikanwawo seruva rakakurumbira reKisimusi, rinofarirwa zvikuru pasi rese nekuda kwekuva chiratidzo cheKisimusi uye rinonyanya hunhu hwekunhuhwirira kweruvara dzvuku uye maruva evelvet, ngatidzidzei zvishoma nezvekutarisira kwatinofanira kuita neruva iri rakanaka uye mamwe matipi e kuchengetedzwa kwayo.
Poinsettia
Iyo poinsettia inonyanya kuzivikanwa seruva reKisimusi, mufudzi, ruva reKisimusi, pakati pemamwe mazita mazhinji, zita rayo resainzi ndiEuphorbia Pulcherrima. Inofanana nerudzi rwemhuri yeEuphorbiaceae inobva kunyika yeMexico uyewo kubva kuCentral America. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurima se shrub, kunyanya munzvimbo yefloriculture, ichishandiswa zvakanyanya sechirimwa chemukati panguva yeKisimusi. Zvinonzi kune marudzi anoda kurimwa anosvika zana.
Imwe yemhando huru yeRuva reIsita ndeye mavara anoyevedza, ndosaka ichishandiswa zvakanyanya kune akasiyana kushongedzwa, ichizivikanwa nemazita akasiyana zvichienderana nenyika yairi kushandiswa, sePascuero kuMexico, Federal Star mu. Argentina, ruva reKisimusi munyika dzeCentral America nemamwe mazita mazhinji, anowanzo shandiswa zvakanyanya panguva yeKisimusi.
Zvimiro zvePoinsettia
Idiki diki gwenzi rine diki diki diki, rinogona kusvika kusvika 4 metres pakureba. Mashizha anogona kuva lanceolate, uyewo ovate-elliptic, uye anogonawo kuva akazara kana mazino. Dzine dzinde dzakakora asi dzinogona zvakare kutsetseka. Mashizha ayo ane mitsetse yakatsetseka kana mazino, anogona zvakare kuve akapusa kana kuchinjika, ovate kune elliptic, sinuous uye ane 2 akadzika kwazvo lateral mativi ane subacute ridges.
Iyo ine inflorescences kana maruva anoitika pachirimwa, iwo anowanikwa pamusoro pematande ayo ane basa rekugadzira ruva remukadzi rimwechete pasina petals kana sepals, zvakare yakakomberedzwa nemamwe maruva echirume ane chimiro. inozivikanwa se ciato yerudzi rweEuphorbia. Kuonekwa kweimwe yero glands inogona kucherechedzwa kubva kune yega yega cyath.
Imwe neimwe yeiyi inflorescences yakakomberedzwa nemashizha marefu anozivikanwa sebracts ane hunhu hwakanyanya ruvara rutsvuku rwuri munzvimbo yepamusoro yechirimwa, ichipa kutaridzika kunoshamisa kumaruva. Kune mbesa dzine mabract ane mavara akasiyana dzinofanira kugovewa mukati megore asi zvikuru panguva yeKisimusi, izvo zvinonzi zvakakonzerwa panguva iyi nekuti inotumbuka muchando.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kuchamhembe kwehemisphere vanowanzo tumbuka kubva pakati paNovember kusvika Kukadzi uye inoonekwa yakakosha kuti Poinsettia isagamuchire chero chiedza kwemaawa gumi nemaviri, kunyanya kubva pakati paOctober kusvika kuKisimusi kuti iwane maruva akakodzera.
Nhoroondo yePoinsettia
Nhoroondo yePoinsettia inomiririra kufarira kukuru nekuda kwechimiro chayo chekufananidzira nekuda kwenguva yegore yainocherechedzwa, zvichipa nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nenyika iyo rondedzero iri pakati payo, yakamira munyika dzinotevera dzatinotsanangura. pazasi:
Mekisiko
MuMexico rinosanozivikanwa seruva reKisimusi kana ruva reIsita. Marudzi erudzi anorizivisa seNahuatl, cuetlaxóchitl zvinoreva kuti "Ruva rinosvava", ishoko rinomiririra mubatanidzwa wevamwe vaviri: cuetlahui, “kuoma” uye xochitl, "ruva". Imwe nzira yekuzivikanwa ndeye kubva cuetlaxtli "dehwe" uye xochitl. Iine dudziro chaiyo se "ruva reganda" nekuda kwekupenya kwayo kwakatsvuka kwemavara mumapetali, kufanana zvakanyanya neganda richangobva kuvharwa.
Rimwe sangano, asi risinganyanyi kuitika, ndere izwi rekuti cuitlatl rinoreva "tsvina", nekuti shiri dzinowanzoita tsvina mhodzi dzese dzabatwa, dzinowanzodziparadzira uye chirimwa chinogona kuzvarwa kubva mutsvina. Yakazozivikanwa kune dzimwe nyika panguva yehutongi hweNew Spain, uko makereke aive akashongedzwa panguva yezororo reKisimusi. Zvino tsika iyi yakapararira kuEurope mugore ra1678.
