Miscanthus sinensis Ihuswa hunoshingirira zvakanyanya uye yaimbonzi sora asi iyo nhasi inoshandiswa sechirimwa chekushongedza.
Miscanthus sinensis Ndiwo musiyano unonyanya kuzivikanwa wehukuru Miscanthus mhuri. Iyo isingaperi herb yekupisa uye subtropical mavambo, ayo Yakapararira muAfrica nekuMabvazuva.
Kunyangwe nhasi ichishandiswa sechirimwa chekushongedza, hatifanire kurasikirwa nekuona kwechokwadi icho isora ​​nokuti rinokura zvakanyanyisa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaparadzwa dziri kunze kwemaguta. Sezvakaitika kuChina kana Africa.
Uye nei sora rave chirimwa chekushongedza? Nekuda kwekunaka kwayo nekunaka, izvo zvaita chirimwa chinokosheswa. Zvekuti nhasi zvinoonekwa pakati pe zvirimwa zvebindu zvinodzivirira chando uye kunyange imwe ye miti yekushongedza kunyanya kuva nazvo kunyange mumapoto. Kufanana nesora chero ripi zvaro, inokwanisa kubereka nokukurumidza uye inodzivirira kunyange muvhu rakashata uye mamiriro asina kunaka.
Unoronga sei Miscanthus sinensis?
Inowanzozivikanwa se Miscanthus, Eulalia kana Chinese sirivheri uswa, mune botany i chirimwa chinotumbuka wemhuri yehuswa poaceae.
Zita rinobva kupi Miscanthus (Miscanthus)
Zita re botanical rinobva kuLatin miscanthus iro rine mabviro aro muizwi reChigiriki miskos, ndiko kuti, 'dzinde', uye dzinde 'ruva' rinorevei? tichireva mapedunculated spikelets anoisiyanisa.
Izwi sinensis inoratidza kwakabva Chinese kunyangwe chirimwa ichi chinowanikwawo muJapan, Korea, Taiwan uye kunyange muAfrica.
Mhando dze Miscanthus inonyanya kuzivikanwa
Mhuri yese yebotanical ye miscanthus inosanganisira dzinenge makumi maviri emarudzi akasiyana, ose anoshamisa uye akanaka.
Inonyanya kupararira pasina mubvunzo iyi yakasiyana-siyana yatiri kutaura pamusoro payo nhasi, kubva kune yakatevedzana yemiti yakasanganiswa ine zvikamu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana inogadzirwa. Nhasi kune marudzi anosvika mazana maviri emahybrids akapihwa kubva kurudzi sinensis.
Chirimwa ichi chakadii?
Chirimwa chinogona kusvika 150 cm kureba uye 150 cm muhupamhi. Iine chimiro chakasiyana chinova chakachenuruka yero panicle inflorescence. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvionekwe Cortaderia Selloana kana pampas uswa. Kubva kuChina, yakapararira muJapan, Korea neTaiwan. Mudzi wechirimwa ichi rhizome yakasimba kwazvo. Dzinde rinosvika pamamita maviri pakureba, iri dzinde rakamira rine feathery inflorescences kumagumo.
Mashizha ayo ane bhuruu-girinhi, matete ane tsinga dzesirivheri, uye achipeperetswa nemhepo, achiita kakutinhira kanoita kuti zvive zvakasiyana.
ari maruva akaunganidzwa mupanicles kana spikes anoumbwa nemaruva mazhinji madiki esirivha-chena kana orenji-yero anogara pachirimwa kwemwedzi.
Hunhu hwemhando dzakasiyana dzeMiscanthus
Heano mamwe maitiro emhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa:
- Miscanthus sinensis gracillimus. Mhuka iyi inosvika kureba ingangoita 50-60 cm uye chirimwa chinoshongedza chine mashizha egirini akanaka kwazvo. Inogadzirisa zvakanaka kune chero nzvimbo uye inopesana nechando uye kunyange kusanaya kwemvura. Blooms mukuwa uye munguva yose yechando. Yakakwana kumapindu, kunyanya munguva yechando.
