Kubereka kwemapere inyaya inofarirwa nevakawanda, sezvo huwandu hwavo husina huwandu hwakanyanya kana huchienzaniswa nezvinotendwa nevamwe, uye kune vanaamai rave basa rakaoma kuona kuti havafe nenzara uye vakura zvizere. Muchikamu chino tichakuratidza kuti mapere anozvarwa sei.
Ngatizivei zvishoma nezveMapere
Mabheya mhuka dzinoyamwisa omnivorous, dzinodya zvinomera zvakaita semichero, zvirimwa nemidzi, asi dzinodyawo zvipembenene nenyama, miviri yavo mikuru inogona kuyera magiramu 700 paavhareji, uye inogona kuyera pakati pe1 ne2 m kureba. Ivo vanozivikanwa nenzira yavo yekufamba, sezvo vachitsigira huremu hwavo hwose pamakumbo avo eshure, imhuka dzakakora, dzine chitarisiko nyoro, asi dzine hunhu hune ngozi zvikuru, hadzina pfungwa yokuona nokunzwa, naizvozvo vanoshandisa pfungwa yekunhuwidza inongonzwa kuti yakagadzirika chaizvo uye nenzira yechienzi.
Iwo akagoverwa muEurope yose, America neAsia, umo marudzi azvo emapere anogara zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze kana mwaka. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwemapere, ruvara rwemvere dzawo ruchaenderana. Mapere anozivikanwa nekuve imwe yemhuka hombe pasi pano, chokwadi, bere re polar rinodya chete nyama nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze kwaro kuti riwane mamwe marudzi echikafu.
Idzo mhuka dzinoyamwisa dzine maitiro ekuve ega, dzinodzivirira chero rudzi rwekubatana, kunyanya munhu. Nguva chete yadzinongoonekwa dzichiperekedzwa inguva yekusangana, imwe nzira yekuona kushamwaridzana pakati pemapere iri pakati paamai nevana vavo.
Kubereka Nzira
Nguva yepabonde yemapere inowanzotanga pakati pemakore 3 - 9. Imo mhuka imwe neimwe ine kumuka kwayo kwepabonde pazera rayo, umo mabheya matema uye polar anokura pabonde nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe, achiita izvi pakati pemakore 3-9, mabrown anoita kudaro pakati pemakore 4-5, uye iyo inoratidza. kushomeka kwechinyorwa ichi ibheya repanda rinoratidza kufarira kusvirana pakati pemakore mashanu - 5 ezera.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chinopesvedzera zvikuru rudzi rwemhando inguva, sezvo isina kufanana kumarudzi ese emapere, panda dzinowanzova nenguva yadzo yekuberekesa pakati paKurume naMay, mashava pakati paMay naChikumi. Kubvumbi, bere dema kubva muna Chivabvu kusvika Nyamavhuvhu, kune bere rimwe chete rinosimudzirwa kukutonga kwenguva, iro ndiro mhuka ine simba rekubereka gore rose kana ichida.
Hono dzinofanirwa kuita nhamburiko huru kuti dzikwanise kusvirana nehadzi, dzinofamba nzendo refu kuti dzisvike hadzi, ndipo panotangira kupfimbana, mukono unotanga kuswedera kumukadzi, wofura. pedyo naye kwemazuva akati wandei, mapere anotanga kupuruzira nekukwesha mhino, mukono unotora mukana wenguva idzodzo kunhuwidza uye kuona kana kuri kunzwanana.
Kana bere rikasabvuma, rinodzinga nekukanha nekuruma. Mumwaka wekusangana, varume vanotarisana kuti vatarise mukadzi, vanoitawo izvi kuratidza simba ravo uye hunhu, varume vakuru vanotya nekuda kwehukuru hwavo uye simba, ndosaka mune dzimwe nguva vasina. kwave kuri madikanwa kushandisa masimba masimba nechisimba, zvisinei, apo kunetsana kunoitwa kunogona kuva kwoutsinye zvikuru, kuwana miuyo yakakomba.
Imwe nzira yokuti hadzi irambire mukono ndeyokuramba wakagara, nokudaro uchidzivisa mukono kuedza kumukwira. Murume wacho anotamba nemoyo murefu uye zvakanaka nemukadzi, achiedza kuumba chisungo naye, pasinei nokuti ichava ephemeral.
Mapere, ayo anoreva nhanho yavo yepabonde, anoonekwa seane hutsinye uye ane hupombwe, nekuda kwekukurumidza kushandiswa kwepabonde kwemumwe wake, zvinoreva kuti, kana mukadzi akabvuma kukokwa kwemurume pakusangana, anobva aenderera mberi nekumukwidza, mushure meizvi murume anomurasa, anomufuratira oita kumwe kutsvaga mamwe madzimai ari mukupisa, varume nevakadzi vari pabarika, vanotsvaka vakasiyana-siyana vavanosangana navo pabonde, chaizvoizvo zvave zvichiratidzwa kuti marata emapere ndee multiple paternity.
Kubata
Kubata kwemapere kunosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi, bere rebrown rinotora mwedzi miviri, mupanda 2 mwedzi, mutema 5 mwedzi, mune sloth 7 mwedzi.
Chimwe chinhu chakanyanya pakati peiyi nhumbu umo mabheya anogona kuchengetedza urume mumuviri wavo uye orega kuti ibereke pavanenge vachifunga kuti ndiyo nguva yakanaka, kazhinji izvi zvakadzika midzi mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kuwanikwa kwechikafu uye kutarisirwa kunotevera kunogona kupihwa kune izvi. , pane zvinhu zvakati kuti zvakadzika midzi mukukura kwakanakisisa kwomwana wako muduku.
Mhosva idzi dzinowanzoonekwa kakawanda nemapolar bears uye black bears, polar bere inomisa kubata kwebere cub nokuti inoda kuunganidza simba nemafuta kuti ikwanise kuenderera mberi nengozi shoma yekuve nepamuviri, izvi zvinokonzerwa nepamusoro. tembiricha izvo Vanofanira kutsungirira, zvichienderana nemwaka tembiricha inodonha zvakanyanya, bere dema rinogona kumbomira kubata kwaro kusvika kumavhiki gumi kuitira kudzivirira mwana waro kuti asazvarwa mumwaka wekudonha.
Mapere anozvarwa sei?
Zvinoenderana nekugara kwechisikigo kwemarudzi ega ega, vanaamai vanopa hutiziro hwakanaka hwekuzvarwa kwavo nekukura, umo mapere ane bako kana bheya nekuda kweichi chinangwa, panzvimbo iyo bere repolar rinofanira kuchera utiziro hwaro nevana varo munzvimbo. ice. Mukadzi anogona kuva nevana 2 kana vatatu, kunze kwekunge iri nyaya yakasarudzika anogona kuita vana, vanowanzonzi marara.
Nguva yekusununguka muzviitiko zvakawanda inowanzova nyore uye pasina chero dambudziko kana guru, nezviitiko zvishomanana umo kurasikirwa kwevana kwakanyoreswa, zviduku pakuberekwa, kazhinji hazvina simba, hazviverengeki neyakagadzirwa. kuona, asi havagoni kuona, mvere dzavo hadzina, uye havana pfungwa dzokunzwa uye kunhuwa, izvo zvavanovimba zvachose naamai vavo kuti vakwanise kurarama mumwedzi yekutanga yehupenyu, munguva ino vanonamatira zvachose. her.
Kuberekesa
Mumwedzi mitatu yekutanga, vana vanodya chete pamukaka wezamu, unoumbwa nemafuta akawanda uye zvokudya zvinobatsira kukurumidza kukura. Mapere anozodyawo rumwe rudzi rwechikafu chinenge chakasimba, zvishoma nezvishoma achadzidza kurarama ari ega kusvikira nguva yasvika yekuzvimiririra kubva kuna amai vawo, avo mukukura kwavo nekukura vakazvitsaurira pakuchengeta. nekuda nekuvadzivirira, achivachengeta padyo nemaparamita aanoona ari nyore.
Vanaamai vari mukukura kwevana vavo, vanovachengeta uye kuvachengetedza nekuzvipira kukuru, kana vakanyanya kure nemeso ake anobva atoenda kunovatsvaga, achivapa chengetedzo, kugadzikana, pekugara uye chikafu mukati. chikamu chavo chekukura, hama diki Vanowanzokudziridza kubatana pakati pavo, vanogona kuonekwa vachitamba kana kurwa nenzira ine ushamwari.
Mushure megore, mabheya madiki anotodya mamwe marudzi ezvikafu zvakanyanya kusimba, senge michero, tumbuyu uye mune dzimwe nguva nyama, polar bere rinongopa nyama sechikafu chevana vavo chete, vanogona kushanda zvirinani munzvimbo yavo. , uye haatsamiri pana amai vake nokuda kwezvinodikanwa zvake zvezuva nezuva.
Meso madiki ane kodzero yekusarudza kuti ogara naamai vavo kwenguva yakati rebei, chokwadi haachatarisiri bere maererano nekuchengeteka kwake uye chikafu, amai nevana vacharamba vachienda pamwe chete kwegore. kazhinji ndiko kuparadzana kuzere kwemhuri, mapere anotanga nhanho yekupisa, saka anopatsanura nzira dzawo kuti akwanise kubereka nehadzi dzinogamuchira.
Dzimwe nguva hama dzinoparadzana naamai pamwe chete uye dzinoita pakutanga kwehupenyu hwavo pasina iye pamwe chete, izvi hazviwanzoitiki zvachose kana, pakupedzisira hama dzinoparadzana kuti dzienderere mberi nehupenyu hwavo muhukuru, parwendo rwavo vakasiyana vachatsvaga vakakwana. nzvimbo yekuimisa seimba yako uye kutanga mwaka wayo wekubereka.
Hadzi dzinofanira kumirira makore matatu kuti dzibereke zvakare, pano zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvichatamba sekuchinja kwemwaka, kushomeka kwechikafu uye kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza. Pakati pemhando dzemabheya, izvo zvinowanzove nevana vashoma zvichienzaniswa nemamwe mapere ebrown uye pandas, chokwadi panda bere hariwanzo kuratidza kufarira uye kutora chikamu kana zvasvika pakubereka, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudyiwa kwe bamboo, izvo zvinoderedza kugadzirwa kwavo urume uye kufarira pabonde.
Mapere anotarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma nhasi kuti akwanise kudyisa uye kupa budiriro yakanaka kuvana vavo, nekuda kwekushomeka kwechikafu uye nzvimbo yaanowanikwa, imwe yenyaya inosuruvarisa ndeye iyo polar bears, sezvo iyo zvinozivikanwa kuti vana vakawanda havana kukwanisa kurarama nekuda kwekuoma kwazvakaita kuti amai vavo vawane zvokudya munzvimbo yavo.
Hupenyu hunotarisirwa hwemapere kazhinji makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu kana vakasununguka musango, nhamba inokwira kana vari muutapwa, vachirarama kusvika kumakore makumi matatu, zvichida zvishoma, zvose zvinoenderana nerudzi rwebheya. chero bere ripi zvaro, sezvo bere rebrown richirarama pakati pemakore 20 - 25, uye grizzly pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu.
Usabva usina kutanga waverenga zvinyorwa zvinotevera: