Paradhiso yechisikigo yeDuhatao Ndiyo imwe yemakona eChile inoshamisa chaizvo nekuti hapana akambonzwa nezvayo. Pamhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweChiloƩ Island, musha mudiki uyu wevanhu vanounganidza hove dzegungwa nevanounganidza hove dzegungwa unovanza mawere anoshamisa, masango emuno ane hunyoro, uye matombo anoputika anotaura nyaya ine mamiriyoni emakore.
Kure nenzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda pachitsuwa ichi, muDuhatao mune musanganiswa we nzvimbo dzesango, geology yakasiyana uye tsika dzeChilote izvo zvagara zvisina kumbobatwa. Inzvimbo yakanaka kana uchida kufema mhepo yakachena, kufamba munzira dziri kure, kuteerera mafungu ePacific, uye panguva imwe chete, uchiwana chikonzero nei nzvimbo iyi yepasi rose ichifadza vanoongorora geology, vafotori vezvisikwa, uye vanoda kushanya zvishoma nezvishoma.
Duhatao iri kupi uye nei iri nzvimbo yakakosha kudaro?
Duhatao iri mu Komuni yeAncud, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwechitsuwa chikuru cheChiloƩIri muLos Lagos Region muChile, nzvimbo iyi yegungwa inonyanya kubatwa nePacific Ocean, nzvimbo iyo kuparadzwa kwegungwa kwakagadzira nzvimbo yacho zvakanyanya, zvichigadzira mapako, maberere, nemawere marefu. Nzvimbo iyi yakashama, pamwe chete nehuwandu hwevanhu hushoma, inobvumira nharaunda kuti irambe yakasvibira uye yakachena.
Chitsuwa cheChiloƩ kazhinji chine runako rwakanyanyaMvura inonaya kakawanda, mafuro akasvibira zvakanyanya, masango anogara aine hunyoro, uye tsika dzakasiyana dzinoonekwa mumachechi ayo emapuranga, ngano, chikafu, uye dzimba dzakagadzirwa nematanda. Kwemazana emakore, chitsuwa ichi chaigara chakaparadzana, izvo zvakabatsira mukusimudzirwa kwetsika nemararamiro zvakabatana negungwa nenyika - chimwe chinhu chichiri kuoneka zvakajeka muDuhatao.
Chimwe chezvikonzero nei chidimbu ichi chegungwa, kubva kuAncud kumaodzanyemba nePacific, Ichiri kushaya vanhu uye ine maguta mashoma.Ndiyo mamiriro ekunze akaoma uye kusangana negungwa rakavhurika ndizvo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa pachitsuwa ichi. Munhoroondo, nzanga zhinji dzeChiloƩ dzakasarudza kugara munzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa, mumigero yemunyika uye munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Saka, kana munhu asvika kuDuhatao, anonzwa seari kupinda munzvimbo iri kure uye isina kumbobatwa.
Mumusha uyu mudiki uri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, mhuri dzichiri kugara dzakazvipira kuna kukohwewa kwehove dzegungwa nehove dzegungwaKuchengetedza hukama hwakananga negungwa. Yakapoteredzwa nesango guru remuno, makomo akafukidzwa nemiti, mafuro anotenderera uye matombo anowira mugungwa, zvichiita kuti pave nenzvimbo yakaita seyakatorwa kubva pane imwe nguva.
Pamusoro pekukwezva kwayo nzvimbo dzakanaka netsika, Duhatao inoonekwa seyakakosha mune zvesainzi: chikamu che inonzi nzvimbo inoputika yeAncudIzvi zvinotsanangura kuvapo kwematombo ebasalt anoshamisa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakaputika dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti nzvimbo iyi ive rabhoritari chaiyo yekunzwisisa nhoroondo yezve geology yeChiloƩ.