- Miscanthus sinensis sacchariflorus. Izvi zvinogona kusvika 2 m kureba uye zvinokura kunyange muvhu rakaoma. Asi haigone kurarama pamvura isingayerere. MunaSeptember inokura maruva epepuru ayo munguva yechando anoshandura sirivha. Iyo yakafanana nemapindu, zvakare munguva yechando, asi inofanirwa kunge iri munzvimbo ine zuva.
- Miscanthus sinensis variegatus. Inokura kusvika 1,5 m kureba uye ine dhayamita ingangoita 50 cm. Mashizha ayo akasvibira ane tsinga dzeyero uye kazhinji anoiswa mumapoto sechirimwa chekushongedza. Maruva epinki anoonekwa akananga kumatsutso anoreruka nekufamba kwenguva.
- Miscanthus sinensis zebrinus. Inokura kusvika pa 1 m kureba uye kusvika masendimita makumi matanhatu yakafara, ine mashizha akakombama ane mitsetse yegoridhe yero. Inokura muvhu rakaoma uye maruva ayo, ayo anotanga pakati paAugust naSeptember, anoramba asina kuchinja kusvikira kutonhora kwechando.
- Miscanthus sinensis purpurascens. Icho chirimwa chinopikisa rustic. Musiyano uyu unoratidzwa nemaruva ayo epepuru anokwiridzirwa kana tembiricha yehusiku ichiwedzera kuoma.
- Miscanthus sinensis 'Morning light'.Uyu ndiwo musiyano mudiki. Ihari yakasanganiswa nekuti haina kukura zvakanyanya. Mashizha ayo ane mitsetse michena uye anoshanduka esirivha kana achipeperetswa nemhepo.
- Miscanthus sinensis strictus. Iine zvisumbu zvakakora zvine mashizha egirinhi mazambiringa ane yero yegoridhe nekuda kweakapfava tufted inflorescence. Nguva yechando yakasimba, inogona kukura zvose muvhu uye muhari dzekunze.
- Miscanthus sinensis giganteus. Iyo ine hunhu hwekuve yakanyanya kukura, chokwadi inosvika 3 m kureba. Yakapararirawo munyika dzinotonhora zvikuru kuchamhembe kweChina neSiberia. Inobata zvakanaka nguva yose yechando. Kukosha kwayo kwekushongedza kunonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwekudzivisa kwayo kutonhora, chaizvoizvo inokwanisa kuramba yakaisvonaka uye izere ne inflorescences kunyange munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze akaoma. Inokwanisa kutora carbon dioxide muhuwandu hukuru. Mukuwedzera, inotarisirwa kugadzirwa kwe biomass. Inoshandiswa semafuta ekudziya nekuti ine goho guru: 1 hekita inorimwa ne gigantic Inogona kugadzira pakati pe20 ne25 matani echinhu chakaoma chekupisa.
Miscanthus sinensis kurimwa
Sezvatataura, chirimwa chinoshingirira kutonhora nekusanaya kwemvura kana ivhu rakaoma. Kuve sora, zviri nyore kukura, kunyanya kana aya matipi akareruka akateedzerwa:
- Kukura muhari. Kunyangwe iri sora rinogona kurimwa mumapoto. Nokuda kweizvi, iyo ad hoc yakasiyana-siyana inofanira kusarudzwa, sezvo haidi nzvimbo yakawanda yekupararira.
- Kurimwa munyika yakazara. Tinogonawo kuririma mubindu repamba. Nekuwedzera kweanopfuura mita imwe paavhareji zvese muhurefu nehupamhi, inogona kuita se ruzhowa windbreak kana sechirimwa chinopatsanura kuwedzera kuvanzika kwegadheni rakazvimiririra. Kukosha kwayo kwekushongedza kunopiwa nemaruva ayo akareba uye anoramba.
- tembiricha nenzvimbo. Inogona kushivirira kutonhora kwechando. Muchokwadi, mamwe marudzi anokwanisa kuramba kusvika -20 °, senge Gigantic. Mamwe marudzi anodzivisa kutonhora, asi kwete chando uye ndicho chikonzero anofanirwa kuchengetedzwa uye shandisa mulch yakanaka. Dzinofanirwa kuchengetwa muzuva kana mumumvuri usina kukwana.