Argentina
MuArgentina, inonyanya kufarirwa nezita remubatanidzwa wenyeredzi, izvi zvinokonzerwa neruvara rutsvuku, kuve chiratidzo cheruvara dzvuku rwakakurudzira Federal Party uye zvakare kuti chimiro chepetals chinogona kutiyeuchidza nezvenyeredzi. Kushandiswa zvakanyanya muma1970 sechiratidzo cheuto reMontoneros. Inogona kuzivikanwa nemamwe mazita akadai semufudzikadzi, husiku hwakanaka, poinsettia uye poinsettia.
United States
MuUnited States, zvakamira pachena kune munhu anozivikanwa saPaul Ecke, aive wechizvarwa chechitatu chemhuri yeEcke, vaive boka revatorwa veGerman vakagara muLos Angeles pakati pemakore ekuma1900, ari munhu mukuru aive nemhosva. kuitira kukurudzira kushandiswa kwechirimwa munguva yechando. Pamusoro pekushandura musika wese, kazhinji kushandisa kucheka kwakatumirwa nendege pachinzvimbo chekushandisa zvirimwa zvakura zvinotamiswa nechitima.
Kugoverwa mahara mumapoto ane zvirimwa kune zvakasiyana siyana zviteshi zveterevhizheni zvakaonekwa kubva pakutenda kusvika Kisimusi. Maruva ese aya akaonekwa achirarama pazviratidziro seThe Tonight Show uye zvakare paBob Hope's Kisimusi yakakosha, kubva ipapo vakasimudzirwa mune zvekutengesa.
Kugovera uye pekugara
MuGuatemala chirimwa chinogona kuwanikwa kwese kwese, kazhinji uko kune nzvimbo dzepakati kusvika pakakwirira dzakananga kumahombekombe. Nzvimbo yaro isango uye inogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzine hunyoro kana mumipata ine miti.
MuMexico, marudzi akasiyana emusango ari munharaunda yeMexico anowanikwa mumatunhu eGuerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacán neChiapas, anowanikwa zvawo, kana akarimwa anogona kuwanikwa munyika yose.Kuratidzira dzimwe matunhu ekupa zvirimwa zvakaita seMorelos, Michoacán, Puebla, State of Mexico, Jalisco, Veracruz, Querétaro, Guanajuato, Chiapas, Guerrero neBaja California.
Munyika yeMexico, marudzi anopfuura zana akasiyana anogona kurimwa, kazhinji anorimwa nemakambani akasarudzika akatarisana nemusika kana kuwana mhando nyowani dzinofanira kurimwa muhari nemidziyo, mune iyi ruvara rutsvuku inonyanya kutonga pamusika neinenge 70 muzana..
Kana iri chimiro chayo chemusango, dzinogona kukura mumipata uye munzvimbo dzakadzika kana dzakavhurika, kunyanya kumadokero nekumaodzanyemba kweMexico. Mhando iyi yemiti yemusango inogona kuunzwa mudzimba sechishongo, inorimwa nevarimi uye inowanzowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiiwa dzekugara kwevanhu kana pamativi emigwagwa uye mapurani (maruwa ekumaruwa).
Inofanana nechirimwa chinoenderana nephotoperiod, inoda mazuva mapfupi nehusiku hurefu kuti ikwanise kukonzera ruvara rwebracts (Mashizha). Naizvozvo, kuvhenekera kwakanaka kunodiwa kuti vadzivise kudzima kana kudonha. Panyaya yekushisa, chirimwa hachikwanise kumira kutonhora kana kupisa kwakanyanya, saka inokurudzirwa pakati pe20-22 ° C. masikati uye 16 °C usiku.
Chirimwa chinogona kushivirira tembiricha ye40 °C, isingatsigire dhizaini uye nekumwe kushanduka kwekushisa. Kunyorova kwemamiriro ekunze kwakanaka kunonyanya kudikanwa, nenzira iyi zvinokwanisika kudzivirira kudonha kwemashizha, asi zvakare inonzwa zvakanyanya kune ivhu humidity, nekuda kwekuwanda kwemvura inosvika pakuora kwemidzi. Mushure menguva yemaruva, panguva iyo mashizha akadonha uye akarasikirwa nebracts, chirimwa chose chinowanzochekwa, chichibvumira madzinde anenge 5-10 cm.
State of kuchengetedza
Iyo Poinsettia inoonekwa seimwe yemaruva ekunze, anoyevedza uye akanaka kwazvo munyika; ichizviona seimwe ye10 inonyanya kutsvakwa-mushure memiti yakabikwa muEurope neNorth America. Kuratidzira kukosha kwayo kukuru kwekuve chirimwa chinomiririra Kisimusi munzvimbo dzese dzepasi.Mhuka dzayo dzinogona kuwanikwa musango munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzakaita seMexico uye muCentral America, uko kwadziri zvirimwa zvakakosha, inomiririra genetic reserve iyo isati yaongororwa.