Kwakabva makomo anoputika uye kukosha kweDuhatao Bay
Nhoroondo yakadzama yenzvimbo yeDuhatao Zvakanyorwa nematombo, chaizvoizvo. Makore angangoita mamiriyoni makumi maviri apfuura, panguva yeMiocene, nzvimbo yakakura yemakomo anoputika yakamuka mudunhu rava ChiloƩ, zvikaita kuti pave nenzvimbo yemakomo anoputika yeAncud. Panguva dzakasiyana, mhando dzakasiyana dzemagma dzakabuda, idzo dzakaungana kuita mafungu emoto uye matombo anoputika.
Kwemamiriyoni emakore, kuputika kwacho kwakamira, asi matombo akaumbwa munguva iyoyo akaramba ari pachena. Parutivi rwegungwa panowanikwa Duhatao, kushanda nguva dzose kwePacific Ocean nemhepo Ndiyo yave iri iyo yakagadzira zvivakwa izvi zvekare zvemakomo anoputika. Mugumisiro wacho unova maumbirwo akasiyana: mbiru dzebasalt dzakanyatsojeka, mawere ane matanho, zvitsuwa zvine matombo zviri pedyo negungwa, uye mapako akavezwa nekuroverwa nemafungu.
Iyi seti yezvivakwa zvechisikigo, zvinosanganisira zvivakwa zvematombo zvakabva pamakomo anoputika uye zvifananidzo zvemahombekombe zvine mavara akajekaUyu muenzaniso wezvinozivikanwa senhaka yenyika. Pfungwa iyi inosanganisira nzvimbo dzezvepasi rose nezviratidzo zvadzo, nekuda kwesainzi, dzidzo, tsika, uye nzvimbo dzakanaka, zvinoumba chikamu chenhaka yechisikigo yenyika uye zvinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa nekusimudzirwa.
Mahombekombe nenzvimbo dzine matombo edunhu iri zvinoratidza pachena humbowo hwezviitiko zvemakomo ekare iwayo. Kune mapuranga ebasalt akafanana neaya anoonekwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekumadokero kwemahombekombe eAncud, uye mapuratifomu ane matombo uko zvidimbu, kupwanyika, uye magadzirirwo anoratidzwa nekuoma kwelava kana yakabatana nemvura kana yakafumurwa nekukukurwa kwevhu kunotevera zvinoonekwa. Zvese izvi zvinoita kuti Duhatao ive nzvimbo inonyanya kufarira zvepasi rose nedzidzo, yakakodzera mafambiro anotungamirirwa kana kushanya kunodudzira.
Kukosha uku kwepasi kunoenderana nekunzwa kwekuva munzvimbo isina kubatwa zvakanyanya nemabasa evanhu. Zvakajairika kuwana matombo asina kubatwa, zvinomera zvinobuda mamita mashoma kubva kumucheto kwedombo uye maonero akanaka pamusoro pePacific, izvo zvinoita kuti munhu akwanise kukoshesa simba rezvisikwa rakaumba nzvimbo iyi.
Nzvimbo, mhuka uye mamiriro ekunze eDuhatao
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinofadza zvikuru zveDuhatao imhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzenzvimbo dzakaungana munzvimbo diki. Murwendo rumwe chete, unogona kubva minda mikuru inotenderera yegirinhi rakasimba kumawere anoshamisa, kuzopedzisira wafamba pasi pemumvuri wesango remuno rine hunyoro uye gobvu uko gungwa risinganzwike zvakanaka.
Mafuro nemakomo akapoteredza, ane fenzi, dzimba diki, nemhuka dzinofura, zvinoyeuchidza mufananidzo wakajairika we kumaruwa eChiloƩAsi sezvaunosvika kumahombekombe, nzvimbo yacho inova yakaoma: mipata inoonekwa, maonero echisikigo anotarisa gungwa nematombo matema anorohwa nemafungu, kunyanya zvinoshamisa pamazuva ane gungwa rakavhuvhuta.
Sango rakakomberedza Duhatao rakaumbwa ne mhando dzemiti inogara yakasvibira dzemunoine nzvimbo ine huswa hunyoro uko mosses, ferns, uye lianas zvinokura zvakanaka. Munzvimbo iyi, mhuka dzesango dzinoshanda zvikuru. Zvakajairika kunzwa, pane kuona, shiri diki dzakadai se chucao tapaculo, nerwiyo rwayo rune simba runoita serunobva mukati mesango, kana kuti rayadito, iyo inowanzo famba nekukurumidza pakati pemapazi nemiti.
