MuMesopotamia yekare, vamwari vakawanda vaitonga guta racho. Mumwe nemumwe wavo aishumirwa uye anoyemurwa nevakatendeka vavo ivo vakavaitira zvipiriso zvinokosha, kunze kwokuvabudisa vachiita mudungwe nokuzvinamata.
Izwi rengano dzeMesopotamia, rinoshandiswa kudoma ngano dzese dzezvakasiyana magariro enharaunda. VaSumer vaiita chitendero chaiva nevamwari vakasiyana-siyana., madhimoni nemidzimu zvaimiririra masimba akasiyana kana kuti kuvapo.
Mune ino post, Tiri kuzoongorora vamwari vakasiyana veMesopotamia avo vakanyanya kukosha kune budiriro. Muzvitendero zvavo, zvinoonekwa kuti vanamwari ava ndivo vakasika vanhu pakutanga kuti vave varanda vavo. Pamusoro pezvo, kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve maitiro uye zvipo zvakaitwa nebudiriro idzi, unogona kubvunza zvakawanda nezve kupa kudutu.
Nhoroondo yevamwari veMesopotamia
Vamwari veMesopotamia, Iboka ravamwari vainamatwa nevagari venharaunda dzeMesopotamia.. Zviumbwa zvehumwari izvi zvairatidzwa nekuonekwa kwavo kweanthropomorphic uye nekuita tsika dzakanyanya kufanana nedzevanhu.
Tsika dzatiri kutaura idzi ndedzekuroora, kuberekana nekutsvaga vana, kurwa nezvimwe. Zvinonzi mwari ava ndivo vakasika vanhu. nechinangwa chekuti vave varanda vavo uye vakaita kuti hupenyu hwavo huve nyore nerubatsiro rwavo.
Sezviri mungano dzose, kune nyaya dzinogona kana kuti dzisiri dzechokwadi. Pakati pavamwari veMesopotamia, zvinonzi vaitsiva pamwe chete nehutsinye, vachiratidza kuti havana tsitsi pamberi pengoni dzavanhu. Maererano nengano, vanamwari ava vaiwanzomirirwa mutemberi dzemaguta, zvichiratidza kukosha kwezvivako zvechitendero mu Kubudirira kweMesopotamia.
Imwe yenyaya dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa inotaura nezvemunhu akaipa uyu inyaya yeMafashamo. Mariri panoratidzwa samwari Enlil anoita sarudzo yekupedzisa vanhu nekuda kwekuita ruzha uye kusamubvumira kurara.
Neiyi pfungwa yekutyisa, tinosvika pane yakakosha poindi uye ndizvozvo vamwari vorudzidziso urwu vakanga vasinganamatwa nokuda kworudo asi zvakapesana zvikuru, zvinodavirwa kuti vaitaura kutenda ikoko pamusana pokutya uye kuzviisa pasi pokutsiviwa.
Rimwe nerimwe reguta reMesopotamia, sezvatataura, rakanga riine mwari waro akanga ari mutakuri wedziviriro yenzvimbo iyoyo. Imwe neimwe terreiro yaive yamwari uye ndiko kwaifanira kuvakwa temberi nematombo mukukudzwa kwake., kuwedzera pakuronga mitambo yezvipo neminyengetero.
vamwari vanokosha veMesopotamian
Kune mazana emazita evamwari veMesopotamia, asi kune vamwari veboka rimwe vakatanhamara kupfuura rimwe. Muchikamu chino tichakupa zita vamwe vamwari vakatanhamara vorudzidziso.
nilil
Mumagariro ekare eSumerian, izvi mwarikadzi akanga ane hukama nemhepo. Zita rake rekutanga ndiSud, asi akatumidzwa zita rekuti Ninlil mushure mekuroora Enlil.
Zvinyorwa zvekare zveMesopotamia zvinoti Ninlil aigara munzvimbo yekutengeserana yeDilmun uye rimwe zuva. akasarudza kugeza murwizi murwizi akashama, kwaakatorwa nechisimba naEnlil. Izvi zvakaita kuti Enlil adzingwe pasi, asi akasarudza kumutevera.
