Kufanana nemiti inodyiwa yakaita sespinachi neborage, mandrake chirimwa chemusango chakafanana nechataurwa, asi chine chepfu yakawanda . Chinokonzera kurwadziwa mudumbu, kurutsa, tachycardia, uye kuona zvinhu zvisipo. Muzviitiko zvakakomba zvemuchetura, chinogonawo kutungamira kukoma nerufu.
Mandrake ( Mandragora officinarum ) chirimwa chiri chemhuri ye nightshade. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hune chepfu uye hunokonzera kufungidzira, pamwe chete nechimiro chinoshamisa chemudzi wayo muchirimo, yaimboonekwa se "yemashiripiti" uye yakapihwa masimba epamusoro mutsika dzakawanda dzevanhu. MuItaly, mandrake (inozivikanwawo se mandragola) inokura musango. Kune vasina kudzidziswa, inogona kuvhiringidzwa zviri nyore nemiti inodyiwa senge borage nesipinachi, iyo yakafanana nayo muchitarisiko. Hazvisi tsaona kuti yakakonzera chepfu mune dzinoverengeka zviitiko.
Chii chinonzi madrágora
Muti wemudharake, chirimwa chiri muboka remaangiosperm ane dicotyledonous, unotumbuka mumatsutso uye unoratidza maruva ebhuruu rakachenuruka. Mashizha awo madiki, akafukidzwa nefuzz isinganyatsooneki, akareba uye anotarisa kuita denderedzwa. Michero yawo, michero ine nyama, ndeyeyero. Zvisinei, chinhu chayo chinonyanya kusiyanisa mudzi wayo, unowanzoita forogo, iyo mune dzimwe mhando, kunyanya munguva yechirimo, inoratidza hunhu hwemunhu. Chinhu ichi, pamwe chete nehunhu hwayo, chakaita kuti ive "inodiwa nevaroyi," zvichiiisa pakati pemitambo yakawanda yemashiripiti uye zvitendero zvakakurumbira. Inobatanidzwawo nezvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana nekuda kwesimba rayo patsika dzakakurumbira.
Nei ine chepfu?
Kufanana nemimwe miriwo iri mumhuri ye nightshade, mandrake yakapfuma mu alkaloids, zvichiita kuti ive ine chepfu uye isingadyike. Pakati pezvinhu zvine chepfu zviri mumuti uyu pane atropine, scopolamine, uye hyoscyamine, izvo, zvisinei, zvinewo hunyanzvi hwekurapa hwakakwana. Hazvisi tsaona kuti mandrake yaishandiswa kare kare semushonga une simba wekurwadziwa, pamwe nekukurudzira kurara nesimba repabonde (yaibatanidzwa nehunyanzvi hwe aphrodisiac). Muchokwadi, hunyanzvi hwezvinhu zvayo zvinoshanda zvinonyanya kuve narcotic, marwadzo, uye kunyaradza. Zvisinei, chepfu yayo yakawandisa inodzivirira kushandiswa kwayo mumishonga yemishonga, kunyangwe nyanzvi dze homeopaths dzichigona kugadzira mishonga inobva ku mandrake.
Marwadzo uye kufungidzira: chii chinoitika?
Huturu hunosiyana-siyana muchibage chose, huwandu hwakanyanya hunowanikwa mumudzi wacho wakasiyana. Migumisiro yacho, iyo inogona kukonzera kukotama nerufu kana paine chepfu yakanyanya, inowanzo sanganisira kurwadziwa mudumbu, tachycardia, kurutsa, BP yakakwira, uye pfari . Kana mishonga ine chepfu ikapfuura mwero wakati, kuona zvinhu zvisipo, kukanganwa, uye kuda pabonde (saka hunhu hwayo 'hwekufadza') zvinogona kuitika, zvakafanana nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana. Kuona zvinhu zvisipo kunogona kuva kwekuona uye kwekunzwa uye kazhinji kunoenderana nekurwadziwa mudumbu.
nhau dzekudhakwa
Mandrake yave iri pakati penhau dzakawanda nekuti inotorwa semiti inodyiwa yakaita seborage, iyo inokurawo musango, uye sipinachi. Chikonzero chiri mukufanana kuripo pakati pemiti iyi, iyo ine musiyano mumaziso enyanzvi (semuenzaniso, chimiro chemashizha nehuwandu hwefuzz). Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika, semuenzaniso, kumhuri yakazopedzisira yava muchipatara mushure mekudya miriwo yakaomeswa nechando; zvinokwanisika kuti mandrake yakakura musango mumunda ikakohwewa, zvikauraya sipinachi. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvengano dzakabatana, unogona kutarisa mashura akasiyana-siyana pamusoro pemiti anosanganisira zvitendero zvekare.
Ngano
Mutsika dzechiGiriki, pane hukama pakati pemandrake, imbwa, namwarikadzi Hecate. Kutonga kwemwari uyu werima wepasi pevhu kunonyanya kusanganiswa nemakuva. Boka rengano dzekare nengano dzinowanikwa mutsika dzeEurope, Arabic, neAsia dzinotevera mavambo adzo kune imwe ngano. Kubva munyaya idzi kunobuda dingindira rakaiswa munguva yekwakabva vanhu, umo vanhu pachavo vanobva kumandrake , nokudaro vachishandisa mufananidzo wemidzi yemunhu.
Munyaya tinogona kuverenga sei "Varume vekutanga vangadai vaive mhuri yemamandaraki makuru anonzwa kuti zuva ringadai rakaita hupenyu uye kuti, ndoga, vangadai vakazvibvisa panyika.". Kana, chii "Munhu pakutanga akaonekwa pasi pano ari muchimiro chemamandireki anotyisa, anorarama nehupenyu hwekuzvarwa, uye mweya woWokumusoro-soro wakavamanikidza, nokuvashandura, nokuvabata zvakaipa, pakupedzisira vakavadzura; kuvashandura kuva vanhu vakapihwa pfungwa nemafambiro avo. Kubva pane izvi tinogona kugumisa kuti mumanda ine chokuita nengano yekwakabva munhu.”
Kunyangwe isiri ngano yekwakabva mandrake, zvinonakidza kuona kuti, mune idzi cosmogonies, mavambo echirimwa anotendwa kuti akakura kupfuura emunhu.
Sezvatinogona kuona, hapana ngano yechokwadi uye yakanyatsorongeka pamusoro pekwakabva mandrake yakasara. Mitemo mishomanene bedzi, iyo yakachinjwa nguva imwe neimwe, yakabudirira kupi nokupi muzvinodavirwa zvakakurumbira uye mungano. Chokwadi ndechekuti chirimwa ichi chine muchetura chaionekwa sechinyakare uye hazvisati zvazivikanwa kuti chakatanga here kana kuti pakutanga kwevanhu.
Zvimwe zvinotendwa
Midzi mikuru nemichero zvaive zvikamu zvechirimwa izvo zvaishandiswa pakurapa uye psychoactive mhedzisiro. Kubva kare, chimiro chemudzi chave chichishandiswa kuziva maitiro emurume kana mukadzi. Ichi chiziviso cheanthropomorphic chave chiri kurudziro mungano, zvitendero uye tsika dzine chekuita nechirimwa ichi.
Mabhuku akasiyana-siyana ekare anotaura nezvechitendero chekuti kana munhu akatongerwa rufu akasungirirwa, urume hwake kana weti, paanowira pasi, zvinobereka mandrake . Izvi zvinowanzoteverwa netsananguro yemaitiro ekukohwa chirimwa. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti chero ani zvake akaedza kuchibvisa, pamwe chete nemunhu wese akachigumbura netsaona kana kupfuura pedyo zvakanyanya, aizofa. Chitendero ichi chinotiwo kana imbwa nhema kana kuti inenge nhema ikasungirirwa, kungave nemuswe wayo kana mutsipa, kumudzi wechirimwa, ichaidzura, uye kunyange zvazvo imbwa ichifanira kuurayiwa, chirimwa chacho chinogona kushandiswa.
Mukushandurwa kwengano kuita chitendero chakakurumbira, chikonzero chechirevo chisina kururama chinonyangarika uye fananidzo inoreva munhu wese akasungirirwa.
Mandragora uye hukama hwayo nerufu
Kubatana kuripo pakati pemandrake nerufu kuripowo mune zvimwe zvitendero. Kazhinji, kuvapo kwemuti uyu kunobatanidzwa nenzvimbo dzinovigwa zvitunha, zvakaita senzvimbo dzakapoteredza makuva.
Mandrake yakaonekwawo semushonga weHomer unoshamisa wemolybdenum . Munyaya iyi, iri mubhuku rechigumi reOdyssey, ndimwari Hermes, "nhume yevamwari," anopa mushonga wemashiripiti kuna Odysseus. Chinangwa chaive chekuushandisa sedziviriro kubva kumushonga wemuroyikadzi Circe, anokwanisa kushandura vanhu kuita nguruve. Munyaya iyi, mushonga wemolybdenum unoita chiito chakasiyana nechemushonga wemashiripiti wekare: unodzivirira kushanduka kuita mhuka, pane kuukonzera.
Literature
Muradhike unozivikanwawo mutsika dzechiJudha uye uripo muTestamente Yekare. Unotaurwa munyaya ine zvinoreva "zvechihedheni", umo muti unoshandiswa senzvimbo yekutsinhana nechinhu chinosimudzira kufadza uye chinotungidza . Kutaura zvazviri, muti uyu wave uchionekwa, kwese kwese, sechinosimudzira kufadza kufadza. Hazvisi tsaona kuti Aphrodite, mwarikadzi wechiGiriki werudo, akapihwa zita remadunhurirwa rekuti Mandragoritis.
Ngano uye Harry Potter
Ngano inonyanya kuzivikanwa yakabatana nemandrake ndeye kuchema kwe 'mhondi' kubva pamudzi wayo kana yadzurwa, uye inobatanidzwa chaizvo kune yayo anthropomorphic fomu. Kuti uikohwe zvakachengeteka, maererano netsika yakakurumbira zvakare yakataurwa naMachiavelli, chirimwa chinofanira kusungirirwa imbwa kuti idzure. Nzira iyi inoshora mhuka, asi inovimbisa kuunganidzwa mu'kuchengeteka'. Kuchema kwemandrake kwaivewo protagonist muHarry Potter fantasy saga, muchitsauko Harry Potter uye Chamber of Secrets.