Katsi dzakaperekedza vanhu kubva kare uye, mumazana emakore, Vakave imwe yemhuka dzinodiwa uye dzisinganzwisisike dziripo.Kusiyana kwavo kwakakura uye kunonakidza zvekuti kuongorora marudzi emakatsi epasi rese kunoreva kuwana kwete misiyano yemuviri chete, asiwo nyaya dzakasiyana dzekuchinja kwevanhu, kutama, uye kusarudzwa.
Munyaya ino tichanyura mukati mavambo uye zvakasarudzika zvemhando zhinji dzehadzi zvinozivikanwa pasi rose, zvichifukidza zvese kubva kunhoroondo yavo netsika nemagariro kusvika kushanduko dzechisikigo, michinjikwa inokatyamadza, uye zvinhu zvinosiyana zvinovaita vakasiyana. Gadzirira kuzama zvakadzama munyika inonakidza yemhando dzekatsi: kubva maitiro ayo emuviri, mavara uye ngano, kuzvinhu zvakakonzera kushanduka kwayo nekufamba kwenguva.
Ndeapi marudzi emakati aripo uye anouya sei?
Huwandu hwemhando dzemhuka dzinozivikanwa dzinosiyana zvichienderana nesangano repasi rose rinodzironga., asi tinogona kutaura kuti kune marudzi anopfuura makumi manomwe anozivikanwa pasi rose. Semuenzaniso, International Cat Association (TICA) inoverenga dzinenge 73 mhando dzemhando dzepamutemo, Nepo International Federation of Felines (FIFe) nemamwe masangano anogona kuunganidza kana kuaisa mumapoka akasiyana zvichienderana nemaitiro akadai sehukuru, bhachi, kana morphology.
Mhuka idzi dzakabuda kuburikidza nenzira dzakawanda: kushanduka-shanduka, kusanganiswa kwechisikigo, kusanganisa-inotungamirwa nevanhu, uye kuchinjika kwenzvimbo mumakondinendi. Nekudaro, mamwe madzinza mhedzisiro yemazana emakore ekugarisana mune yakatarwa nharaunda, nepo mamwe akagadzirwa murabhoritari kana kuburikidza nemaune sarudzo kuti awane chaiwo maitiro.
Kwakatangira uye nhoroondo yemhando dzemhuka
Kuchengetwa kwekatsi kunotanga makore 9.500 apfuura kuMiddle East., uko katsi dzomusango dzokutanga dzinonyora Felis lybica (African wildcat) yakatanga kushamwaridzana nenzanga dzevanhu, ichikwezvwa nekuwanda kwemakonzo munzvimbo dzinogara kurima. Uhu hukama hwesymbiotic hwakafarira kubuda kwekatsi dzakachinjirwa kugarisana kwevanhu, dzichiisa hwaro hwemhando dzatinoziva nhasi se. Felis katu.
Mhando dzekutanga dzinozivikanwa hadzina kuoneka kusvika muzana ramakore rechi 19, apo maratidziro ekutanga ekitsi akarongeka uye kubereka kwakasarudzika kwakatanga kuwana mukurumbira muEurope, kunyanya muGreat Britain. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, katsi dzaikosheswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekugona kwavo kuvhima zvipembenene, asi maitiro avo emuviri uye hunhu zvishoma nezvishoma akawana kutariswa, achivhura nzira yekusiyana kunoshamisa.
Pakati penzira dzakapa kuti pave nembeu itsva kutaridzika kwekuchinja kwechisikigo (kwakadai seManx isina muswe) uye kusanganiswa kwemajini, pamwe nekudyidzana pakati pemhando dziripo kuti dzive nechitarisiko chaicho kana chimiro. Mienzaniso yekare ndeyeHimalayan (mugumisiro wemuchinjikwa wakarongwa pakati pePezhiya neSiamese) kana mhando itsva dzakadai seSphynx (katsi isina mvere, yakagadzirwa kubva pakushanduka-shanduka uye inochengetwa nekusarudzwa).
International Classification of Cat Breeds
Masangano akati wandei akaronga masisitimu emhando dzemhando dzehadzi pasi rese, imwe yeinonyanya kushandiswa kuve iyo yeInternational Feline Federation (FIFe), iyo inoisa katsi muzvikamu zvina zvakakura zvichienderana nerudzi rwejasi uye morphology:
- Chikamu I: Makati ane miviri mipfupi uye yakasimba, yakadai sePezhiya (bvudzi refu) uye Exotic (bvudzi pfupi asi chimiro chakafanana nePezhiya).
- Chikamu II: Semi-refu-bvudzi, pakati-bvudzi, uye tsandanyama mhando, kusanganisira Maine Coon, Ragdoll, Siberian, Turkish Angora, Norwegian Forest Cat, Turkish Van, uye Sacred Burmese, pakati pevamwe.
- Chikamu III: Mhando dzakawanda dzebvudzi-pfupi, muenzaniso wezvakasiyana uye zvakabva: Abyssinian, Bengal, British Shorthair, Burmese, Japanese Bobtail, Chartreux, Cornish Rex, Devon Rex, Manx, Egypt Mau, Sphynx, pakati pevamwe.
- Chikamu IV: Slender Oriental katsi, akadai seSiamese, Oriental Shorthair, Longhair, Balinese, Seychellois uye zvimwe zvizvarwa zveAsia dzinza.
Kusarudzika uku kunotibatsira kunzwisisa kufanana uye mutsauko pakati pezvipfuyo, asi zvakare kunoratidza kuti kusarudzwa uye nharaunda zvakaumba sei katsi yemumba nenzira dzakasiyana kwazvo zvichienderana nelatitude uye zvido zvevanhu.
Katsi dzinobereka maererano nekukura kwayo
Saizi ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukwezva kutarisa kana uchitsvaga mhuka dzemhuka, sezvo paine katsi hombe uye zvakare madiki madiki ane nyaya dzawo uye akasiyana hunhu.
Katsi hombe uye hofori
- Maine Coons: Dzichitorwa serudzi rukuru rwemumba, katsi idzi dzinogona kurema kudarika 10 kg uye dzinokura kusvika kudarika mita pakureba. Ivo vanozivikanwa nehunhu hwavo hwekushamwaridzana, jasi gobvu, uye kugona kuvhima munzvimbo dzinotonhora. Native kuNorth America, vave zvidhori zvechokwadi mukuratidzira uye mudzimba.
- highlander: Rudzi urwu mupiyaniso pakati pe lynx neAmerican Curl, uye inokwevera kutariswa kwenzeve dzayo dzakakombama uye kutaridzika kwemuviri. Pasinei nechitarisiko chayo chomusango, chine rudo uye chinotamba.
- Ragamuffin: Vanogona kusvika 13 kg uye kupfuura 80 masendimita pakureba. Ivo vanozivikanwa nehunhu hwavo hwerudo uye kudzikama.
- Selkirk Rex: Inonyanya kudanwa kuti "poodle katsi" nekuda kwejasi rayo rakamonereka, rakakura, rinosanganisa saizi yakakura nehunhu hwakasununguka.
- ChiBengali: Nechitarisiko chinoyeuchidza ingwe, ikati ine simba, inoshamwaridzana uye ine simba kwazvo.
Katsi diki
- Singapowo: Rudzi rudiki runozivikanwa munyika yefeline. Idzo ikati dzakakura dzine mvere pfupi uye maziso makuru, anozivikanwa nekushanda uye kushamwaridzana.
- Munchkin: Chimiro chayo chikuru makumbo mapfupi, mhedzisiro ye genetic mutation inopa iyo inoyevedza uye yakasarudzika chitarisiko. Kunyangwe idiki muhukuru, inomhanya zvakanyanya uye inotamba.
- Minskin: Mhedzisiro yekuyambuka Munchkin uye Sphynx, idiki uye ine vhudzi shoma, izvo zvinoda kunyatsotarisisa ganda rayo.
- Devon Rex: Mudiki mumutumbi, asi ane nzeve huru nemeso, anozivikanwa nekuda kwesimba rake uye rudo.
- Korat: Rudzi rwechinyakare rwekubva kuThai, diki, mutete, uye ane rudo uye kutaurirana.
Katsi inobereka maererano nerudzi rwebhachi
Majasi akasiyana-siyana pamakati anoshamisa, kubva pamifananidzo isina mvere kusvika kune iyo inoratidzika yakaputirwa mugore remvere.. Mhando yejasi haingotaridzi chete aesthetics, asiwo kutarisirwa kunodiwa uye, kazhinji, kwakabva uye nhoroondo yerudzi.