Kunobva: https://hmn.wiki/en/Enlil_and_Ninlil
Enlil
Sezvatataura, mukati mechitendero chekare cheSumer, mwari uyu ainzi mwari wepasi, wedenga nemvura. Zita ramwari uyu weMesopotamia rinoumbwa nemashoko maviri echiSumerian, kutanga kwezvose, en zvinoreva changamire uye, kune rumwe rutivi, Lil izvo zvine chekuita nemhepo nemadutu.
Kune budiriro yeMesopotamia, kusimukira uye kubudirira kwezvirimwa zvavo Zvaisava nechokuita nemamiriro ekunze asi nemamiriro ekunze nzira inoteverwa nenzizi. Enlil aive mwari aityiwa sezvo muhuwandu hwezviitiko aizviratidza nenzira isina kunaka kuburikidza nemafashama, madutu kana kugadzirisa mafashamo enzizi.
Muvanhu vakasiyana-siyana, akanga ari mwari anonamatwa aiiswa pasi pake. Vanhu ava vaive vaBhabhironi, vaAsiriya, vaAkkad uye vaKenani. Maererano nengano, mwari uyu akaedza kugumisa upenyu hwevanhu kakawanda nokuti vaimugumbukira. Kukosha kwayo kwaipfuurawo zvipiriso zvaiitwa mukukudzwa kwayo, zvakafanana nezvaiitwa mutemberi chitendero cheEgipita.
Enki
Kunobva: https://commons.wikimedia.org/
Enki, mukati mengano iyi aionekwa samwari wenyika. Ndiyo imwe yevamwari vakanyanya kukosha vebudiriro yeSumerian, basa rayo guru raive rekugadzira vanhu uye kukurudzira vamwe vamwari kuti vadaro.
Mukuwedzera pakusika vanhu, iyewo aiva nebasa rokuvapa ruzivo pamapazi akasiyana akaita sekurima nehunyanzvi.
Kusvika kumwero wakati, mythology zvakare rondedzera mwari uyu kunyika yemvura sezvo nyika yake yakanga iri muApsu, nzvimbo iri uko mvura dzepakutanga dzinobuda.
Anonzi ndiye akasika vafambisi vengarava.Iwo mweya ine hafu yemuviri wehove nehafu yemunhu. Ngano dzinoti ivo vaive vapi vemazano vevatongi vengano uye vaprista veEnki.
ereshkigal
Akatonga munzvimbo yepasi padivi pemurume wake Negal. Ndiye mwanasikana wamwari Anu uye hanzvadzi yaInanna. Akapambwa nenyoka yamwari Kuri, iyo yakamukwevera kunzvimbo yepasi maaive.
ereshkigal, inoratidzirwa nekunaka kwayo kukuru Akashuvira Nerigari achangopinda mupasi sechirango. Mwari aifanira kuramba chipo chipi nechipi chaibva kuna mwarikadzi, aifanira kurega kudya, kunwa, kugara, uye aitofanira kudzivisa muedzo wevatano.
Mwari Nerigari akaita saizvozvo, akaramba zvose zvaakanga apiwa, asi pakasvika nguva yokuti akanga asingachagoni kuzvigamuchira uye akabvuma runako rwamwarikadzi. Vakapedza husiku hunomwe pamwe chete, asi ipapo Nergal akadzokera kunyika yedenga achisiya Ereshkigal oga, uyo asina kutora zvakanaka zvachose uye akatyisidzira kutumira vakafa kana akasadzokera kwaari.
Nergal akanga asina imwe sarudzo kunze kwekudzokera kunyika yepasi uye mushure mechiitiko cherima ivo vaviri vakatonga nyika yepasi.
nergal
Kunobva: https://www.ucm.es/
Mwari wevakafa uye murume wamwarikadzi Ereshkigal. Anova gavhuna wepasi pano, paanoedza kucheka huro yemukadzi wake nekumutyisidzira mushure mekusiiwa kwake. Anozvipira kutonga pamwe chete uye anobvuma chikumbiro.
Haangobatanidzwa nevakafa chete, asiwo nevakafa moto, zvipembenene, zvirwere nezvimwe zviitiko zvinokonzera kuparadza uye kuparadza.
nanar
Mwanakomana wavamwari Enlil naNinlil, anonzi mwari wemwedzi. Kune vagari vekuSumerian, mwari uyu anozivikanwa nezita rekuti Nannar, zvichienzaniswa nevaBhabhironi neArcadians vanomuzivisa nezita reSin.
Guta reUri parakanga riine simba munharaunda yacho, mwari Nannar akava mwari mukuru wevamwari. Anonziwo mwari wemwedzi, baba veuchenjeri. Aifananidzirwa neharahwa ine nyanga nendebvu dzemaperembudzi.
Nigal
Kunobva: https://hablemosdemitologias.com/
Iye mukadzi wamwari Nannar kana Sir, saiye, anonzi mwarikadzi wemwedzi. Panhambo dzinoverengeka, uyu mwari anonzwisiswa samwarikadzi wemhou, ndokusaka vafudzi vazhinji vemombe vachimunamata.
Is zvine chekuita nemhuka, iyo yaanoshandura kuva bere rembereko.
Nabu
Mwanakomana wavamwari Marduk naZarpanitum, Nabu aive mwari wevanyori nekunyora. Kumiririra kwayo kunoitwa kuburikidza nezviratidzo zvakaita semapiritsi kana maturusi ane chekuita nekunyora.
Mwari uyu ndiye mutoro wekunyora magumo emunhu wega wega pahwendefa rezvinyorwa zvinoera. Akazobatanidzwa nehunhu hwehuchenjeri uye maitiro ekurima.
Marduk
Kunobva: https://en.wikipedia.org/
Ndiye mumwe wavamwari vakuru vevaBhabhironi. Akanga ari dangwe ramwari Enlil, ainamatwa samwari wezvisikwa, mvura, zvisikwa, mashiripiti uye kutonga.
Munhau yose, the zita ramwari uyu rinochinja kakawanda mungano yokusika yeBhabhironi. Akanga achimiririrwa nechimiro chomunhu pedyo neshato yomuranda.
Ki
Pakati pavamwari vose vechikadzi, Ki chimwe chezvinonyanya kukosha muchitendero cheMesopotamia. Kune nyanzvi zhinji dzedzidzo dzinopokana kuvepo kwamwarikadzi uyu nekuti hapana humbowo hwechitendero chake chawanikwa. Uyezve, zita rake rinongowanikwa mumagwaro echiSumer ane chokuita nokusika.
Anu
Kunobva: https://mitoyleyenda.com/
Mambo wavamwari, wenyeredzi nowedenga. Vakaroorwa namwarikadzi Ki, vanogara munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzedenga.
Anu ane simba rokutonga avo vakapara mhosva namabasa akaipa. Maererano nengano, nyeredzi dzakasikwa namwari uyu uye dzakashanda semasoja aichengeta vanhu vakaipa.
Icho chimwe chezva vamwari vekare veMesopotamiaPamwe chete namwari Enlil namwarikadzi Ninlin, ndivo vamwari vatatu vanokosha zvikuru maererano nenhau.
Innana
La mwarikadzi wehondo norudo, kunze kwokuva mudziviriri weguta reUruk. Innana, ine hukama namwarikadzi Venus, saka zvakare ane hukama namwarikadzi wechiGiriki Aphrodite.
Zvinyorwa zveSumerian zvine chekuita naNannar naNigal, vabereki vake, aivewo nemapatya anonzi Utu.
Innana aiva nematemberi 15 akasiyana, mamwe aikosha kupfuura mamwe nokuda kwokuremekedza kwenyu. Iyo yakakura uye yakakosha yaive muguta reUruk.