Chifananidzo cheRusununguko muUnited States chiratidzo uye pfuma yenyika. Ndicho chimwe chezvifananidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi rose, uye gore rega rega vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni mana vanokoshesa hukuru hwechiratidzo ichi cherusununguko, kurudziro, uye tariro.
Kana muchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvenhoroondo nekwakabva Statue of Liberty muNew York, tichakuudzai pazasi.
Ndeipi nyaya yeStatue of Liberty?
Muna 1865, muimbi wekuFrance Auguste Bartholdi akafunga zano rekupa chipo kuvanhu vekuUnited States kubva kuFrance. Semutsigiri weUnited States ane shungu, aida kurangarira makore zana eDeclaration of Independence yenyika.
Mumakore iwayo, hukama hwepedyo hwaivepo pakati penyika mbiri idzi, uye akabayiwa mwoyo zvikuru nekubviswa kweuranda muUnited States munguva pfupi yapfuura. Chiitiko ichi chakasimudzira pfungwa dzerusununguko nekuenzana pakati pevagari vese vemuUnited States. Dhizaini yechifananidzo ichi ine zviratidzo zvakawanda, sezvamunoona. Uyezve, nhoroondo yacho yakabatana nekushanduka kwerusununguko neunyanzvi munguva dzakasiyana, musoro waunogona kuongorora muchikamu chedu chenhoroondo yeunyanzvi.
Ko Statue of Liberty yaitsigirwa sei nemari?
Mari yakaunganidzwa uye mari yakawanda yekubatsira vanhu vega yakapihwa kuti vatange kugadzira Statue of Liberty muFrance. VaFrance ndivo vaizobhadhara mari yekugadzira chifananidzo chose, ukuwo vanhu vekuAmerica vaizobhadhara mari yekuvaka chivakwa chacho paLiberty Island nhasi.
Kuti vaunganidze mari, maFrench akashandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana, sekuronga zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zveveruzhinji, lottery, kana mipiro yakazvimirira kubva kumabhizinesi eFrance. Vanhu vekuAmerica, sechikamu chavo, vakaita zviitiko zverudo zvakati wandei uye zviratidziro zvehunyanzvi kuti vatsigire pedestal, zvichiratidza kuzvipira kwesangano reAmerica kune chikonzero cherusununguko.
Pasinei nekuedza kwose kwakaitwa nenyika mbiri idzi, kuunganidza mari yakakwana yekuvaka chigadziko ichi kwainonoka. Muna 1885, Joseph Pulitzer akasarudza kuburitsa chiziviso mupepanhau rake, New York Times, achikoka vaverengi vake vese kuti vape zvipo kuchinangwa ichi. Pakupedzisira, vakakwanisa kuunganidza mari inosvika $100.000, uye nekuda kwepfungwa iyi yakanaka, chigadziko chechifananidzo ichi chakavakwa.
Kuvakwa kwechifananidzo ichi kwakapedzwa muFrance muna Chikunguru 1884. Chifananidzo ichi chikuru chakamira pamusoro pematenga eParis, chichimirira rwendo rwacho mugungwa—chiitiko chaizoratidza chitsauko chitsva munhoroondo yeChifananidzo cheRusununguko. Unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nezve zvivakwa zvikuru paGomo reRushmore.
Mugore iroro, mugadziri Richard Morris akasarudzwa, pakati pevamwe vavaki venguva iyoyo, kuti agadzire chigadziko chegranite chechivezwa chikuru, icho chaizove chiratidzo chezvivakwa uye hunyanzvi mumamiriro eiyo Statue of Liberty's history.
Rwendo rweStatue of Liberty
Kuti varonge rwendo rweStatue of Liberty rwekuyambuka Atlantic, mbuya ava vakaderedzwa kusvika pa350 zvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana ndokuiswa mumabhokisi anopfuura 200.
Ngarava yakabva kuFrance ikasvika kuNew York Harbor musi wa17 Chikumi 1885. Chifananidzo chacho chakaramba chiri zvidimbu kusvika basa repachitsiko rapera muna Kubvumbi 1886.
Nhoroondo yeStatue of Liberty nechitsuwa chayo inochinja nguva dzose. Kwemazana emakore, chitsuwa ichi chaive chakakosha, chakatanga kugarwa nemaNative America uye gare gare nevagari vekuDutch. Muna 1807, U.S. Army yakavaka nzvimbo yemauto pachitsuwa ichi ndokuvaka nhare yekudzivirira New York Harbor. Nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, kugadzirwa kweStatue of Liberty chiratidzo chakasimba chechitsuwa ichi, sezvo zviitiko zvakawanda zvenhoroondo zvakaitika ikoko zvakaumba hunhu hwenyika—dingindira rinoratidzwawo mungano nengano.
Torch
Muvezi wekuFrance akanzwa kuti mwenje wacho haufanirwe kubatidzwa nemoto , sezvo izvi zvaigona kuisa chifananidzo panjodzi nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwengura iyo moto waigona kukonzera kuzvinhu zvepakutanga.
Saka, ndiro yemhangura yakasimba, ine ruvara rwegoridhe yakaiswa panzvimbo yayo kuitira kuti ipenye masikati. Munguva yayo yekutanga yemakumi mashanu emakore, mwenje uyu wakagadziriswa kakawanda. Kutaura zvazviri, apo Lady Liberty yakavhurwa muna 1886, mitsara miviri yemaburi yakachekwa mumhangura iri pasi pemwenje kuti ivhenekere kubva kunze nemukati—sarudzo itsva munhoroondo yeStatue of Liberty.
Makore mashoma gare gare, bhandi regirazi remainji 18 rakatsiva mutsetse wepamusoro wemaburi emadziro uye denga repamusoro repiramidhi rine girazi dzvuku, jena uye yeyero rakaiswa pamusoro pemurazvo.
Kuchinja kwacho kwakaramba kuripo kusvika muna 1916, apo mhangura yakabviswa zvachose ndokutsiviwa negirazi rine ruvara rweamber, zvichiratidza kuti maonero echifananidzo akachinja sei mumakore apfuura, maitiro anoonekwawo muhunyanzvi hwechiHindu.
Muna 1931, sisitimu itsva yemwenje yakaiswa, yaida kugadzira maburi maviri muchikamu chetochi, umo mapurojekiti akati wandei akaiswa achitevedzera murazvo.
Nekuda kwekudonha kwemvura uye ngura kubva mukufamba kwenguva, musi wa4 Chikunguru 1984, chikamu chemwenje chepakutanga chakatsiviwa nekopi yakafanana.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinonakidza zvaunoziva nezveStatue of Liberty muNew York?