Katsi dzine mvere refu, dzakakora
- ChiPersian: Bhachi rayo refu, gobvu, rine sirika chiratidzo chayo; kudzikama kwayo uye hunhu hwakapfava hunoita kuti ive yemhando yepamusoro pakati pevanoda katsi.
- Turkish Angora: Imwe yemhando dzekare, inozivikanwa nejasi rayo refu, rakapfava. Pakutanga kubva kuTürkiye, yakachengetedzwa ine kushoma kuyambuka, kuchengetedza hunhu hwayo hwepakutanga.
- Maine Coon uye Norwegian Forest Cat: Marudzi ese ari maviri anochinjirwa kumamiriro ekunze anotonhora, uye ane mvere dzakawanda, dzisingaite mvura.
- Mvere dzeJapan Bobtail: Inoshamisira nekuda kwemvere dzayo dzakachena uye muswe wayo wakaita sepomu.
Makatsi ane bvudzi pfupi
- British Shorthair: Imwe yekare, ine mapfupi, dense, mvura isina mvura uye hunhu hwakadzikama.
- Russian Blue: Yakapetwa kaviri yehudzi iyo inopa iyo yakasarudzika kutaridzika kwebluish, pamwe nekukosha kwekunzwa.
- Mumbai: Bvudzi rake pfupi, jeti-dema rakasiyana sehunhu hwake hwehushamwari uye meow yakasarudzika.
katsi dzisina bvudzi
- Sphynx: Kuzivikanwa sekatsi yekutanga yepamutemo isina bvudzi, yakabuda muCanada kuburikidza nekuchinja kwechisikigo. Yakanyanya kushamwaridzana, inoda kuziva, uye inoda kuonana nevanhu.
- Elf: Musanganiswa pakati peSphynx neAmerican Curl, inomira kunze kwekukombama kwenzeve dzayo uye kusakwana kwayo kwebvudzi.
- Minskin uye Kohana: Mamwe marudzi asina bvudzi ane hunhu hwakasiyana, ese ane zvakakosha zvinodiwa zvekutarisira ganda uye tembiricha yezvakatipoteredza.
Nzvimbo yega yega yepasi yakapa mijaho ine nhoroondo chaiyo uye hunhu.
Marudzi mazhinji ane nhoroondo chaiyo uye hunhu hunoratidza dunhu netsika kwaanobva., kazhinji zvine chokuita netsika dzomunzvimbomo, ngano kana kuti zvinodikanwa.
- Ijipita: IEgyptian Mau ndeimwe yemarudzi ekare, anoremekedzwa muEgypt yekare uye inoratidzwa mumabasa asingaverengeki emifananidzo, ngano, uye mummifications.
- Persia: Persian, yakaunzwa kuEurope kubva kuMiddle East muzana ramakore rechi 17, yakanakidzwa nekufarirwa nevakuru uye yakafemerwa mifananidzo uye miunganidzwa yehunyanzvi.
- Thailand: Katsi yeSiamese neKorat vanozvarwa munharaunda ino, yakabatana nematemberi echiBuddha uye zviratidzo zverombo rakanaka.
- Teki: ITurkish Angora neTurkish Van inochengetedza yekare inoshamisa, ichikosheswa zvakanyanya nekunaka kwavo uye kuchena kwemajini.
- Japan: Iyo Japanese Bobtail, ine muswe wayo mupfupi, wakamonereka, chikamu chakakosha chetsika dzechiJapan uye yakaonekwa mumabasa mazhinji ehunyanzvi.
- Russia: Iyo yeRussia Bhuruu uye yeSiberian Blue mienzaniso yekuchinjika kune yakanyanyisa mamiriro ekunze uye hukama hurefu nemhuri dzenharaunda.
- United States neCanada: Vakaona kubuda kwemhando dzakadai seMaine Coon, American Shorthair neSphynx, zvichiratidza kusiyana kwemajini uye kuyambuka pakati pemadzinza ekuzvarwa nekunze.
Mamwe marudzi achangoburwa akagadzirwa zvachose nevanhu, senge Ashera, hybrid yakagadzirwa murabhoritari muUnited States, kana Bengal, mhedzisiro yekuronga kuberekesa nekatsi dzemusango kuti vawane chitarisiko chinoshamisa uye hunhu hwepamba.
Marudzi ekare: nhoroondo, ngano uye chokwadi
Nhoroondo yekatsi inoratidzwa nengano uye ngano mumarudzi ose.Mamwe madzinza anoonekwa seaya echokwadi ehupenyu zvisaririra nekuda kwekwaakabva ekare uye kuvapo kwawo muzvinyorwa zvekare kana hunyanzvi.
- Egypt Mau: Yakabatanidzwa namwarikadzi Bastet, yainzi itsvene uye sosi yerombo rakanaka. Vazukuru vayo vemazuva ano vanochengeta mvere dzine mavara uye maziso egirinhi anoratidzwa muunyanzvi hwepharaonic.
- ChiPersian: Yekusava nechokwadi kwakabva, asi yakanyorwa muEurope kubva muzana ramakore rechi 17, yaive chiratidzo chechimiro uye mutambarakede, pamwe nechidimbu chinoshuvira mukuratidzira kwepasirese.
- Siamese: Akanyorwa kubva muzana ramakore rechi 14 muzvinyorwa zveThai, aive muchengeti wematemberi nemizinda.
- Turkish Angora: Yakatovako mumanyoro uye nyaya kubva muzana ramakore rechi 15, yakafarikanya mukurumbira mukuru mudare reOttoman uye gare gare muEurope.
- Abyssinian: Kunyangwe mabviro ayo chaiwo anopokana, mamwe anoiisa muEthiopia (yekare Abyssinia) uye anoibatanidza nekatsi dzinoratidzwa muEgypt frescoes.
Mhando dzemazuva ano: hutsva uye sarudzo dzinoshamisa
Muzana ramakore rechi 19 uye, pamusoro pezvose, 20 uye 21st mazana emakore dzave nguva dzehunyanzvi hutsva mukupfuya nekuvandudzwa kwemhando itsva dzehadzi.Vapfuri vakatsvaga hunhu chaihwo, hungave hwerunako, hunhu, kana kungoda kuziva zviri nyore.
- Sphynx: Mumwe wemienzaniso yakatanhamara yesarudzo yemazuva ano, inomuka kubva mukungoerekana yachinja genetic uye yakagadziriswa kuburikidza neyakarongwa kuyambuka.
- Ashera: Controversial hybrid, mhedzisiro yekusanganiswa kwerabhoritari yemhuka dzemumba nedzemusango, kunyanya kukoshesa kushomeka kwayo uye mutengo wepamusoro.
- ChiBengali: Irikutsvakwa nekuda kwebhachi rayo rine mavara uye hunhu hunofadza, katsi iyi yakasanganiswa yekatsi yemumba uye katsi yekuAsia ingwe.
- Bambino, Minskin, Ukrainian Levkoy uye Elf: Marudzi matsva akagadzirwa mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, mazhinji acho ari mhedzisiro yekuyambuka mbesa dzisina mvere dzine mapfupi-makumbo marefu kana mbesa dzine nzeve dzine chimiro chisina kujairika.
Hunhu hwakasiyana uye hukasha hwemarudzi emarudzi
Kupfuura chitarisiko, rudzi rumwe norumwe rune hunhu uye zvinodiwa., izvo zvinoita kuti vanyatsokodzera mamwe marudzi edzimba kana mhuri. Dzimwe dzinza dzinoshamwaridzana, dzinoshamwaridzana, uye dzinotamba, nepo dzimwe dzichida kuzvimirira uye kudzikama.
- Ragdoll: Inozivikanwa nekuramba yakasununguka zvachose mumaoko emuridzi wayo, yakanakira avo vanotsvaga akadzikama uye ane rudo mufambidzani.
- Siamese: Kunyanya kutaura uye kunoenderana nekusangana kwevanhu, zvinoda kugara uchitariswa nekukurudzira.
- Maine Coons: Kushamwaridzana, kushivirira vana nemhuka, uye neruzivo rwakakura rwekuvhima.
- Devon Rex uye Cornish Rex: Akanyanya kusimba uye ane misikanzwa, pamwe nerudo uye akavimbika.
- Mumbai: Akanyanya rudo uye ari nyore kudzidzisa, achichinjika zvakakwana kumafurati uye mhuri dzinoshanda.
