Kugara mumigwagwa muSpain Haisi chiitiko chimwe chete kana kuti chinhu chisingawanzoitiki chinongobata vanhu vashoma chete vari pasi pemutemo; ichokwadi chinorwadza, chezuva nezuva, chiri pedyo zvikuru kupfuura vanhu vazhinji vanoda kubvuma. Kumashure kwemunhu wese akarara muchivako cheATM, pasi pebhiriji, kana mupaki kune nyaya refu, izere nekuchinja-chinja kwehupenyu, kurasikirwa kukuru, uye hurongwa hunowanzo kundikana kupindura nenguva. Munzira dzevanofamba netsoka, muchawana musanganiswa wevanhu vakwegura vakarasikirwa nezvose, vechidiki vakatiza misha ine mhirizhonga, vatorwa vakabatwa nemaitiro asingagoneke ehurumende, uye vashandi vasina kugadzikana vasingakwanisi kutenga denga pamusoro pemisoro yavo.
Zvichienderana nekuverenga kwakasiyana-siyana uye fungidziro, makumi ezviuru zvevanhu muSpain Vanorarama vasina dzimba dzakagadzikana: vanhu vanosvika 30.000-37.000 vanofungidzirwa kuti havana pekugara, uye kana tikaisa pfungwa dzedu kune avo vakamborara mumugwagwa, mumotokari, mumasuo, kana munzvimbo dzekuchengetera vanhu vane dambudziko rekukurumidzira, tiri kutaura nezvemamiriyoni evanhu avo, kanenge kamwe chete muhupenyu hwavo, vakamboona zvinoreva kusaziva kwekurara husiku. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, vanoramba vachiremerwa nengano dziri nyore asi dzenhema: kuti "vanoda kuva mumugwagwa," kuti "vane usimbe," kana kuti "vane zvinhu zvakawanda uye havazvishandisi."
Nyaya dzehupenyu: kuti munhu anozopedzisira arara sei mumugwagwa
Pepe, Mamen, Javi, Latyr nevamwe vanhu vakawanda Zvinoratidza kuti hapana munhu asina pekugara. Hapana munhu mumwe chete ane ruzivo: kune vaimbove vashandi vemahotera, vaimbove vashandi vebhangi, vekuSenegal vanotaura mitauro yakawanda, vakadzi vakakuvadzwa nechisimba, vareferee venhabvu, vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, vanorwara… Chinhu chimwe chete chavanogovana ndechekuti, pane imwe nguva, kurohwa kwakawanda—kwakabatana nebasa, kwemhuri, kwehutano, kana kwemutemo—kwakava kwakanyanya, uye ma network aifanira kunge akavatsigira akakundikana.
Pepe, ane makore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu ekuberekwa, akazorara panze pamusuwo wechitoro chiri paBravo Murillo Street muMadrid, chaipo paaimbova nebhawa rake kwemakore makumi maviri. Kuparara kwayo kwakatanga nekuvhara kwebhizinesi. Muna 2019, akaramba achiita mabasa asina kugadzikana semutyairi wepepanhau uye wekutakura chikafu. Denda rakaparadza mabasa iwayo, uye mari yake payakapera, akarasikirwa nefurati raairenda. Nekuzvikudza, aisada kuudza mhuri yake, aine chivimbo chekuti aigona "kugadzirisa ega." Pakupedzisira, akazviwana aine kona yemba yake nevanhu vaaiziva, mushure mekumukumbira rubatsiro kare, vakanga vava kurega kutarisana naye mumaziso.
Mamen, ane makore makumi mashanu nemana ekuberekwa anobva kuMalaga, akatanga kusangana nemigwagwa achiri mudiki. Kekutanga paakadzingwa mumba make Akanga asina kusvitsa makore gumi nemaviri; amai vake vakamudzinga, uye akapedza husiku hwose achidzungaira achitya kuchikoro kusvika vamwe vana vamuona achichema, vakamuunzira magumbeze, ndokutanga kuimba kuti vamunyaradze. Izvozvo zvakanga zvisiri chiitiko chega, asi kutanga kwehupenyu hwakakanganisika: pakati pekubva nekumanikidzwa kuenda nekudzoka, akapedza makore anopfuura makumi maviri asina pekugara.
