Munyika mune nhamba huru yemaruva emhando dzose uye mavara, zvisinei, havasi vose vakagadzirirwa kupikisa chero rudzi rwemamiriro ekunze. Muchikamu chino, iwe uchadzidza nezvemaruva ezhizha kuitira kuti iwe unzwisise maitiro avo anoshamisa. Ramba uchiverenga.
maruva ezhizha
Pavanenge vachifunga nezvemaruva, vakawanda vanoabatanidza nemwaka unozivikanwa sechirimo uye hapana mubvunzo nezvazvo, sezvo kuriko kunokura zvirimwa zvakawanda zvinouya kuzotumbuka. Zvisinei, hazvirambike kuti kune mimwe mwaka apo inotumbukawo. Maruva ezhizha ndemumwe wavo, anokura mukati memwedzi iyi uye iyo inonyanya kukosha ndeyokuti inopesana zvikuru nekupisa. Mimwe mienzaniso inogona kutaurwa ndeiyi: sunflowers, begonias, lavender, muromo wedragoni, pakati pevamwe. Zvadaro, tichatsanangura kuti mhando huru ndedzipi:
Zuva
Inowanikwa kuNorth uye Central America. Zvinozivikanwa kuti yakasimwa makore akapoteredza 1000 BC, asi nechekare mutsika dzeAztec mune mifananidzo yezvivezwa payakarimwa makore akapoteredza 2600 BC, seuchapupu hweizvi hwakawanikwa mukuchera kweSan Andrés. Mune idzo tsika dzeNative America, dzakadai seAztec, Otomi uye Incas muPeru, vakaishandisa sechiratidzo chekumiririra zuva. Izvi zvakaratidzwa apo Francisco Pizarro, mukundi weSpain, akaenda kunomutsvaga muTahuantinsuyo, paakanamatwa nevanhu veko.
Vaiva vagari ava vakatengesa ruva kuEurope pakutanga kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX, uye mushure mezvo rakatanga kurima pasi rose, kwete sechishongo chete asiwo chekudya. Uyewo, muzana remakore rechiXNUMX, apo oiri yesunflower yakatanga kushandiswa muRussia, nenhengo dzeChechi yeOrthodox yeRussia, sezvo yaiva imwe yemafuta mashomanana aigona kushandiswa, sezvo yaibvumirwa kushandiswa kweLent. Muzana ramakore reXNUMXth, yakatanga kutengeswa naDaniil Bokarev, uyo akagadzira nzira yekuiburitsa muhuwandu hukuru.
Kuti tizive kana takatarisana neruva iri rezhizha, maitiro anotevera anogona kujekeswa. Chirimwa chinozvarwa gore negore. Kureba kwayo kunogona kubva pakati pemita imwe kusvika kumatatu. Iine rudzi rwebvudzi rakakasharara, uye madzinde ayo nemashizha zvakarongwa muchimiro chakatwasuka uye chakareba. Zvakare, chirimwa chine chikamu chepakati chine maruva akati wandei akagara, anoiswa sekunge ari mudhisiki kana kapu uye zvakare anodzivirirwa nebracts kana mapepa.
Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti maruva ayo ekunze ane yellowish, nepo madiki ari mukati ari chiedza kusvika kune rima. Kusarura kusati kwagamuchirwa, anthers anokura. Kupararira kwakajairika kunoitika kuburikidza nekudyidzana nevamwe. Michero yacho kazhinji ine ruvara-ruvara, uye mamwe ane mitsetse yakasviba-ruvara uye yakatwasuka, ine zviyero zviviri, uye saizi inogona kusiyana kubva pamamirimita matatu kusvika mashanu.
gazania
Iro kirasi yemaruva akasimba kwazvo ezhizha asingade kuchengetwa kwakawanda uye anotumbuka anenge gore rose, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa, kunyangwe achiwanzo tumbuka kubva muchirimo kusvika mukupera kwezhizha. Vese vanovhara husiku hwese kuti vavhure maruva avo, senge daisy, masikati. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana eGazanias zvichienderana neruvara rwemaruva awo uye mashizha awo akajeka zvikuru akasvibira kune sirivheri. Chirimwa chisingakure zvakanyanya uye chinotumbuka kana chaiswa muzuva rakazara. Mamiriro ekunze anofanirwa kunge ari munyoro, kudzivirira chando chinodzika kusvika -5ºC.