Unogonawo kuona fio-fios nemarudzi akasiyana e Mhumbhi dzerudzi rwehummingbird dzichibhururuka pakati pemaruva nemakwenziTichishandisa mukana wekuwanda kwemuti wemugungwa unobva mumiti yemuno, kuchinja pakati peruzha rwegungwa richirovera pamawere neruzha rwesango, rwunoimbwa neshiri, chimwe chezviitiko zvinonyatsosiyanisa manzwiro echikamu ichi chegungwa rePacific reChiloƩ.
Mamiriro ekunze, ayo anodzorwa nehunyoro uye mvura inonaya nguva nenguva, anobatsira kuti nzvimbo yacho igare yakasvibira uye yakasvibira gore rose. Mazuva ane makore kana mhute anoita kuti Duhatao igare mamiriro ekunze asinganzwisisike uye anonakidza kutora mifananidzoYakanakira avo vanofarira kutora mifananidzo yechiedza chakapfava, musiyano uripo pakati pegirinhi remiti negrey redenga, kana furo jena regungwa richipwanya matombo.
Nzira, nzvimbo dzekuona zvinhu uye "Chile Trail" muDuhatao
Nzvimbo ine matombo iri pedyo inoita kuti Duhatao ive nzvimbo yakanaka kune avo vanonakidzwa nekufamba netsoka vasinganetseki. Kubva mumusha wacho nepedyo nawo... nzira dziri chikamu che "Chile Trail", network yenzira dzinotsvaga kubatanidza nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenyika kuburikidza nenzira dzekuzvivaraidza uye kusangana nezvisikwa.
Nzira idzi dzinokutendera kuti uongorore zvikamu zvepamusoro zvemawere, kwaunogona kuwana maonero akanaka egungwa nePacific Ocean, zvakaita senzvimbo dzemasango nemafuro emunyika. Munzira, kune nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekuona zvinhu apo zvakakodzera kumira kuti ufungisise nezvenzvimbo yacho, kutora mifananidzo, uye kungoteerera zvakatipoteredza.
Mafambiro ari munzvimbo iyi anowanzoitwa ne kuoma kwakaderera kusvika pakati nepakatiKunyange zvazvo nzvimbo yacho ichigona kutsvedza kana mvura yanaya, izvo zvakajairika muChiloƩ, zvinokurudzirwa kupfeka shangu dzakakodzera dzevhu uye mbatya dzinodziya dzisingapindi mvura kunyangwe muzhizha, sezvo mamiriro ekunze pano achichinja-chinja uye mhepo yePacific inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya tembiricha inoonekwa.
Nekuda kwekuti ichiri nzvimbo isina vanhu vakawanda, kunyangwe mumwaka wekunaya kwemvura zvinokwanisika kunakidzwa. zvikamu zvenzira zviri zvogaIzvi zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuwanda mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzevashanyi. Zvinoita kuti munhu anzwe achitsvaga nzvimbo iri kure yepasi rose, iyo yakakodzera kune avo vanoda kutiza mapoka evanhu.
Uyezve, Duhatao inzvimbo inokosheswa zvikuru nevanofarira kutora mifananidzo yezvisikwa. Mwenje yakapfava, zvinomera zvakasvibira, mhute dzimwe nguva, uye matombo anoputika Vanopa mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu zvakapfuma. Kutaura zvazviri, nzendo dzakawanda dzekutora mifananidzo dzinoongorora kuchamhembe kweChiloƩ dzinosanganisira nzvimbo iyi pakati penzvimbo dzavanofanira kuona.
Maitiro ekusvika kuparadhiso yechisikigo yeDuhatao
Chimwe chezvakanakira nzvimbo iyi ndechekuti, nepo ichichengetedza mamiriro ekunze ari kure, Kupinda muDuhatao kubva kuAncud kuri nyore kwazvoKureba kwenguva kunosvika hafu yeawa nemotokari yega, chero bedzi mamiriro ekunze nemugwagwa zvichikodzera.
