ari Mwedzi wemars Iyo inyaya inonakidza kwazvo mune yemazuva ano yekuongorora nyeredzi, zvese nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuumbwa kwavo uye kunamatira sema satellite epasi dzvuku, uye nebumbiro ravo nemabasa, izvo zvisina kunyatsofanana neayo eMwedzi wepasi redu. Kana iwe uchida kupinda zvakadzama muchinyorwa ichi, unogona kuverenga nezve masatellite eMars.
Wanga uchiziva here kuti Mars, nyika yakavakidzana nesu mune inotenderera zuva, ine mwedzi miviri pachinzvimbo cheimwe, sepaPasi?
Hongu, muvakidzani wedu mutsvuku ane maviri echisikigo satellite kana mwedzi: Phobos y ngatitii Ose ari maviri akawanikwa muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, chaizvo musi waNyamavhuvhu 12, 1877 neAmerican astronomer Asaph Hall.
Kudziwana raive basa guru rekuongorora nyeredzi kwenguva iyoyo nekuda kwekuva pedyo kwenzira dzemwedzi dzakatenderedza Mars, izvo zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kunetsa kuwana nekuda kwekupenya kwepasi, kunyanya tichifunga kuti, semwedzi, ese ari madiki chaizvo. Muchiitiko ichi, munhu anogona kunzwisisa kukosha kwekuziva kuda kuziva nezve solar system.
Kuti aite izvi, Hall akashandisa 66-centimita refractor inowanikwa mu Washington Naval Observatory, muUnited States, iyo, seidi rinoda kuziva, yakanga iri mucherechedzi mukurusa uye ane simba zvikurusa weteresikopu wenguva yacho.
Mwedzi miviri midiki uye haina kurongeka muchimiro, kutaura zvazviri, iwo akafanana neasteroids kupfuura Mwedzi wedu, uyo nekuda kwehukuru hwawo wakatenderera zvachose muchimiro.
Kufungidzira kusati kwawanikwa Mwedzi yeMars
Kunyange zvazvo Mwedzi miviri yeMars yakawanikwa muna 1877, fungidziro dzekutanga pamusoro pekuvapo kwavo dzakatangira makore anopfuura 200 uye dzinonzi dzakakonzerwa nemuzivi wemuchadenga wekuGermany. Johannes kepler, uyo aifunga kuti kuumbwa kwezuva kunofanira kudzorwa newirirano yenhamba iyo Pythagoras akanga aronga ibasa rake.
Unoda kuziva zvakawanda nezvebasa rinonakidza remusayendisiti uyu? Usapotsa chinyorwa chedu pane zvinonakidza hupenyu nebasa raJohannes Kepler
Mafungiro akashandiswa naKepler kutsigira dzidziso yake yokuti Mars ine mwedzi miviri yakanga yakapfava zvikuru: pasi redu, Pasi, riri mudenderedzwa rezuva rechitatu rine Mwedzi mumwe bedzi uye Jupiter yakanga iri munzvimbo yechishanu uye panguva iyo yaidavirwa kuti chete. aiva nemwedzi mina nekuti panguva iyoyo chete 4 Galilean satellites. Pane hukama hunonakidza pakati pekufunga uku uye dzidziso ye kutenderera uye kududzira kutenderera kweMars.
Saka, nenhamba yenhamba, Mars, iyo yaive pakati pekutenderera pakati pezviviri, yakawana mwedzi miviri.
Zvechokwadi data iyo Kepler akanga anayo yakanga isina kururama zvachose, sezvakanga zvakaita nheyo yenhamba yekubatana (iyo makore gare gare iye pachake akarasa) uye chokwadi chokuti akanga akarurama pamusoro penhamba yeMwedzi yeMars yakanga isiri chinhu kunze kwechiitiko chinofadza.
Mwedzi yeMars: Nhoroondo yemazita
Yakanga iri Hall pachake, paakavawana, akatarisira kutumidza mwedzi ichangoonekwa yepasi dzvuku. kufona kukuru Phobos uye mudiki pavaviri ndinomudana Deiphos. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve zvakasiyana satellites chaiwo, iyi link ichakubatsira iwe.
Mazita aya anorevei?
Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti Hall akavabhabhatidza achishandisa mazita emapatya aMwari weHondo weRoma, Mars (aizova muenzani weRoma naAres, mwari wehondo wechiGiriki); Phobos (zvinoreva kutya) uye Deimos (kutya).
Asafi Hall haana kumboziva kuti akanga akarurama sei kushandisa “vana” senongedzero yokusarudza mazita emwedzi yeMartian.
Muchidzidzo chakaitwa muna 2018 na Southwest Research Institute MuUnited States, Mwedzi yeMars inogona kunge iri vanasikana vepasi Mars, sezvo maererano nekudzidza, mwedzi inogadzirwa nemaminerari akafanana nepasi pacharo.
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mwedzi miviri yeMars angori matombo maviri makuru akasara akaiswa mumhepo yeMartian mushure mekunge pasi rasangana nekudhumhana kukuru nemumwe mutumbi wedenga (zvichida asteroid hombe) makore angangoita mabhiriyoni mana apfuura, nepo solar system yaive ichiri nharaunda ine hutsinye hwehupenyu. Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve phenomenon ye Rwendo kuMars munyaya inotevera.
Mwedzi yeMars: Phobos
Phobos ndiyo hombe pamwedzi miviri yeMars uye zvakare, pairi miviri, ndiyo iri padyo nepasi, sezvo mwedzi uyu uchitenderera pachinhambwe chemakiromita 9300 chete kubva pamusoro penyika. Kunyanya pedyo, kana tikafunga kuti mwedzi wedu uri 384.000 km kubva paNyika.
Kunyangwe ichionekwa seMwedzi nekuda kwekutenderera kwayo nguva yakatenderedza Mars, inotaridzika zvakanyanya senge asteroid nekuti idiki kwazvo. Phobos inongoyera 29 x 18.4 makiromita uye chimiro chayo hachina kurongeka, sezvingataridzike chero nherera asteroid. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve rudzi urwu rwemitumbi yemudenga, ona chinyorwa chedu mwedzi matombo.
Nekuda kwekuva pedyo kwayo nepasi, Phobos inokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekukweva kwepasi, ichipedzisa kutenderera kwechitenderera munguva ye7.6 maawa chete.
Kunyangwe ichigadzirwa nedombo rakasimba, zvinhu zvayo zvishoma, zvinopa huwandu hukuru hwekutumbuka uye generalized porosity. Izvo zvichangoburwa zvakaonekwa ne probe Mars Global Surveyor ratidza kuti nzvimbo yemwedzi inoumbwa nedhizaini ye regolith anenge 100 metres ukobvu.
Kunyangwe zvichigere kusimbiswa, hazvitaurwe kuti masumbu emvura yakaomeswa nechando, akafanana neanowanikwa paMars, anogona kurara pasi pepamusoro pePhobos. Ichi chiratidzo chichava chakakosha kune exobiology uye hupenyu hwekunze.
Kusiyana neMwedzi wedu, Phobos inogara yakatarisana nenzira imwe chete neMars nekuda kwekuita kwechiitiko chinozivikanwa setidal anchoring, kana kutenderera kwekutenderera, sekuzivikanwa kwazvinoitwa. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti satellite inotora nguva imwe chete kupedzisa kutenderera kwekufamba senguva inotora kuti munhu adzoke ku orbit, saka inogara ichiratidza iyo hemisphere yakafanana kune axis yayo yekutenderera.
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti, nekuda kwedikidiki dzePhobos uye chinhambwe chayo chepedyo kubva pasi, zvishoma nezvishoma inorasikirwa nekumhanya kwayo kwekutenderera nekuda kwekukwezva kwepasi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mwedzi ucharasikirwa nekutenderera kwawo uye uchakanganisa pamusoro peMars mumakore anosvika mamiriyoni makumi mashanu.
Chimwe chinhu chatinofanira kufunga nezvacho kana tichiri kutenda kuti tinogona kumisa makoroni evanhu paMars. Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Mars, shanyira chinyorwa chedu pa Zvinoda kuziva nezve Mars.
Mwedzi yeMars: Deimos
Deimos ndiyo idiki paMwedzi yeMars, zviyero zvichangoburwa zvakaitwa nemaprobes paMars zvakaratidza kuti iyi diki setiraiti yemusikirwo ine dhayamita yemakiromita 12.4 chete pakufara kwayo.
Deimos ndiyo zvakare yekunze kwemwedzi paRed Planet, yakarara pachinhambwe chemakiromita angangoita 23.500 kubva pamusoro peMars. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nguva yekutenderera kwayo inotora nguva yakareba kupfuura iyo yemapatya ayo. Deimos inotora avhareji yemaawa 30.3 kuti ipedze kutenderera kumwe kutenderedza pasi.
Kufanana nePhobos, pamusoro peMwedzi Deimos inogadzirwa zvakanyanya neyakatsetseka-grained regolith. Iyo ine zvakare yakawanda yedombo rakasimba rakagadzirwa nekabhoni.
Mafungiro ekutanga mushure mekuwanikwa kweDeimos aifunga kuti, nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, chimiro, uye maumbirwo, mwedzi uyu waive asteroid yakajairika yaive yavhiringidzwa negiravhiti yeMartian makore anopfuura bhiriyoni matatu apfuura. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvinoratidza kuti mwedzi unogona kunge wakakonzerwa nekudhumhana pakati peMars nemumwe mutumbi mukuru wekudenga, izvo zvaizoita kuti unyatsoenderana nemhepo. mhepo yeMars.
Kucherekedza Deimos kubva kuPasi hakusi nyore nekuti imutumbi wedenga diki uye iri padyo nepasi rayo, yakafukidzwa nekupenya kwekupenya kweMars.
Nekudaro, sezvo nzvimbo inoferefeta yakatumirwa kuferefeta pasi dzvuku, zvave zvichikwanisika kuunganidza chaiyo data pamusoro pekuumbwa kwevhu rayo uye kuvapo kwemaminerari akakosha pamusoro payo.
Chinhu chinonakidza kuziva pamusoro pemwedzi uyu ndechekuti unotenderera pedyo zvakanyanya neMartian equatorial line uye uri mudiki zvekuti haugone kucherechedzwa kubva kuMars kune latitude pamusoro pe83.7°.