Javi, ane makore 52 okuberekwa, haana kumbobvira afungidzirawo kuva nebhegi rekumashure semba yake. Aiva nemba yechikwereti, mabasa maviri, nemari yekuchengeta mwana wemwanakomana wake, asi mari yaiwanikwa yakanga isina kukwanaMushure mekuparadzana kwavo, zvinhu zvakamira kuipa. Rimwe zuva, apedza dzimwe sarudzo dzese, akazviwana akagara pabhenji repaki, asingazive kwekuenda, achishamisika kuti akanga asvika sei ikoko. "Hope dzakaipa" idzodzo dzakagara kwemakore anopfuura mana, pamwe nekukwira nekudzika, uye maitiro ekujaira chokwadi chakaita sechinguvana pakutanga.
Nyaya yaLatyr inobvisa pfungwa yekuti migwagwa ndeyevanhu "vasina dzidzo" chete. MuSenegal, ane makore makumi mashanu nemaviri ekuberekwa, ane dhigirii muEconomics kubva kuParis uye ruzivo muBrussels achishanda pamapurojekiti eEuropean Commission, anotaura mitauro yakawanda (Chirungu, ChiFrench, ChiSpanish, ChiFlemish, uye mitauro miviri yeAfrica). Akauya kuSpain kuzobatsira vamwe vaaizivana navo kuisa mari, asi cheki yavakashandisa yakazoonekwa kuti ndeyenhema. Kuferefeta kwemutemo kwakamumanikidza kuti ape pasipoti yake uye auye kudare mwedzi wega wega kwemakore mana, asina mapepa, mari, kana network yekutsigira munyika. Mari yake payakapera, akapedzisira ava mutende mupaki, achitya uye achinzwa akavharirwa mujeri risina masvingo.
Dzimwe nhoroondo dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza kuti denda nematambudziko ehupfumi zvinowedzera sei njodzi yekuzopedzisira wava mumugwagwa. Manuel, ane makore makumi mashanu ekuberekwa anobva kuBarcelonaAishanda achigovera mapepa ekufambisa mapepa uye airota kutanga chirongwa chemitambo muguta reToledo. Coronavirus yakamubata kaviri: chekutanga, akarwara zvakanyanya; ipapo, kuvharirwa kwedzimba nekuvharwa kwekambani zvakakanganisa chirongwa chake. Akararama nemari yake yaakachengeta kwenguva yakati kusvika yapera, aisakwanisa kubhadhara rendi yake, uye akazopedzisira arara mumigwagwa, asina mukana wekugara nehama.
Alfonso, ane makore makumi matanhatu nemaviri ekuberekwa Uye neanopfuura makore makumi matatu ari mubhangi, iye mumwe muenzaniso wekuti hupenyu hunoratidzika kunge "hwakagadzikana" hunogona kuparara sei. Kudzingwa basa kukuru mubhangi rake—vashandi vanopfuura 15.000 vakasara—kwakamusiya kunze kwehurongwa. Zvipo zvaakawana mushure mezvo zvaive zvibvumirano zvisina kugadzikana zvisina kana kukwana kuti ararame. Makore maviri ekushaya pekugara akaguma nestroke uye kugara muchipatara; ndipo chete paakakwanisa kuwana chirongwa chepekugara kuti apore hutano hwake.
Husiku hwekutanga usiri pamba: kutya, kunyara uye kusurukirwa
Pfungwa yerudo ye "rusununguko" rwemugwagwa inonyangarika kana munhu angopfuura. husiku hwekutanga husina dengaKuvhiringidzika, kutya, uye kunyara zvinosangana nepfungwa yakasimba yekuti hapana chiri kuitika: hapana anongoerekana azviwana asina pekugara. Kuvhunduka kwekutanga ikoko kunosiya chiratidzo chinoyeukwa nevakawanda nekurwadziwa kukuru kupfuura makore akatevera.
Mamen achiri kurangarira zvakanaka husiku ihwohwo, pazera remakore gumi nemaviri, paakafamba-famba pedyo nechikoro achiedza kuti chisaputsike. Kutya kwake kwaioneka zvakanyanya Vamwe vechidiki, avo vangadai vasina kumuteerera, vakasarudza kumufukidza nemagumbeze nekuimba nziyo dzake kuti arege kuchema. Makore akazotevera, semunhu mukuru, aizosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana zvakare, panguva ino achirara mumapako, pamahombekombe, kana muATM.