Kana uri kufamba nemotokari, unofanira kubva kuAncud uchienda ne nzira W20Mushure memakiromita angangoita gumi nemaviri, mugwagwa uyu unosangana ne nzira W220iyo inotungamira kumahombekombe uko Duhatao iri. Nzira iyi inopfuura nemuminda nemisha midiki yekumaruwa, ine zvikamu uko hunhu hwesango hwemahombekombe ePacific eChiloƩ hwatove pachena.
Kune avo vasina mota dzavo, pane sarudzo yekushandisa zvifambiso zveveruzhinji. Mabhazi anobva kuAncud. mabhazi achienda kuPumillahue, imwe nzvimbo iri kumahombekombe eguta. Kana wasvika kuPumillahue, chinhu chinowanzoitwa kutora tekisi kana kutakurwa kwemuno kuti upedze chikamu chekupedzisira cherwendo rwekuenda kuDuhatao, uchironga zvekutora rwendo rwekudzoka usati wasvika.
Zvinokurudzirwa kuronga nguva yako zvakanaka, kunyanya panguva yekuzorora, sezvo Mafambiro ebhazi anogona kunge asiri akanyanya kukwira Matekisi munzvimbo idzi dzekumaruwa haawanzo kuwanikwa ipapo ipapo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti utarise kuAncud kuti uwane nguva dzakagadziridzwa uye kuti ungangochinja sei nzira, kunyanya pamazuva ane mamiriro ekunze akaipa.
Chero zvazvingava, mugwagwa wekupinda watova chikamu chezviitiko: sezvaunofamba kubva pakati peguta reAncud, kunzwa kwekupinda mu nzvimbo iri kuramba ichiderera uye isina vanhu vakawanda Zvinova pachena, chimwe chinhu chinokugadzirira zviri kumirira iwe muDuhatao.
Runako rweChiloƩ nemahombekombe egungwa rePacific reAncud
Kuti tinzwisise zvizere kuti nei Duhatao yakasiyana zvikuru, zvinobatsira kurangarira mamiriro akakura eChiloƩ Island. Iyi nharaunda yakakura yechitsuwa, iri kumaodzanyemba kweChile, yagara kwemazana emakore yakaparadzana nenyika huru, ine nharaunda dzakabatana zvikuru negungwa nekurimaMamiriro ekunze ekunaya kwemvura, ivhu rakaorera, uye kuvapo kwemasango akakora zvakakanganisa mararamiro evagari vemo.
MuChiloƩ, vanosanganisa nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzetsika nedzechisikigo: dzimba dzaCastro dzakagadzirwa nematanda, dzakavakwa pamatanda ari pamhenderekedzo yegungwa repakati penyika; machechi emapuranga akaziviswa seNzvimbo dzeNhaka Dzepasi Pose; nzvimbo inozivikanwa yekudya, uko ndiro dzakadai semilcaos necuranto dzinoonekwa; uye nzvimbo yakazara nengano, ngano nenyaya dzinotaurwa dzichiri kupfuudzwa pakati pezvizvarwa.
Kunyange zvazvo nzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa dzechitsuwa, dzakatarisana negungwa remukati menyika, dzakakura zvakanyanya, gungwa rakavhurika kuenda kuPacific munharaunda yeAncud Yakaramba isina vanhu vakawanda. Saka, nhasi inoonekwa seimwe yenzvimbo dzisina masango uye dzisina nyonganyonga muChiloƩ, ine mahombekombe marefu ane masango, nzvimbo dzine mvura, uye mahombekombe asina vanhu.
Pamhenderekedzo yegungwa rePacific iyi, nzvimbo dzakadai seRwizi rweChepu nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza dzinoonekwa zvakanyanya. nzvimbo yakakura ine mvura, yakakodzera kutarisa shiri nekufamba nechikepe, nzvimbo yePiƱihuil penguin, kwaunogona kuona mapoka emapenguin emarudzi akasiyana, kana nzvimbo dzekumaruwa nedzemahombekombe pedyo neCucao, kumucheto kwekumadokero kweChiloƩ National Park.
Duhatao inosanganiswa nemufananidzo uyu wenzvimbo dzakanaka senzvimbo chaiyo, uko Hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevagari vayo huchiri kutenderera pagungwa nesangoKukura kwayo kudiki uye nzvimbo yayo yakakomberedzwa nezvisikwa zvinoita kuti ive nzvimbo yakakwana kune avo vanoda kuwedzera kushanya kwavo kunzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzeChiloƩ dzine mamiriro ekunze akanyarara uye asinganyanyi kushanyirwa.
Zvinokurudzirwa uye kushanya zvine hungwaru muDuhatao
Kunyangwe Duhatao isiri nzvimbo yekushanyirwa kwevanhu vakawanda kana nzvimbo ine zvivakwa zvakawanda zvekushanyirwa, ndipo chaipo pane chimwe chezvinhu zvinokwezva vashanyi. Ruzivo rwainopa nderwemunhu kushanya kudiki, kwakabatana zvakanyanya nenzvimbo yechisikigouko muenzi anogona kunakidzwa nemaonero akanaka akadzikama uye asingakurumidzi.
Pakati pezviitiko zvinokurudzirwa kungofamba-famba mumusha, uchitevera zvikamu zvenzira yeSendero de Chile kana nzira dzemunharaunda dzinoenda ku nzvimbo dzekuona, mahombekombe ane matombo nenzvimbo dzine masangoKufamba kwacho zvishoma nezvishoma kunokutendera kuti unzwisise zvinhu zvisingawanzoonekwi: howa pahunde dzemiti, shanduko diki mumiti, ruzha rweshiri, kana hwema hwemunyu hunoyerera mukati menyika.
Kune vanofarira kutora mifananidzo, vangave vanonyanya kugadzira nzvimbo dzakanaka kana mhuka dzesango, nzvimbo iyi yakakodzera. Makoramu ebasalt, matombo ekare akaparadzwa negungwa Uye makore akaderera anowanzo fukidza denga anopa mifananidzo inonakidza zvikuru. Vatori vemifananidzo vazhinji vanofamba nekuchamhembe kweChiloƩ vanosanganisira Duhatao mumafambiro akafara pamhenderekedzo yePacific, vachiisanganisa nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri pedyo.
Kunyange hazvo chinangwa chikuru chiri pakufungisisa nezvezvisikwa uye kufamba munzvimbo dzakatipoteredza, zvakakosha kudzidzira kushanya kwakavimbika kunoremekedza hupenyu hwemunharaunda nenzvimbo zvakatikomberedzaIzvi zvinoreva kusasiya marara, kudzivisa kusiya nzira dzakanyorwa kuitira kuti vasakuvadza zvinomera, kusakanganisa mhuka dzesango uye, kazhinji, kuchengetedza hunhu hwekuchenjera neruremekedzo kuvagari venzvimbo iyi.
Kukosha kweDuhatao sechikamu chenhaka yeChile kunoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuti kushanya kuitwe ne zvinodiwa pakuchengetedza nekudzidzisa zvakatipoteredzaKune vanhu vazhinji, kugara munzvimbo iyi kunogona kuva mukana wakanaka wekufungisisa nezvehukama huripo pakati pemabasa evanhu, maitiro epasi akaumba nzvimbo iyi, uye kudiwa kwekuchengetedza nzvimbo idzi dzakasiyana dzezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Kana zvabatanidzwa, Duhatao inounza pamwe chete nhoroondo yemakomo anoputika, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, tsika dzemuno uye runyararo panzvimbo imwe chete. Munhu wese anoshanyira gungwa iri, riri chinhambwe chehafu yeawa kubva kuAncud, anowana nzvimbo iyo simba rePacific Ocean nenhoroondo ye geology yechitsuwa ichi zvinosangana nehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwenharaunda diki yeChilote inoramba ichitarisa kugungwa kuti iwane rayo rekurarama naro.