Muzviitiko zvekuvandudzwa kwemajini nekuchinja, inongoshandiswa kushandura mamwe mavara uye mumhando dzeWild Poinsettia, kune zvienzaniso zvine maitiro anodiwa pamusika. Mhedzisiro yekuchinja mumiti yekushongedza inogona kuve nyore kuona, ichiva icho chitsva uye chakakosha kuti ibude yakanangana neiyo yekuona.Inoonekwa sechirimwa chine kupararira kwakapararira pasi rose, saka haitariswe semhando mune chero chikamu.
Poinsettia Care
Mhando dzese dzezvirimwa dzinofanirwa kuve nekutarisirwa kwakakosha, kunyanya kana iri zvirimwa zvakasimwa nekuda kwekutengesa uye nekukwira kwepasirese kudiwa, sezvakaita nyaya yePoinsettia, iri ruva rinotsvakwa zvakanyanya panguva yeKisimusi uye rinoshandiswa zvekushongedza, nekuda kweizvi. zvakakosha kuti utarise zvinotevera zvinokurudzirwa:
Poinsettia Fertilizer
Kana maruva apera, poinsettia inoda kuisa fetereza yemvura kumvura yekudiridza inoshandiswa pachirimwa. Iyo fetireza yepasirese inogona kushandiswa kana zvakare fetiraiza ine inononoka kuburitswa, zviri nani inofanira kuiswa kamwe chete mazuva gumi, inokwana kufarira kukura kwayo.
Kuchengetedza
Inokurudzirwa kana mashizha ose matsvuku adonha, zvichida munzvimbo yakasarudzwa, kakawanda inosimwa mumapindu. Muzviitiko zvekuita kuisirwa munzvimbo dzinoitwa mazaya echando, anogona zvakare kuchengetwa mukati medzimba, nekuda kwechikonzero ichi inocherechedzwa zvakanyanya mukushongedza kwemukati chero bedzi kutarisirwa kunoitwa uye nekuchekerera kusati kwaitwa.
Poinsettia Pruning
Kuchekerera kunofanira kuitwa pakupera kwaNdira, apo poinsettia inenge isisina mashizha (tsvuku uye yakasvibirira) Panguva iyi, inokurudzirwa kuti ichekerwe. Kuve iri mune dzimwe dzimba, zvinokurudzirwa kuchengeta mashizha akasvibirira uye zvakare kutarisira kuchengetedza mashizha matsvuku kwemwedzi. Panyaya idzi, madzinde anowanzo kuchekwa uye achisiya masendimita gumi kumusoro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa magirovhosi panguva iyi nekuti vane muto unogona kunzwa ganda, pakupedzisira magumo anofanira kuvharwa neakanyunguduka kenduru wax.
Poinsettia's Zororo
Nguva yekuzorora yePoinsettia kana Ruva rweKisimusi munguva yechando inokurudzirwa munzvimbo dzine kudziyisa kwemahara, nenzira imwechete kudiridza kunofanirwa kuchengetedzwa panguva ino asi zvakanyanya kushomeka (kamwe pavhiki).
Kuchinja kwePoinsettia
Inoshandiswa munguva dzechirimo, ichisimwa muhari yakakura, kushandisa musanganiswa wepasi rose substrate kuti ifambise kukura kwayo, zvichida humus kana jecha, zvinokurudzirwa kuti ipe chiedza chakanaka chepanyama uye tembiricha inenge 20 °. Inoratidzwa nekuwana kuumbwa kwemadzinde nekukura kunoramba kuchikura uye zvakare kugadzira mashizha akanaka muzhizha uye matsutso.
Kutumbuka
Poinsettia inogona kutumbuka muna Zvita, yotanga kuita mabracts matsva (mashizha matsvuku) Inoda nguva yezuva nezuva ingangoita maawa gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nemana murima rakazara pakati pekupera kwaGunyana kana kutanga kwaGumiguru. Paunenge uri kumba, haugone kuzviwana uri mukamuri inobvumira maawa mashoma pasina mwenje uye nekudaro uine chirimwa chine kunaka kweKisimusi kutaridzika, dzimwe nguva inogona kukura zvekugadzira murima iyo inoda.
Izvo zvinodiwa kuti uifukidze nepurasitiki yakasviba kana, kutadza izvo, shandisa kadhibhodhi gobvu kana zvimwe hood yekudzivirira iyo yakafukidzwa nealuminium foil, zviri nani panguva yemasikati-husiku, kuwana anenge maawa gumi nemana pasina chiedza. Kana nzira iyi ikasaitwa, iyo Poinsettia inokura zvakanaka asi haizotungi. Ukatadza izvozvo, unenge uine Poinsettia ine mashizha egirinhi asi kwete matsvuku.
Muna Zvita, zvinogoneka kuve neKisimusi kana Poinsettia chirimwa icho chichave chatumbuka zvakare, chakakura uye zvakare chinoongwa zvishoma mushure mekuita kwese kwakaratidzwa kutarisirwa.
Tinovimba kuti chinyorwa ichi chabatsira, tinokusiira vamwe vanozonyatsokufarira: