Iyo Tundra ndeye biome inoratidzwa ne mamiriro ekunze anotonhora, ivhu rakaoma nechando, zvinomera zvishoma.... Icho chinhu chatinowana kunyanya munzvimbo dzeArctic. Iyi yakanyanyisa uye yakaoma ecosystem haina kusimba uye inonetseka zvakanyanya nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Nhasi tichaongorora dzidza nezve inonakidza ecosystem inova iyo Tundra, Tichaona maitiro ayo, marudzi e tundra aripo uye zvimwe zvekuda kuziva.
Iyo Tundra nekunaka kwayo
The tundra ari Inonakidza, yakasarudzika uye yakanaka ecosystem. Kana tichitaura nezve runako urwu kunyanya, tinenge tichireva runako rusina kusimba uye rwusina kusimba. Kuti tizvikoshese tinofanira kunge tiri munzvimbo dzeArctic kana nzvimbo dzemakomo marefu, nzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze akanyanya kwataigona kuona:
- nzvimbo dzakafara uye nzvimbo dzakavhurika, dzakakura dzenyika uko jengachenga rinoratidzika kuva rinotambanukira kukusingaperi.
- fauna of zvakasiyana, mhuka dzakaita segava remugungwa kana shiri dzinotama. Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvemhuka idzi mune yedu chinyorwa pa tundra mhuka.
- Chiedza chezuva nematenga makuru, akajeka uye anoshamisa. Zviitiko zvakasikwa zvakadai se chiedza chekuchamhembe munguva yechando kana zuva repakati pehusiku muzhizha ita Tundra nzvimbo yemashiripiti uye yakanaka. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve chiitiko ichi, tarisa chinyorwa chedu pa pakati pehusiku Zuva.
- Zhizha rayo rine mavara. Kunyange zvazvo tingagara tichifunga nezvechando nechando, chokwadi ndechokuti muzhizha pasi rinoshanduka kuva neruvara kwemavhiki mashomanana, chitarisiko chinooneka.
- Kunyarara uye runyararo, kwaunogona kubatana nemasikirwo uye newe pachako.
- The resistance uye kuchinjika yezvose zvinoumba Tundra.
Mhando dzeTundra
Iyo Tundra inzvimbo yatinowana munzvimbo dzinotonhora zvakanyanya dzeArctic uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzesubarctic. tinogona kuwana mhando mbiri huru kubva kuTundra:
Arctic Tundra
Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, ndizvozvo Inowanikwa muArctic, uko tembiricha yakadzikira zvakanyanya. kunyanya munguva yechando. Ivhu repamusoro rinonyunguduka zvishoma munguva pfupi yezhizha, zvisinei kuti pasi pevhu, rinozivikanwa sepermafrost, rinoramba rakaoma gore rose.
Iyo Alpine Tundra
Ndiro rinowanikwa pakakwirira, munzvimbo dzemakomo pasi rose, idzo nzvimbo dzisina miti. Nzvimbo iyoyo ine hunhu hwe arctic tundra kunyangwe mamiriro ekunze achisiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo.
Kukosha kwepermafrost
Permafrost is amurwi wevhu rinoramba rakaoma nechando kwemakore maviri akatevedzana. Hunhu hwakakosha kune ecosystem yatiri kubata nayo nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana zvatichaona zvino. Iyi layer haina ukobvu chaihwo, sezvo ichisiyana kubva pamasendimita mashoma kusvika pamamita akati wandei.
Permafrost ndiyo kiyi kune tundra nekuti kunokanganisa zvinomera nemhuka kudzikisira kukura kwemidzi yezvirimwa uye nekudaro kuona kuti ndeapi marudzi anogona kukura nekugara imomo. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve hunhu hweiyi biome, unogona kuverenga chinyorwa chedu pa tundra features uye nezvake zvakasikwa ecosystem.
Asi zvakare chipingamupinyi chinotadzisa mvura kupinda zvakadzika muvhu. kubvumira kusikwa kwemadziva kana madziva pamusoro pezvinhu zvakakosha pamhuka nezvinomera. Irowo layer iyo inochengetedza zvivakwa zvevanhu.
Pakazere, permafrost inotora basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa ecosystem, hydrology, kabhoni chengetedzo uye kugadzirisa zvivakwa. Kuchengetedza kwayo kwakakosha pakuenzanisa kweiyo ecosystem.
Lifecycle
Kutenderera kwehupenyu inzira yakaoma yave iri kuchinjirwa kumamiriro akanyanya yebiome iyi. Mumamiriro echando chakareba uye chakaoma uye tembiricha inodzika kusvika -30ºC, uye muzhizha pfupi kunosvika 10ºC. Munguva ye Muchando, chiedza chezuva chinoganhurwa nepo muchirimo chinenge chichingoramba chichienderera.
Nezvikonzero zvese izvi, zvinomera zviripo zvakanyanya herbaceous zvinomera zvakadai semosses, lichens, uswa uye makwenzi mashoma. Zvimwe zvinomera zvakachinja kuti zvirarame izvi zvakanyanyisa uye zvinotonhora. Munguva pfupi yezhizha zvirimwa izvi zvinotumbuka, zvichizadza tundra nemuvara. Kukurumidza kumera kwembeu, maruva uye kugadzira michero, kumirira kupedza nguva yechando nesimba rakachengetwa mumidzi.
Mhuka dzinosanganisira, pakati pezvimwe, caribou, reindeer, arctic makava, arctic tsuro uye shiri dzinotama dzinosvika muchirimo kuti dzive dendere. Mhuka idzi dzakajairana nemamiriro ekunze uye dzinoberekana mukati memwedzi inodziya kuitira kuti vana vadzo vararame. Kuti unzwisise zvirinani nezve tundra life cycle, unogona kuongorora zvirimo zvedu pa zvakasikwa ecosystem and the tundra flora.
La kuora mu tundra kunononoka nekuda kwekudziya kwakaderera, saka chikafu chakaburitswa chinodzokororwa zvishoma nezvishoma.
ari kuchinja kwemwaka ye tundra zvinoreva kuti munguva refu yechando mhando dzakawanda dzinorara muchando kana kuderedza kushanda kwadzo apo muzhizha zvisikwa zvipenyu zvinobudirira.
Migumisiro yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze
Takurukura kukosha kwe permafrost, kana yaizonyunguduka, yaizokonzera kudzikira uye kusagadzikana mumigwagwa, zvivakwa nezvivakwa zvevanhu. Zvaizokanganisa zvinomera uye maruva enzvimbo. Asi, pamusoro pe, iyi dhizaini inochengeta kabhoni iri muchimiro che organic kabhoni uye kana yaizonyunguduka, kabhoni iyi yaizoburitswa muchimiro checarbon dioxide (methane), izvo zvaizowedzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