Javi anotsanangura nguva yaakagara pabhenji repaki asina tikiti rekudzoka sechiitiko chisinganzwisisike: Handina kufunga kuti ndizvo chaizvo.Kune munhu akashanda hupenyu hwake hwese, kushamisika kwekuwira muurombo kwakaoma; zvakaoma kuzviona se "mushandisi wemabasa emagariro evanhu" kana "munhu asina pekugara." Kusatenda uku kwekutanga kunowanzo kunonoka kutsvaga rubatsiro uye kunowedzera dambudziko.
Latyr anopfupikisa mazuva ake ekutanga mutende sechishamiso: ari panze, asi ari musungwa. Aigona kufamba-famba muguta, asi akanzwa kuti akanga arasikirwa kutonga hupenyu hwako kweseZviito zvinongoerekana zvaitika sekugezesa, kudya kudya kwekuseni, kana kuenda kuchimbuzi zvakava zvipingamupinyi zvezuva nezuva. Nekunyara, akadzivisa kukumbira pamasuo esupamaketi; panzvimbo pezvo, akasarudza kubatsira mumisika yemumigwagwa nekuburutsa zvinhu mumarori kana kutungamira vanhu kunzvimbo dzekupaka mota dziripo, achitarisira kuwana mari shoma.
Izwi rimwe chete rinoonekwa muhumbowo hwese: kunyara. Pepe akavanza mamiriro ake ezvinhu kumhuri yake kudzivirira "kunetsa" vamwe uye kudzivirira kubvuma kukundwa kwavo. Kunyara uku, pamwe chete nekudada kwemunhu ajaira kugadzirisa matambudziko ake ari ega, kunononotsa kusangana nemasangano ekubatsira vanhu kusvika mamiriro acho ezvinhu asisagone kutsungirira.
Kurarama mumigwagwa: tsika, njodzi uye kunyadziswa
Kugara panze zvinoreva kurwira nguva dzose zvinhu zvakakoshaKunwa mvura, kuenda kuchimbuzi, kugeza, kutenga chikafu, kuwana nzvimbo yakachengeteka yekurara. Hupenyu hunoderedzwa kuita chipingamupinyi apo nguva nesimba rose zvinonangana nekurarama, pasina mukana wekuronga ramangwana.
Pepe anogona kudzokorora nemusoro kwekuwana matsime everuzhinji, zvimbuzi, uye mashawa muMadrid. Mepu iyi yekupona chibereko cheruzivo. tsime rega rega rinonyangarikaRaibhurari yega yega kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda inoderedza maawa ayo ekushanda inoita kuti hupenyu hwezuva nezuva huve hwakaoma zvishoma. Vanhu vazhinji vanozvironga kuti vaende kuRed Cross, kumakicheni ekubikira, kumashawa emuguta, kana kunzvimbo dzekuchengetera vanhu, vachitsungirira nzendo refu uye mitsetse isingaperi.
Mamen anoyeuka nguva yaakarara mubako muMalaga, achigovana nzvimbo nemakonzo, asi masikati aitarisira mumwe munhu mukuru. Maitiro ake ekuita zvinhu airatidza schizophrenia.: kuburuka mugomo kunogeza kuRed Cross, kuenda kubasa rakachena uye rakatsvinda, uye kudzokera kubako husiku uchiziva kuti "imba" iyi yaingova gomba apo mapurisa kana vapanduki vaisagona kukuona.
Javi akaita kuti utsanana huve chinhu chaaida zvikuru. Aisarudza kugara kwemazuva asina kudya pane kurega. gerwa uye uchenesweAifunga kuti kuramba achitaridzika "sezvakajairika" yaive nzira yekuzvidzivirira kubva kumeso ekutsvinyirwa uye kuzviyeuchidza kuti achiri munhu iyeye, kunyangwe kero yekumba kwake yaive bhenji repaki. Aitora chero basa raaigona kuwana: aipfeka saSanta Claus, hot dog, vampire, aitamba mumitambo yecircus ... Chero chii zvacho pane kuzvirega achikumbira.
Zvisinei, chisimba chinowanzoitika mumigwagwa. Pepe anorondedzera kuti humwe husiku majaya mana akabva sei kukirabhu yehusiku iri pedyo, Vakamukanda magirazi Uye vakatanga kumurova kusvika vamusiya akarara ipapo. Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, aiisa alarm kuti amuke kirabhu isati yavhara, ounganidza zvinhu zvake, obva anyangarika kwemaawa maviri, kusvika njodzi yapera.