- Nyika. Ivhu rinonyatsovakodzera rinofanira kunge rakaorera, rine peaty uye rakanyorova zvishoma. Kunyanya ivhu rakapfuma muorganic matter uye pamusoro pezvese rakadhindwa zvakanaka.
- Fertilization. Kana chitubu chasvika, zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera yakaoma ternary fertilizer yakapfuma mu nitrogen (N), potasium (K) uye phosphorus (P) kana manyowa ane granulated, ayo anogona kubatsira kukura kwechirimwa chidiki.
- Ruva. Chikamu chekunaka kwechirimwa ichi chiri mumaruva awo, ayo akareba uye asingamiri. Kutumbuka kwayo kunosiyana-siyana maererano nemarudzi akarimwa asi paavhareji inotumbuka pakati paNyamavhuvhu nekupera kwaGumiguru.
- Kuchekerera. Ngatirangarirei kuti isora, saka, rinogona kuita mhirizhonga kana rikasachengetwa. Zvakanakisisa kuita zviito zvekuchera pakupera kwechando chimwe nechimwe. Kuchekerera kunofanira kuitwa nemidziyo yakakodzera uye kupfeka magirovhosi egadheni nekuti mashizha anogona kutyoka.
Nguva uye yakawanda sei yekudiridza Miscanthus sinensis chirimwa
Inoshingirira pakusanaya kwemvura. Sezvimwe huswa, inongoda kudiridzwa nemvura inonaya. Dambudziko nderekuti nekusanduka kwemamiriro ekunze mvura inonaya ishoma nekudaro zviri nani kuidiridza nguva nenguva kana kusanaya. Asi kana tikaenda kure tinoinyudza, tinofanira kuona kuti pasi rine hunyoro hushoma. Zvakwana.
Maitiro ekudzokorora Miscanthus siniensis
Isora rinoparadza, saka rinowanda nenzira inoparadza, saka unofanirwa kuchenjerera kuti haripindire zvimwe zvirimwa mubindu. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana uchida kuidyara unogona kushandisa:
- Mbeu. Kudyarwa kwechirimwa kunoitwa pakati paKurume naApril. Kana mbeu ikamera, mushure memavhiki maviri, inogona kuiswa muhari, ichiichengeta kure nekutonhora kwakanyanya uye chando. Gore rinotevera, mbeu inenge yakasimba zvokuti inogona kuiswa zvachose muvhu.
- Nekupatsanura. Muchirimo kana matsutso, mbeu inodzika midzi muhari uye inodyarwa mushure megore.
Isu tingabatanidza sei Miscanthus sinensis nemimwe zvirimwa mubindu
Mashizha emuti wacho anopeperetswa nemhepo uye anobudisa ruzha rwakapfava apo inflorescences yesirivha inoita seinobata chiedza kunyange munguva yechando. Izvo zvinovaita vakanaka mubindu, uye vanosanganiswa nyore nyore nezvirimwa zvakaita se bamboo, rosehip, rudbeckia, Heliopsis helianthoides, sedum, Achillea rubus, Icylindrical mperata 'Red Baron'…
Chii chinokubata iwe?
Icho chirimwa cherustic uye chinodzivirira zvakanaka kurwiswa kwezvipembenene zvakaita seaphid uye mealybugs. Nekudaro, kune fungal zvirwere zvinogona kuiuraya senge plant ngura, izvo zvinoitika nemavara mashava pamashizha. O zvakanaka mudzi unoora nokuda kwemvura yakanga isingayereri pasi.
Kuda kuziva nezve Miscanthus
Pane zvimwe zvinonakidza chokwadi zvaunofanira kuziva nezve chirimwa ichi, sekuti chinochenesa sei ivhu resimbi inorema uye zvimwe zvinokuvadza. Inoshandiswa semulch mukurima uye semubhedha nevarimi vemakwai. Mhando yegiganteus inorimwa kugadzira biomass iyo ichashandiswa kupisa nenzira yezvakatipoteredza.
Chirimwa chine chepfu here?
Haina chepfu kuvanhu kana mhuka.