- Sphynx, Minskin uye marudzi asina bvudzi: Vanoda kuchengetwa kweganda uye kuchengetedzwa kubva kune tembiricha yakanyanyisa, asi vanowanzo vimba zvakanyanya uye vane rudo nevanovachengeta.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise hunhu hwemhando yega yega usati watora kana kutenga katsi, kuve nechokwadi kuti inoenderana nemararamiro emhuri yako uye zvaunotarisira iwe pachako.
Tsika dzakasiyana dzakapesvedzera sei marudzi ehadzi?
Tsika dzevanhu dzakasiya mucherechedzo usingadzimiki pamusoro pekushanduka uye kukoshesa marudzi akasiyana ehadzi.Kubva pakunamatwa kwekatsi muEgypt uye kuvapo kwavo mutemberi nedzimba dzeumambo muAsia, kusvika pakusarudzwa kwemajini muEurope neAmerica, zvido zvetsika zvakafambisa zvose kusikwa kwemarudzi matsva uye kuchengetedzwa kwemadzinza ekare.
MuEgipita, katsi dzakaitwa vanamwari, uye nanhasi Mau weEgypt chiratidzo chenhaka iyoyo. MuThailand, Siamese yaiva chiratidzo chesimba rakanaka uye kudzivirirwa kwemweya. MuJapan, iyo yeJapan Bobtail ine hukuru hwehunyanzvi hwekuita, uye mukati Russia Mhuka dzakasimba uye dzisingatonhori dzakagadzirwa, dzinokosheswa zvikuru nekuda kwekuvimbika uye kunaka kwavo.
Munguva yemazuva ano, the kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi rose nekutsinhana kwenyika dzevaridzi Vakawedzera kugadzirwa kwemarudzi matsva uye kununurwa kwemadzinza ari mungozi, vachikurudzira kusiyana kusati kwamboitika munhoroondo yemhuka.
Kukosha kwemajini uye shanduko mumarudzi emazuva ano
Genetics inoita basa rakakosha mukubuda kwemhando itsva uye mukuchengetedza hunhu hwakasiyana.Mazhinji emarudzi emazuva ano imhanho yekuchinja kwechisikigo uko, nekuti kunoonekwa kunokwezva kana kuti hakuna kujairika, kwakagadziriswa nekusarudza.
- Manx: Pakutanga kubva kuIsle of Man, ine mukurumbira nekusava nemuswe (kana mupfupi kwazvo), hunhu hunobva mukushanduka kwega.
- Cornish Rex, Devon Rex, German Rex: Mhuka dzakazvimirira asi neyakajairwa bhachi ravo rakamonana, mhedzisiro yekusiyana kwekuchinja kwekuchinja.
- American Curl: Nzeve dzadzo dzakachinjika kumashure ndiyo hunhu hwakanyanya hwekushanduka hwakaonekwa muCalifornia muma80s uye hwakazvarwa kubva ipapo.
- Munchkin: Makumbo mapfupi anobva mukuchinja uko, kure nekuganhurira hupenyu hwemhuka, kwakapa kuti pave nerudzi rwunonyanya kufarirwa uye runokosheswa.
Kusiyana kwemarudzi uye kukanganisa kwaro pakugarisana nevanhu
Hwakawanda hwemhando dzemhando dzemhuka dziripo nhasi dzinokutendera iwe kuti uwane iyo yakakwana shamwari yeese mararamiro, mhuri kana hunhu.Kubva pakitsi dzinonyanya rudo uye dzinotsamira kune avo vanofarira rusununguko uye kunyarara, pane dzinza rese zvaunofarira.
Mamwe marudzi, akadai seRagdoll kana Siberian Husky, akanakira mhuri dzine vana., nepo veSiamese kana vekuMabvazuva vangave vakakodzera zviri nani kune vanoshingaira, vanhu vanoshamwaridzana. Mhuka dzisina vhudzi kana dzakakosha-kutarisira, seSphynx, dzinoda vachengeti vane hanya uye vane mutoro.
Chero zvazviri, katsi imwe neimwe yakasiyana, kunyangwe mukati merudzi rwayo, uye zvinoda kutariswa, rudo uye kunzwisisa kuti unyatsokura senhengo yemhuri.