Kuwana nezve nzvimbo yepasi muboka renyeredzi uye mu cosmos zvakatsanangurwa zvakanyanya nekuda kweanenge makore 400 eongororo yakaitwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweteresikopu uye yakave yakakwenenzverwa muzana ramakore rapfuura.
Kare zvaifungwa kuti Pasi ndicho chakanyanya kutariswa muchadenga, icho chaidavirwa kuti chinoitwa chete nenyeredzi dzinoonekwa nemaziso uye nechidimbu chenyeredzi chaidzo.
Zvino, kubva pakubvumwa kweheliocentrism muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, kuongorora kwakasiyana kwevazivi venyeredzi kwakafumura kuti Zuva rakawanikwa mukati menguva yakawanda. girazi ine chinomiririra dhisiki nedzimwe nyeredzi. Ukuwo, muzana remakore rechiXNUMX, zvakacherechedzwa naEdwin Hubble nezvemapoka enyeredzi anotenderera akawana kuti Gwara Renzou rakanga riri rimwe remabhiriyoni ari muchadenga chinotambarara, chakaungana pamwe chete. cumulus makore uye super cumulus.
Pashure paikoko, mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi 1.000, kurongeka kwenguva dzose kwechisiko chapose pose chinooneka kwakanga kwava kujeka zvikuru, namasumbu makuru akawanda achigadzira dandemutande guru remafilaments nemisiano.Saizvozvowo, masumbu makuru, mafilaments uye voids ndiwo maumbirwo makuru anofananidzira ari muChadenga atingatarise.Nenzwi rezviri pamusoro, pazvikero zvakatokura (kupfuura XNUMX megaparsecs) Cosmos inofanana, nemamwe mazwi, zvikamu zvaro zvese zvine, paavhareji, kubatana kwakafanana, chimiro uye kuumbwa.
Sezvo kuchidavirwa kuti cosmos harina pakati uye harina miganhu, hapana nzvimbo chaiyo yekucherechedza yokudhirowa nzvimbo yepasi muboka renyeredzi. Inogona kunge yakabatana nenzvimbo Pasi maererano nemagadzirirwo akatemerwa aripo muzvikero zvakawanda. Mafungiro mazhinji akataurwa pamusoro pechadenga chedu senge hupamhi hwayo husingagumi kana kuwanikwa kwayo kunokwanisika panguva. kuwandaZvisinei, humbowo hwechokwadi hwedzidziso idzi hausati hwawanikwa.
Nzvimbo yepasi mugwara renyeredzi
Kuti uone nzvimbo ye pasi in the girazi Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti iyi iri muLaniakea Supercluster, ungano yematinji makuru emapoka enyeredzi akateedzana kune rimwe nerimwe. Imwe yeiyi ingave iyo nyaya ye supercluster ye Virgo, matiri.
Zvakare, mukati meiyi super cumulus boka diki remakwara enzou ataurwa rinogona kunge risina kuenzana Local Group uko galaxy yedu inowanikwawo. Nezve pamusoro apa, the Milky Way, Andromeda, iyo Triangulum Galaxy uye mamwe ma satellites ari chikamu cheLocal Group. The Milky Way iguru renzou uye Nyika iri mune rimwe reMilky Way's helix arms yakanzi Orion ruoko.
Gwara renzou redu idenderedzwa rinotenderera
Kuedza kutsvaga nzvimbo yedu pakati pe100.000 mamirioni enyeredzi, isu tisingakwanise kufamba kupfuura nyeredzi yedu pachedu, kwakafanana nekuyedza mepu yesango pamwe neimwe yaro. miti. Zvizhinji kana zvishoma isu taizove neruzivo rwepedyo rwekumiririra kwayo.
Kana tikatarisa denga tinosiyanisa bhande risina kujairika rinokura pamusoro pedenga. The nyeredzi vanosangana zvakakwana uye zvakaenzana mumutsara, vachiongorora nzvimbo paaxis apo musangano wakakura. Tsvakurudzo iyi inodzidzisa kuti Gwara redu renzou idhisiki rakati sandara rine nyeredzi dzakawanda, isu takarara pane imwe nzvimbo pedyo nendege yemupendero.
Isu tinogara mune rimwe remaoko
Kuiswa kwe Sol, uye naizvozvo iyo yeSolar System, mugwara redu renzou inogona kuzivikanwa nekuverenga nzira yatinogara kubva kunyeredzi dzatinoona. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX, musayendisiti William Herschel akaedza kuzviita, achisvika pakutorwa kwokuti pasi redu riri pakati pegore rine disk silhouette inoumbwa nenyeredzi.
Zvisinei, Herschel akanga asingazivi kuti kumiririrwa kwezvimedu zviduku zveguruva re astral kwakaita kuti chiedza chenyeredzi idzo dzakanga dziri kure kubva pakati penyika. Milky Way yakanga yakasviba.
Taiita setiri mukati megore, sezvataigona kuona mhiri kwaro mumativi ose. Zvakare, kushinga kweizvi edzedzero harisi basa riri nyore. Nekuferefeta chinhu kana the Pasi iri munzvimbo mbiri dzakapesana dzekutenderera kwaro pedyo neZuva, zvinokwanisika kuverenga shanduko munzvimbo inofungidzirwa yechinhu ichi muhumambo hwekudenga, mukuenzanisa nekumashure kwezvimiro zviri kure. Iyi nzira inodaidzwa kuti parallax uye inotibvumira kumisa mawedzero nemazvo nekushandisa trigonometry.
Nezve pamusoro apa, apo iyo nyeredzi Shapley akanzwa nzira yake kumapoka makuru enyeredzi anotaurwa mumasumbu epasi rose. Akaona kuti dzakatenderedzwa dzakatendereka dzinenge 100.000 light-years mu radius, dziri pakati peimwe nzvimbo muboka renyeredzi reSagittarius. Panyaya iyi, Shapley akasvika pamhedziso yokuti kutanga kweboka renyeredzi ndiro axis yegwara redu renzou. Saka kuti Solar System inofanira kunge iri munzvimbo pakati pePerseus neSagittarius, zvichikonzera hurukuro yakawanda pakati pekuti isu tiri mune ruoko rwakazvimiririra kana kuti chirevo chekupedzisira i "zambuko" pakati pekare.
Mumakore achangopfuura, masayendisiti akasiyanisa mufananidzo watinoziva iye zvino nezve nzvimbo yepasi mu girazi, uchishandisa zvakasiyana-siyana zveredhiyo, zvinoonekwa, infrared, uye kunyange x-ray astral sainzi maitiro ekuzadza data: nzvimbo yemaoko emhepo, makore emhute neguruva, kuungana kwezvinhu, zvichingodaro.
Mhedziso pamusoro penzvimbo yepasi muboka renyeredzi
Nyika yedu iri mu cosmos kunyanya mu supercluster ye mapoka enyeredzi Virgo. Kuti tive neruzivo rwakadzama, super cluster iboka remapoka enyeredzi anouya pamwechete kuburikidza nekuita kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi. Zvakare, mukati meichi sumbu repamusoro tiri muunganidziro diki yemapoka enyeredzi akasarudzwa kuti Local Group.
Muchiitiko ichi, the Pasi iri chaizvo mumukaka, iro rechipiri rakakura galaxy muLocal Group. Nenzira iyi, nebula yedu iguru renyeredzi. Kune rumwe rutivi, pasi riri mune rimwe remaoko anotenderera eGwara Renzou (rinodudzwa ruoko rweOrion) iro rinenge 2/3 zvidimbu zvenzira kubva muaxis yeboka renyeredzi. Saka isu tinova chikamu cheSolar System. Boka renyeredzi pfumbamwe, pamwe nemakometi akawandisa uye ma asteroid ari kufamba achitenderera Zuva.Saizvozvowo, zvakakosha kuziva kuti pasi ipuraneti yechitatu kubva panzvimbo yeZuva muSolar System.
Kutenderedza pamusoro apa, Nyika iri mune imwecheteyo Solar System inowanikwa mune yambotaurwa "Orion Arm”, chinhu chiri chikamu chenebula yedu, iyo Milky Way, isu tasvika zviuru makumi maviri neshanu emakore echiedza kubva ku astral centre.
Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, yedu pasi imutumbi mudiki wakafanana wakarasika munzvimbo yepasi. Zviyero zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadai sedimension, hukuru, ikozvino, pakati pezvimwe, hazvina kukodzera kana zvichienzaniswa nehukuru hukuru hwechisiko chapose pose, nemamwe mashoko, hazvitore chikamu chinodiwa uye haisi iyo nyeredzi chete inozivikanwa kusvika zvino.
Pakupedzisira, zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti nzvimbo yacho pasi mugwara renzou ichokwadi chine hukama nesolar system uye izvi hazvina kunyanya kuumbwa nepasi redu sezvo richitenderera pamwe chete nedzimwe nyeredzi nomwe, pedyo nenyeredzi inonzi. Sol.