Inofanirwa kudiridzwa kazhinji muzhizha, asi pasina kuwandisa, kune iyo fetereza inogona kuwedzerwa panguva yekutumbuka kwemazuva gumi nemashanu. Kana tichida kuti dzitumbuke nguva dzose, tinofanira kubvisa maruva akaoma uye funga kuti vane avhareji yehupenyu hwemakore mashanu. Kune mhando dzine madzinde semizambiringa kuitira kuti ishandiswe kugadzira makwenzi kana masaga. Yakakwanawo kushandiswa negungwa, sezvo isingakanganiswi nemunyu, kunyange zvazvo ichida ivhu rakanyoroveswa uye rakanyorova zvishoma.
canna indica
Icho chirimwa chine rhizomatous chine madzinde akamira chinowanzo shandiswa mubindu kugadzira masumbu akanaka ari oga. Mashizha acho akajeka akasvibira, lanceolate muchimiro. Maruva ane tubular uye anoita mapoka ekupedzisira pamagumo edzinde gobvu. Vane mavara akajeka: tsvuku, yero ine mavara matsvuku, sitirobheri kana nhanga. Inofanirawo kuiswa munzvimbo ine zuva uye yakachengetedzeka sezvo inonzwira kutonhora nemhepo, kunyangwe ichipenya. Kudiridza kuchave kwakawanda muzhizha uye kunenge kusina muchando.
Haisi kunyanya kudiwa maererano nevhu, saka inogona kudyarwa mumhando ipi zvayo yevhu; kunyange zvazvo achigara achifarira manyowa akanaka ane manyowa. Nguva yekudyara kana kufambisa rhizomes iri mukupera kwechando kana kutanga kwechirimo. Vanofanira kudyarwa anenge 30-50 cm. kure nomumwe nomumwe. Zvinokurudzirwa kuchera rhizomes mushure memaruva. Kana chirimwa chasvava, chichenese wochichengeta munzvimbo yakaoma, ine rima kusvikira yave nguva yekusimazve. Chirwere chinonyanyozivikanwa icho Achira anogona kutambura nacho bud rot, kunokonzerwa nekuwanda kwemvura.
Dhiragoni muromo
Ikirasi yemaruva ezhizha anobva kuMediterranean basin, inogona kukura pakati pe 40 ne 60 cm kureba, asi pane dzakawanda zviitiko iyo inogona kusvika mita pakureba. Uyu ndiwo muyero wakajairika wechirimwa ichi. Vose vane mashizha akarongwa nenzira ye cascade, izvi zvinogona kuva kukwezva kwavo kukuru, nokuti mune zvakasikwa kune zvishoma zvinomera zvinomera zvakasikwa nenzira iyi, zvimwe zvinofanira kudyarwa pamahanger, saka zvinogona kugadzirwa nenzira iyi. special.
petunias
Iwo maruva ezhizha emhando yekusingaperi, akarongwa segore negore. Iwo madiki muhukuru, madiki anoyera masendimita gumi nemashanu uye yakakura masendimita makumi matanhatu, zvichienderana nemhando kana mhando. Mashizha emuti uyu akarongwa zvakasiyana kana zvinopesana, kureva, imwe pamusoro peimwe. Chimiro chayo chakarebesa mune dzimwe nguva uye chakatenderedzwa mune mamwe, chichiratidza mipendero yese uye chakafukidzwa nebvudzi rine rakati tsvikiti. Kana ari madzinde avo, zvirimwa izvi zvine hunhu hwakanyanya matavi uye hukuru hwayo husingapfuuri 15 masendimita pakureba.
Maruva anobva paburi rematavi. Iine bhosvo kana bhero chimiro, kutumbuka kwacho kwakanyanyisa, kunotanga muchirimo uye kunogara kusvika pakupera kwematsutso. Mukuwedzera, ivo vane mavara akasiyana, pane kunyange rudzi rwemavara maviri. Kune mavara akaita sechena, lavender kana lavender, bhuruu, yero, tsvuku uye kunyange dema. Ruvara chete rwaisina orange. Chimwe chokwadi pamusoro pezvivakwa ndezvekuti, kunyangwe zvisina kunyoreswa semiti inonhuhwirira, inopa kunhuhwirira kwakanaka.
Geraniums
Iwo maruva ezhizha anogona kuverengerwa segore, biennials, uye perennials, zvichiita kuti ive yakakwana yekuratidzwa munzvimbo dzakavhurika. Pamusoro pekuva nekunhuhwirira kwakajeka. Ichi chirimwa chakatwasuka uye chine gwenzi, chinogona kusvika mita nehafu pakureba, chinozvarwa kubva pamatanda akachinjika kubva pasi, ndiko kuti, kubva padzinde repasi pevhu rine mabukira akati wandei anokura akatwasuka, kubva panobva midzi nemakwenzi ane herbaceous. nodes. Dzinde dzinenge dzakamera kana dzazvarwa uye pakukura dzinoita danda kana bazi rakura.
Mashizha acho ane orbicular, kureva kuti, anenge akatenderera, ane zvikamu zvitatu kana zvishanu zvakaserera, ane mashizha ane mvere. Maruva ayo anotakurwa ari maviri ebvudzi gland rudzi, mashizha ayo kana nhengo dzefoliar padyo nemaruva ari lanceolate uye sessile. Aya maruva anoumba inflorescence inonzi pleocasium, zvinoreva kuti pasi peiyo axis huru, iyo inopera mumaruva, matatu kana kupfuura lateral maruva matavi anoumbwa. Maruva akaita seamburera uye anogona kuwanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva pachiedza kusvika kune rima.
mitambo
Zvinogona kutariswa kuti iyi kirasi yemiti ndeye isingaperi kana biennial herbaceous mhando ine hupenyu hurefu hwesherufu. Icushion kana chirimwa chinokambaira chine hurefu hunosvika 25 centimita. Mashizha acho akatarisana uye anosiyana zvichienderana nekukwirira kwaanenge ari. Iwo epamusoro ane peduncle ane jagged mupendero ane akawanda lanceolate mashizha, ezasi akachekwa uye madiki ari sessile, ndiko kuti, haakuridzi tsinde.
Kana riri ruva, rakaumbwa sechubhu diki kwazvo, ine dichotomous inflorescences uko akisi huru inopera neruva. Dzinogona kuuya nemavara akasiyana-siyana sepepuru, piringi rakachenuruka, jena, dzvuku, orenji zvichiita kuti ive chirimwa chinokwezva maziso nehanya zvishoma. Chirimwa ichi chinoda kuvhenekwa nezuva zvakanaka. Inoda kudiridza shoma, sezvo inogona kuiswa kure uye nemvura shoma, iyo inogara ichidzivisa kudzivirira mvura, iyo inoita kuti mvura yakanaka yemvura inofanirwa. Kana iri substrate, inofanirwa kuve yakasanganiswa ne organic compost uye imwe jecha.
Marigold
Calendula imhando yeyero daisy ine toni dzakasimba orenji dzinogona kuverengerwa sechipfupi, chakaonda kwazvo chirimwa cheherbaceous icho chinowanzo maruva nguva zhinji yegore. Vanogona kunge vari kunze, pamapatio kana pamabhakoni. Calendula ndeimwe yemaruva ayo anogona kushandiswa chero chero chinhu, kana iwe uchiziva mashandisiro ayo. Kune rumwe rutivi, mafuta anowanikwa kubva mumhando iyi yemaruva echando ari mukuda kukuru kwekuporesa kwayo.
Hibiscus kana hibiscus
Iri ikirasi yemaruva ezhizha, iyo yakagadzirwa kubva kune rudzi rweshrub yakazvarwa kuAsia iyo inotanga kutumbuka pakati pechirimo uye inopedza mwaka wayo mukutanga kwekudonha. Vanosvika kureba 1 kusvika 2 m. Maruva ayo akakura, 10 kusvika 15 cm muhupamhi, ane 5 tsvuku, pink, chena kana bicolor petals. Inogona kukura nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mapoto ane hedges.
Nemesias
Iwo madiki zvirimwa zvepagore zvisingaite 45 cm kureba, zvine girinhi yakasvibira uye yakatarisana nemashizha, ayo anogona kuve akazara kana akakomberedzwa. Maruva anoyevedza anoonekwa mumasumbu uye maduku uye akawanda (mavara mazhinji akasiyana anoitika). Dzinotumbuka muzhizha nomuchirimo. Inogona kushandiswa pamabhakoni nemateru kana matombo, mibhedha, curbs kana miganhu yakasanganiswa mubindu. Kune rumwe rutivi, inoda kuiswa kune zuva rakazara (kudzivisa zuva rakasimba remasikati mumamiriro ekunze eMediterranean) uye haigoni kushivirira kuchinja kwekushisa, kutonhora kana kunyanya kunyorova.
Lobelia
Icho chirimwa chinoratidzwa nekuumbwa kwemaruva akasiyana, ayo anobva kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica. Imhando yemiti inosanganisira zvinopfuura mazana mana emarudzi akasiyana, inokura kuita makwenzi, kunyange zvazvo inogonawo kudyarwa muhari. Idiki muhukuru, sezvo inogona kusvika masendimita makumi matatu pakureba. Iine chimiro chebhora, saka inowanzokura mumidziyo mikuru. Uyezve, ndeyegore negore kana, nemamwe mazwi, inokura, maruva uye inofa mugore rimwe chete. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ekunze anopisa inogona kuita semhando isingaperi.
Mashizha emaruva aya ezhizha anoshandura, oval uye spatulate. Asi, kana pane chimwe chinhu chinokwezva kutarisa kwechirimwa ichi, ndiko kutumbuka kwayo. Munyaya chaiyo yemaruva ayo, aya anouya kukura muchirimo uye maruva ayo anogona kugara kusvika pakupera kwematsutso. Mapeti ayo ane tint yebhuruu inozadza kona yese nehupenyu uye kugadzikana. Nekune rumwe rutivi, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti kune akasiyana siyana emhando yemhando iyo kirasi yeAfrica flora inogona kukura, kureva, chena, pink kana violet.
elavender
Ndiyo imwe yemaruva ezhizha anozivikanwa zvikuru munyika yose, kwete chete nokuda kwechimiro chayo chekushongedza, asiwo nokuda kwenhamba yezvivakwa iyo inofarira. Kunhuhwirira kwayo kunoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana, zvizorwa, kutarisira muviri uye kumba, zvakare sechinhu chinonhuwira uye, zvechokwadi, semuti wemishonga. Inobva kunzvimbo yeMediterranean yeEurope. Maruva maduku-duku anomera akawanda zvikuru uye chitarisiko chaicho chine munhuhwi unofadza.
Ichi chirimwa igwenzi remusango, risingaperi rinonhuhwirira mhando ine matavi madzinde, anogona kusvika 1 mita pakureba. Dzinde racho rine huni uye rakati twasu panobva pabuda mamwe mapazi ane huswa. Mashizha akazara uye akatenderera, madota-ruvara muruvara, achikura akatarisana uye akamanikana, ane dehwe zvishoma. Nekune rimwe divi, zvinofanirwa kuratidza kuti maruva ayo madiki epepuru ane cylindrical terminal matipi anogona kuva pakati pe6 kusvika gumi sampuli.
Zinnia
Chirimwa chegore negore chakaberekerwa kuNorth America chehukuru hudiki hunosvika pakati pe15 ne90 centimita pakureba zvichienderana nemhando. Maruva ayo, akafanana neaya e dahlias, anogona kuwanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemavara uye anogona kuva ega, maviri kana bicolor. Mashizha acho akanyanya rough kusvika pakubata, oval muchimiro uye rima rakasvibira muruvara. Izvi zvinomera zvinotumbuka kubva muchirimo kusvika mukudonha uye zvakanakira kune ese ari maviri ehari nekurima.
Mhando dzemaruva aya ezhizha ane tsvina dzakasvibirira dzakanakira kucheka nekuisa muvhasi. Zinnias vanoda zuva uye tembiricha inodziya. Vanoda substrate yakareruka uye kudiridza kazhinji, asi pasina mafashama kana kunyorova mashizha. Maruva acho, tichaabvisa kana aoma uye tichaabhadhara mazuva gumi nemashanu oga oga nefetireza chaiyo yezvirimwa zvinotumbuka. Kuberekana muchirimo kunoitwa nemhodzi.
convolvulus
Iwo kirasi yemaruva ezhizha anokura gore rega rega, anobva munzvimbo dzakadzikama uye dzinodziya dzepasi. Iwo anoratidzwa nekuve nemaruva akasimba-akaita sehwamanda, emavara anogona kuve machena, violet-bluish, pink kana bicolor anoratidzwa nezuva. Vanogona kukura kusvika mamita maviri kumusoro, asi mukurima havawanzopfuura 2 cm. Iwo anonyanya kunakidza ekuvhara pasi, asi iwe unogona zvakare kuva nawo muhari.
Jerusarema artichokes
Perennial chirimwa 0,5 kusvika 2 m kureba, dzinde rakati twasu. Mashizha epetiolate akatarisana nechepasi pehunde, achichinjana kumusoro. Zvakare, iwo akafara uye ovoid ane jagged micheto; iyo yakaderera inogona kureba 30 cm, iyo yepamusoro idiki uye yakamanikana. Kana ari maruva emuti uyu, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti ndeyero uye nehupamhi hwe 5 kusvika ku10 centimita. Iyo florets inosvika makumi matatu uye ine ruvara rwakafanana. Michero yacho achenes yakafanana chaizvo neaya esunflower, kureva, ane villain ane 2 main awns e9-12mm uye 1 kana 2 madiki deltoids.
Begonia
Imhando yemiti yerudzi rweBegoniaceae. Inowanikwa kunzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAmerica, Africa neAsia. Maruva anosiyana-siyana muchimiro uye ukuru, ruvara rwuri rwakakosha zvikuru nekuti rwakanyanya uye rwakapfava. Kune marudzi anosvika chiuru nemazana mashanu mukati merudzi urwu, asi zana nemakumi mashanu chete ndiwo anoshandiswa kugadzira nzvimbo. Iwo mapeti ane hunhu hwakanyanya, nekuda kwehukuru hwawo, hupamhi uye kureruka, ane helix chimiro chakarongwa muzvikamu chimwe pamusoro peimwe. Pamusoro pekumiririrwa kwemhando dzakasanganiswa, pane zvakare pink uye tsvuku pakati pemavara.
Kana iwe wakafarira chinyorwa ichi Ndeapi maruva ezhizha uye ari sei? uye uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezve dzimwe nyaya dzinonakidza, unogona kutarisa zvinotevera zvinongedzo: