Zvingangodaro kuti pane chiitiko chinopfuura chimwe wanga uchitaura kana kucherechedza makungwa nemakungwa uye wawira mukuvhiringika kuti ungadoma sei chikamu chemvura chauri kureva, unoda kuziva kuti zvinonyatsosiyana sei?Zvakanaka, tinokurudzira kuti utevere kuverenga uku.
Chikonzero nei tichishandisa mazwi ekuti makungwa nemakungwa ndechekusiyanisa zvirinani nzvimbo dzakakura dzemvura, dzimwe dzakakura kupfuura dzimwe, nekuti dziri munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana uye dzakasiyanawo magariro.
Ose ari maviri anoumba nzvimbo dzakakura dzemvura yemunyu, kusiyana nemadziva nenzizi dzakakura, dzine marudzi mazhinji ezvipfuyo, fauna nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha kuhurongwa hwehupfumi hwenyika dziri pamhenderekedzo dzadzo, tichifungawo nezvehupfumi hwepanyama. iyo inogona kuwanikwa mukudzika kwayo, iyo inoumba Continental drift.
Makungwa chii?
Chekutanga, tinofanira kunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pe makungwa nemakungwa, nokuda kweizvi tinofanira kujekesa kuti pfungwa imwe neimwe inorevei pachayo. Netsanangudzo iyoyo tichakwanisa kusiyanisa imwe kubva kune imwe pakupera kwekuverenga chinyorwa ichi, pasina kukanganisa mune ramangwana.
Eya, nyanza inzvimbo huru dzemvura ine munyu inoumba chikamu cheEarth's hydrosphere. Idzi inzvimbo dzinozadza nzvimbo huru yepasi nemvura. Pane makungwa mashanu papasi rose, umo mvura yenyika yose yakakamurwa. Makungwa aya ndeaya:
Atlantic Ocean
Iko kuwedzera kwemvura yemunyu inoparadzanisa makondinendi eAmerica, Europe neAfrica. Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yemakungwa ose, nokuti, kubva pakuona kwekutengeserana, ine nzira dzakanyanya kushandiswa dzezviitiko zvekutengeserana kwegungwa, izvo zvinonyanya kuunza uye kutumira kunze.
Pamusoro pezvo, mumvura dzayo mune mafungu anotamisa kupisa nekutonhora uye ozvigovera kubva pachikamu chayo chemvura iri muequator yakananga kuNorth pole nenzira yakaenzana, zvichibvumira shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inodiwa kuchengetedza hupenyu.
Pacific Ocean
Ndiro gungwa rine kuwedzera kukuru kwese, kuve kunosvika zana nemakumi masere emamiriyoni square kilometres. Iyo inowanikwa munzvimbo pakati peAsia, America uye Oceanic makondinendi.
Indian Ocean
Iri pakati pemakondinendi eAfrica, Asia neOceanic, asi idiki pane Pacific, sezvo iine nzvimbo inosvika mamirioni makumi manomwe nemana emakiromita.
Antartic Ocean
Sezvinoratidzwa nezita rayo, iri munharaunda yemahombekombe eAntarctica uye inongotora nzvimbo inosvika mamirioni gumi nemana emakiromita, inofukidza iyo yose South Pole.
Antartic Ocean
Kufanana neyakapfuura, inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakatenderedza mahombekombe eArctic, kuNorth Pole uye ine nzvimbo inosvika mamirioni makumi maviri nemaviri emakiromita masikweya.
Tsanangudzo yegungwa
Panguva ino tinoziva kuti makungwa chii, pamwe chete neaya aripo panyika. Asi panyaya yemakungwa nyaya yakasiyana zvachose. Makungwa mahombe emvura yemunyu, angave kana kusawirirana negungwa.
Kazhinji dzakabatanidzwa negungwa. Asi idzi inzvimbo dzine hukuru diki pane dzemunyanza, uye hadzina kudzikawo. Iwo haasi echisikigo nzvimbo uye ari padyo nenyika. Chimwe chinhu chinoasiyanisa ndechekuti makungwa ane masaisai uye makungwa haana.
Muchikamu chino tichadonongodza runyoro rwemakungwa akakosha epasi rose, uye tichakwanisa kuona kuti kusiyana nemakungwa, kune makungwa akawanda, akagoverwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi, asi isu tichangotaura. izvo zvinonyanya kukosha:
Gungwa reMediterranean
Ndiyo nzvimbo yakakura kwazvo yemukati mecontinental mvura yemunyu munyika. Iyo inzvimbo inowanikwa pakati peAfrica, Asia neEurope makondinendi.
Baltic Gungwa
Kuwedzerwa kwemvura yemunyu yemukati menyika iyo iri kumahombekombe ekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope. Inovhara nzvimbo inosvika mazana mana nemakumi maviri ezviuru zvemakiromita emakiromita.
Gungwa reCaribbean
Zvingangodaro kuti iwe wakanzwa nezvegungwa iri kakawanda, iri nzvimbo yeparadhiso yekunakidzwa nezororo rekurota. Iri pamahombekombe ekondinendi eCentral neSouth America, ine nzvimbo inosvika mamirioni maviri nemazana manomwe ezviuru zvemakiromita mativi.
Gungwa reCaspian
Ndiro gungwa riri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweEuropean continent uye ine nzvimbo inosvika mazana matatu nemakumi manomwe nerimwe zviuru zvemakiromita mativi.
Gungwa rakafa
Iyi ndiyo imwe yemakungwa yaungave wakanzwa nezvayo. Inowanikwa kuMiddle East. Inokwereta zita rayo kuhuwandu hwemunyu huri mairi, iyo inodzivisa kukura kwemhando ipi zvayo yehupenyu.
Gungwa Dema
Inokwereta zita rayo kune ruvara rwemvura dzayo uye iri pakati peEuropean continent, guta reAnatolia neCaucasus.
Gungwa Dzvuku
Iyo zvakare ine zita rayo nekuda kweruvara rwayo, nekuda kwekuvapo kwealgae, uye iri pakati peAsia neAfrica.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FfIAhJimB8M
Mvura ine munyu
Tichifunga kuti iwe unotoziva pfungwa dze makungwa nemakungwa uye izvo zvinonyanya kukosha panyika, tichaenderera mberi nekutsanangura kuti misiyano yavo ndeipi.
Saizi nenzvimbo
Musiyano unonyanya kukosha pakati pe makungwa nemakungwa iri muhukuru hwayo. Makungwa anogara ari kuwedzera kudiki kwemvura yemunyu kupfuura makungwa. Iwo anoratidzirwa nekuvharwa uye kuwanikwa pakati pemahombekombe nemakungwa. Kusiyana neizvi, makungwa imvura yakavhurika uye ine hudzamu hwakafara.
mafungu
Mumwe musiyano pakati makungwa nemakungwa, ndeyekuti makungwa ane mafungu akawanda emugungwa anogadzira mhedzisiro inokanganisa kufamba kwemvura uye Tembiricha uye Humidity, mumakungwa hamuna chinhu chakadaro. Mafungu emugungwa aya ndiwo anonyanya kukonzera kuumbwa kwechamupupuri nechamupupuri, nyaya isingaite mumakungwa.
Kune mamwe makungwa asina nzvimbo yakakura zvikuru, ndokusaka zvinganzi madziva makuru emvura yemunyu, akadai seCaspian Sea, Gungwa Rakafa neAral Sea, ayo dzimwe nguva anorongwa saizvozvo.
Tembiricha
Mumwe musiyano pakati makungwa nemakungwa ndiwo tembiricha. Nechikonzero chekuti makungwa ane hudzamu hukuru, kupfuura iwo emakungwa, zvinowanzoitika kuti anosvika tembiricha yakaderera. Ukuwo, makungwa ari pedyo nepasi uye anowana huwandu hukuru hwemwaranzi yezuva uye mvura yawo inodziya, saka anonakidzwa nekushisa kwepamusoro.
Asi tembiricha kazhinji hadzina kufanana mumakungwa akasiyana, saka hatigone kuzvitora sechinhu chinotsanangudza. Muenzaniso weizvi ndowokuti mvura dzeMediterranean dzinoratidza kuti dzine tembiricha yakakwirira kupfuura yeGungwa Rakafa.
Zvinonakidza kuziva kuti pane inversely proportional hukama pakati pe makungwa nemakungwa, maererano nekukwanisa kwayo kuve nemvura uye imhaka yekuti nhasi zvave zvichiratidzwa kuti makungwa ari kufamba nenzira yekusaita gwenga uye akaona huwandu hwawo huchidzikiswa nekuda kwekudziya kwepasi, pane kudaro, makungwa aona vhoriyamu inowedzera huwandu nekugamuchira imwe mvura yakachena kubva mukunyunguduka kwepolar ice caps.
Biodiversity
Kana toreva nezvokusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu, makungwa ane huwandu hukuru kupfuura makungwa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti makungwa anotora huwandu hukuru hwemwaranzi yezuva uye haana kudzika. Nechikonzero ichocho, makungwa inzvimbo dzinogara chikamu chikuru chemarudzi.
Kune rumwe rutivi, mumakungwa tichawana nhamba shoma yezvipenyu, asi imhuka dzemhuka dzine simba rekugadzirisa kune zvakasiyana-siyana uye kudzika. Nokudaro, mhuka dzakawanda dzinogara mumvura yakadzika haikwanisi kutamira kunzvimbo dzegungwa.
Inofanirawo kurangarirwa kuti, kunyange zvazvo kune nhamba huru yezvipenyu zvipenyu mumakungwa, kunewo mwero wepamusoro wekufa, nekuda kwekuti ivo vanonyanya kutarisana nekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Makungwa, nekuti akakura uye ari kure nemahombekombe, haatambudzi zvakanyanya nemhedzisiro inoitwa nemunhu pane zvakatipoteredza.
Nezvese zvatakakutsanangurira, tinovimba kuti kusava nechokwadi kwako maererano nekusiyana pakati pe makungwa nemakungwa.