Javi akapotsa afa mukurwiswa kwakaitwa sechiito cherudo. Mumwe mukadzi mukuru wemunharaunda akamuunzira chirongo chenyemba; paakadziravira, akaona chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa uye achitya kuti iye pachake angangobatwa nechepfu yechikafu. Akaudza mumwe waaizivana naye aishanda murabhoritari zvaaifungira, uye mukadzi wacho akasarudza kuongorora chikafu chacho. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive inotonhodza.Yaiva nemuchetura wemakonzo. Mapurisa paakabvunza mukadzi uyu, akazvipembedza achiti zvaikosha "kubvisa dambudziko iri." Muenzaniso wekuti rusarura runogona sei, mune dzimwe pfungwa, kutoruramisa kuedza kuponda.
Kana vari vakadzi, njodzi yacho inowedzera. Madzimai ane nhoroondo yemhirizhonga yakanyanya: achiri mwana, amai vake vakamusunga pamubhedha ndokumurova; ava nemakore 17 akava nepamuviri mushure mekubatwa chibharo ndokuzopedzisira aroorwa neanomurwisa kuti atize kushungurudzwa naamai vake. Vadikani vake vakamurova ndokuzopedzisira ava mujeriMujeri, akarasikirwa nemwanasikana wake mudiki, uyo akanga aiswa munzvimbo yekuchengetwa kwevana; anongoyeuka zita rake chete, Mireia, uye makore ake anofungidzirwa. Paakasunungurwa, akafamba nemuMálaga, Córdoba, Seville, Jaén, Almería… achirara pamahombekombe, mumasuo, uye munzvimbo dzisina vanhu. Husiku hwakawanda aifanira kutiza kuedza kubatwa chibharo: murume akamurwisa pamahombekombe paakanga ari mubhegi rekurara; vakomana vaviri vakamumanikidza kupinda mumotokari, vakamuendesa kunzvimbo iri yoga, ndokumubvisa mbatya. Akapukunyuka nekumhanya nekukurumidza sezvaaigona kusvika awana vaviri vakwegura vakamufukidza negumbeze, vakamupinza mukati, ndokufonera Civil Guard.
Hutano hunodererawo zvakanyanya. Latyr aitova neCOPD yakanyanya apo, panguva yekuongororwa, akaonekwa aine chirwere ichi. kenza yemapapuChiremba wekenza akanga akajeka: chero bedzi akaramba ari mumugwagwa, vaisagona kumupa chemotherapy neradiotherapy nekuti kurapwa kwaizomuuraya. Kuti atsungirire zvidzidzo izvi, aida kuzorora, kudya kwakakwana, uye nzvimbo yekupora; zvakasiyana zvachose nezvinopiwa nebhenji kana tende.
Nguva dzevanhu: zviratidzo zvinochinja zuva rose
Takatarisana nezviito zvakawanda zvekurwa uye kunyadziswa, zviito zvidiki zvemutsa Dzinova dzakakosha zvikuru. Hadzidzime matambudziko, asi dzinova nhare dzekurangarira, humbowo hwekuti havasi vese vanotarira kune rumwe rutivi. Vanhu vazhinji vasina pekugara vanonzwa kufara vachiyeuka zvinhu izvi zvakanaka kupfuura zviitiko zvechisimba.
Mamen anotaura nerudo rukuru nezveboka revavakidzani munharaunda yeMalaga kwaaimborara muATM. Mangwanani ega ega vaimusiyira kudya kwekuseni. Vainyatsongwarira kuti vasamumutse, semunhu ari kuchengetedza zororo remhuri. Nanhasi, paanoyeuka izvozvo, anoti ganda rake rinokambaira: pakati pehupenyu hwakazara nekushungurudzwa, vakadzi ivavo vakamuita kuti anzwe akachengeteka uye akachengetedzwa kwechinguva.
Pepe anotaura zviitiko zviviri zvaanokoshesa. Pane imwe nguva, akanga apedza mazuva mashanu asina kudya, aine dzungu, achifunga kurega, apo mumwe mukadzi akasvika nendiro yesobho raakagadzirwa kumba. "Akandidzorera hupenyu hwangu"Anodaro. Mamwe masikati, akagara pedyo neteresi, musikana mudiki akasvika, akavhura kabhegi kake kadiki, ndokumupa masendi mashanu. Kune chero ani zvake, yaizova mari shoma; kwaari, chiratidzo ichocho chekuzvipira chakachena "chakamurwadza mwoyo."
Javi anoyeuka kuti chinhu chakanakisisa chakaitika kwaari mumigwagwa kwaiva kusangana nemhuri munharaunda. Rimwe zuva, baba vacho vakauya, vachikumbira ruregerero nekuti vaisagona kumupa mari. Javi akamuudza kuti asazvidya mwoyo ndokumubvunza kana aigona kumubatsira nechimwe chinhu. Murume wacho akamukumbira kuti amubatsire nefenicha inorema. Javi akafara kudaro uye akaramba muripo mukuru waakapihwa. Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, mwanasikana nevazukuru vemurume uyu vaigara vachiuya. kutaura naye kwenguva pfupiNekuda kwavo, akanzwa se "munhu" zvakare, kwete "murume wekubhangi" chete.
Pepe naJavi vanosangana zvakare muchikamu chinotevera chinonakidza chehupenyu hwemumigwagwa: Vakasiyiwa vasina kana izwiKupedza mavhiki akawanda pasina kutaura nemunhu kunoita kuti tsinga dzenzwi dzipere; muAlicante, uko Javi akapedza nguva yakati, vanhu vazhinji vaingofunga kuti aive mbeveve. Kunze kwemuviri, izvi zvinoratidza kusurukirwa kukuru uye kusaonekwa kwevanhu vasina pekugara.
Kupfuura ngano: zvatinonyatsoziva nezvekushaya pekugara
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha pakugadzirisa hupenyu hwemumugwagwa ndechekubvisa zvimwe zvinhu rusarura rwakadzamaMasangano ane hunyanzvi, akadai seArrels Fundació kana Hogar Sí, anotsigira kuti tsananguro dziri nyore - "hadzishande nekuti hadzidi", "dzakadaro nekuda kwezvinodhaka", "kana vakarara mumugwagwa imhaka yekuti vanoda" - hadzitsigirwi nedata kana nyaya dzechokwadi.
Semuenzaniso, kushandisa doro nezvinodhaka hazvisirizvo chete zvinokonzera kuti vanhu vagare mumigwagwa. Kazhinji, avo vanopedzisira vanwa doro vanozviita kuti kutsungirira kutonhora, kutya, uye kuzvidya mwoyo Kurara munzvimbo dzisina kuchengetedzeka muenzaniso mumwe chete. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinosanganisira mamiriro ezvinhu akambovapo (kupindwa muropa, matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa) anotowedzera kuipa munzvimbo ine hutsinye. Kungozviti "zvakaipa" hazvina kunaka uye zvinorerutsa chimwe chinhu chakabatana zvakanyanya nekurwadziwa, kurwara, uye kushaya rutsigiro.
Imwe ngano yakapararira ndeyekuti "kune zviwanikwa zvakawanda" uye kuti kana munhu akarara mumugwagwa imhaka yekuti haadi kuenda kunzvimbo yekupotera. Chokwadi chiripo chakaoma zvikuru. Nzvimbo zhinji idzi dzine vanhu vakawanda vanogara mazana evanhu, zvakavanzika zvishoma uye mitemo yakaoma kwazvoNzvimbo zhinji dzekugara hadzibvumire mhuka dzinovaraidza kana zvinhu zvese, zvichimanikidza vanhu kusiya zvishoma zvavakasiya. Uyezve, idzi imhinduro dzenguva pfupi: chero ani zvake anotamira ikoko anoziva kuti anogona kudzoka mumugwagwa mumavhiki mashoma kana mwedzi.
Ruzivo rwunobva kuBarcelona rwunoratidza: zvichienderana nekuverengwa kwevanhu munharaunda, 66% yevanhu vanorara mumigwagwa Havagamuchire mari kubva kuhurumende.Kunyangwe vazhinji vakashanda, vari kushanda muhupfumi husina kurongeka, kana kuti vane mabasa enguva dzose ane mihoro yakaderera zvekuti havakwanise kubhadhara rendi, kunewo vanhu vane hutano hwakaderera zvekuti havazokwanisi kushanda zvakare; vamwe vanopedza zuva rese vari mumutsetse wekudya, kugeza, mapepa, kana kufamba-famba kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.
Kusiyana-siyana kwekwakabva kunokanganisawo pfungwa yekuti "vose vatorwa." Semuenzaniso, muBarcelona, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevanhu vanogara mumigwagwa vane Spanish nyikaVanhu vanodarika chikamu chimwe muzvitatu vagari vemuEU uye vanenge chikamu chimwe muzvina vagari vasiri vemuEU. Vanhu vanotama vanowanzova mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kugadzikana nekuti havana hukama hwepedyo hwemhuri, vanosangana nematambudziko ekutonga kuti vagadzirise mamiriro avo, uye vanotambura nezvinetso zvemutauro nekusarurwa.
Uyezve, kugara mumigwagwa hakusi kusarudza kwaunofunga. Hapana anosarudza kumuka rimwe zuva oti, "Ndichagara pasi pebhiriji." Mamiriro aya anowanikwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera kuora.Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvemunhu (kuparadzana, kusawirirana kwemhuri, hutano hwemuviri kana hwepfungwa) uye zvinhu zvemuumbirwo (kushaya mabasa, mitengo yedzimba inokwira, mabasa ekubatsira vanhu akaomarara, kudzikiswa kwemari, kutama, kufirwa, nezvimwewo). Kazhinji, kana mumwe munhu akati "Handidi chero chinhu" kuchikwata chekubatsira vanhu mumigwagwa, zvavari kutaura kurasikirwa kukuru kwekuvimbana, mushure mekuedza kwakawanda kukumbira rubatsiro kwakundikana.
Zvishandiso, mitemo uye mamodheru ekusiya migwagwa
Kukunda kushaya pekugara kunoda zvakawanda kupfuura magumbeze nezvikafu zvekudya. Zvakaitika kune dzimwe nyika nevemuno zvinoratidza kuti pane zvimwe zvinodiwa. mitemo yekugara yakagadzikanaZvishandiso zvakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa nevanhu uye rutsigiro rwevanhu kwenguva refu zvakakosha. Muenzaniso mukuru iFinland, inoonekwa senyika yekutanga muEurope kusvika padyo nekuzadzisa chinangwa che #nobodysleepingonthestreet nekuda kwehurongwa hwenyika hwakatarisana nekugara zvachose.
MuSpain, masangano akaita seHogar Sí ave achikurudzira mamodheru akafanana kwemakore: chirongwa ichi Dzimba Kutanga ("Housing First") inopa dzimba dzekurenda dzakajairwa kuvanhu vagara mumigwagwa kwenguva yakareba, vasingadi kuti "varapwe" matambudziko avo ese vasati vatanga. Pfungwa yacho iri nyore asi yakakura: nemba yakagadzikana, zviri nyore kugadzirisa hutano, kuwana basa, kana kuvakazve hukama. Hogar Sí inotarisira dzimba dzekurenda dzinosvika mazana matatu munyika yese, dzakatsaurirwa chete kumapurojekiti evanhu vasina pekugara, pamwe nedzimwe mhinduro dzakadai sedzimba dzinoshandiswa nevanhu vose (Housing Led) kana dzimba dzekudzoreredza hutano.
Zvikuru, chirongwa cheHogar Sí chekugara zvakanaka, chine nzvimbo iri kuchamhembe kweMadrid nenzvimbo dzinosvika makumi matanhatu, chinoratidza kuti Mamiriro ekunze nedenga zvinochinja fungidziroVanhu vakaita saMiguel Ángel, Patricia, Manuel, naAlfonso vanosvika varasikirwa nezvinhu zvese: mabasa avo, misha yavo, uye kazhinji, chikamu chehutano hwavo hwemuviri kana hwepfungwa. Munzvimbo yakagadzikana, vanogona kutarisa pakupora, kunyorera mabhenefiti (mari shoma yekurarama nayo, penjeni isiri yekupa), kudzidziswa, kana kugadzira hurongwa hutsva hwehupenyu.
Miguel Ángel, mugadziri wedzimba uye mushongedzi, akasangana netsaona muCañada Real panguva yeDutu reFilomena paaiedza kubvisa sinou padenga rake. Denga rakadonha, uye akazopedzisira ava muchipatara nekutyoka kwakawanda. Pari zvino ari kuHogar Sí center achipora kubva pakutyoka kwehudyu. akawanazve mufaro wezvinhu zviri nyore semukwikwidzi wemus, akarara asingatyi uye achironga kudzokera kwake kubasa, kunyangwe asingachakwanisi kutakura mutoro wakawanda sekare.
Patricia, mukadzi wekuUruguay ane makore makumi mana nemapfumbamwe ekuberekwa, akatambura nedambudziko rehutano rakamusiya akaremara, ari ega muzvipatara zviri kunze kweMadrid, uye asingakwanise kuona mwanasikana wake ane pamuviri nekuda kwezvirambidzo zveCovid. Muzukuru wake paakazvarwa, akarasikirwawo nemumwe wake nemba yavaigara pamwe chete, sezvo imba yacho yaive muzita rake. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye kurapwa kwakanyanya, akadzidza kufamba zvakare nemadondoro uye Awanazve kufarira kwake kuburikidza nekusonaAnopedza nguva yakawanda yezuva rake achigadzira mbatya dzevamwe vanhu vari panzvimbo iyi uye anorota kuti achakwanisa kurarama nazvo kana abuda.
Manuel anochinja nguva yake muchirongwa ichi nekosi kuti ave mugamuchiri wehotera, anozvipira semumiriri wevanopa ruremekedzo munhabvu, uye anoedza kubika. Anoziva kuti chipingamupinyi chake chikuru imari: "Tese tine chido nemazano, dambudziko nderekukwanisa kuzvibhadhara." Chinangwa chake, kana abuda muchirongwa ichi, ndechekuti munogara mufurati nevamwe vanhu vaviri izvo zviri kuporawo.
Alfonso, iye pachake, anoshandisa chero komputa yaanogona kukwereta kuti adzorerezve macontacts aakaita mumakore ake makumi matatu nemashanu ari mubhangi. Haashuvi kudzokera pabasa rake rekare, asi kuti atange mapurojekiti ayo, kana akabudirira, achamubvumira kwete kungozviriritira chete, asiwo vanopa chikamu chemari yavo kumapurogiramu avo vakamubatsira. Anotaura nezve "pakupedzisira achiona chiedza chidiki pamagumo emugero."
Hogar Sí nedzimwe sangano rechitatu dziri kukumbira shanduko dzemutemo nemitero kuti zvive nyore kuwana dzimba dzekugara. Parizvino, kurenda dzimba sesangano repamutemo Zvinobatanidza zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda kupfuura kuzviita semunhu: kubvisirwa mitero yemari, VAT, nezvimwewo. Hurumende iri kukumbirwa kuti iise zvinokurudzira mumutemo wedzimba kuitira kuti masangano aya agone kusaina zvibvumirano zvekurenda zvine pundutso, chero bedzi vachipa dzimba kuvanhu vasina pekugara. Panguva imwe chete, pane kusimbiswa kwakasimba pakudiwa kwekuti mamwe madhorobha, kunze kwemaguta makuru, agadzire zviwanikwa zvavo kuitira kuti vasamanikidze vanhu kutamira kunzvimbo dzemaguta dzakazara nevanhu.
Kuvakazve hupenyu: musha, hutano uye hukama
Kubuda mumigwagwa hakugumisi zuva rekuti munhu abve anogamuchira makiyiKutaura zvazviri, vanhu vazhinji vanoti chimwe chezvinetso zvinoshamisa ndechekujaira kurara pamubhedha zvakare kana kuvhara musuwo, vachiziva kuti pavanomuka, nzvimbo yacho icharamba iri yavo. Kuva nedenga pamusoro pemisoro yavo ndiyo danho rekutanga, asi zvinozotevera zvimwe zvese: kuvandudza hutano hwavo, kugadzirisa zvikwereti, kubata nemapepa, kuwana nzira yakagadzikana yekuwana mari, uye, pamusoro pezvose, kuvakazve kuvimba mavari ivo nevamwe.
Pepe, achibatsirwa naHogar Sí nemasangano ekubatsira vanhu, akakwanisa kugadzirisa mamiriro ake ezvinhu neHofisi yeMitero, kugadzirisa penjeni yake uye kugadzirisa nyaya dzakawanda dzemapepa dzakamurambidza. Tangazve kutaurirana nemhuri yako Yaiva nguva yakaoma—akanyeverwa zvakanaka nekuda kwekusakumbira rubatsiro nekukurumidza—asi zvakare kusunungura. Iye zvino, aine imba, mubhedha, nebhokisi retsamba, anotsaurira chikamu chenguva yake kuperekedza vanhu vasina pekugara vaanoona mumugwagwa, achiyeuka kuti nguva pfupi yapfuura aive pakona imwe chete. Zuva rega rega anoenda kucafe kwaaiwanzopa kofi, paaigara mumigwagwa; iye zvino anouya semutengi wenguva dzose, achishandisa zita rake rakazara.
Latyr akapedza kurapwa kwake kenza, bundu racho rakagadzikana, uye akatamira kuCordoba nemumwe wake. Zvaanonyanya kukoshesa hazvisi zvinhu zvikuruAsi hazvisi zvekungokwanisa kugeza chero nguva yaanoda, kunwa kofi mangwanani asingatsvage imba yekugezera, kana kuzorora asingatyi kudzingwa mubhangi. Ari kugadzirira kushanda semuturikiri kana muturikiri, achishandisa ruzivo rwake rwemitauro yakati wandei.
Mamen atora makosi ebasa repahotera. Ave nemakore maviri achigara mufurati rake ega asi achiri kuzvibata-bata paanonzwa kiyi muhomwe make. Mushure memakumi emakore emhirizhonga, kujeri, uye hupenyu mumigwagwaKiyi iyoyo inomiririra chimwe chinhu chiri nyore sekuziva kuti, pakupedzisira, ane pekukiya gonhi rake uye agare akachengeteka. Javi, uyo zvino anotakura mapakeji nembwa dzekufambisa, anonzwa zvakafanana: kwaari, kiyi yemba chiratidzo chehupenyu hwaakapotsa arasikirwa nahwo.
Tsvakurudzo yemagariro evanhu inotsigira zviitiko izvi: kupinda mudzimba hakugadzirise kushaya pekugara nenzira yemashiripiti. Mwedzi inotevera inokosha.Tinofanira kutsigira vanhu kuti vagone kurarama nekusurukirwa mufurati mushure mekumhanya-mhanya kwemumugwagwa kana pekugara, mukudzidza kuchengetedza hutano hwavo, uye mukuwana mabasa ane chinangwa ekuzadza nguva yavo: dzidzo, basa, kuzvipira, kuzorora. Kuchinja kubva pakufunga nezvekurarama kwenguva refu kuenda pakufunga nezvebasa rehupenyu ibasa rinoenderera mberi.
MuSpain, ongororo yakaitwa neHogar Sí yakaratidza kuti Vanhu gumi muzana (10%) vanoti vakamborara mumugwagwa pane imwe nguva. Uye vanhu vakawanda vanobvuma kuti vakapedza husiku mumotokari, mumasuo, kana munzvimbo dzekuchengetera vanhu vane dambudziko rekukurumidza. Tichiwedzera kune avo vakambogara kwenguva pfupi neshamwari kana mhuri nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemari, tiri kutaura nezvemamiriyoni evanhu vakanyura mudambudziko rekushaya pekugara. Pepe, Javi, Mamen, naLatyr vanodzokorora izvi semantra: izvi zvinogona kuitika kune chero ani zvake. Kumhanya kwerombo rakaipa, kudzingwa basa, kuparadzana, kurwara, penjeni yakaderera, rendi isingadhuri, kunyara kukumbira rubatsiro… uye, kana wangosvika mumugwagwa, zvakaoma zvikuru kubuda wega.
Kutarisa hupenyu mumugwagwa zvakanangaKuburikidza nenyaya idzi, zvinotimanikidza kubvisa rusaruro uye kunzwisisa kuti hatisi kubata ne "nyaya dziri dzoga," asi pane chiratidzo chemuenzaniso wemagariro evanhu unosiya avo vane zviwanikwa zvishoma. Panguva imwe chete, zvinoratidza kuti nedzimba dzakanaka, rutsigiro rwunogara rwuchienderera mberi, zviwanikwa zvakagadzirwa nepfungwa dzemunhu, uye maitiro eushingi - seaya akashanda munyika dzekuchamhembe kweEurope - zvinokwanisika kuti hapana munhu anofanira kushandura ATM, tende, kana bhangi kuita imba yake yega.
