Izuva rudzii renyeredzi?

Kuwedzera kwekudiwa kwesimba munyika yedu kunoda kugadzirwa kwezvitubu zvitsva. Kune maonero matsva pamusoro peZuva anotida kuti tiriongorore nemaziso matsva, senzvimbo isina muganho yesimba.

Zuva rava kupa vanhu simba rinogona kugutsa zvese zvavanoda. Kushandiswa kwaro kwava kushanda zvakanaka uye kunobudirira. Asi Zuva inyeredzi yerudzii chaizvo? Hezvino zvaunofanira kuziva nezvimwe zvakawanda.

zuva noupenyu

Zuva ndiro guru rinopa simba redu rose , zvakananga uye zvisina kunanga. Zvirimwa nemhuka zvinoda chiedza chezuva kuti zvirarame. Zvirimwa zvinoshandura chiedza chezuva kuita chikafu kuburikidza ne photosynthesis . Maitiro akafanana aya ndiwo zvakare akasikwa nyika yedu, uye zvisikwa zvakawanda zvinovimba nezvirimwa kuti zviwane chikafu.

Mamiriyoni emakore apfuura, zvinhu zvinomera nemhuka zvakaora kuita mafuta efossil akadai semarasha, mafuta, uye gasi rechisikigo. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvirimwa nemhuka zvakafa. Simba renyukireya rinogadzirwa pasi redu rinobva musimba reZuva. Rinokonzerawo mhepo yemuchadenga nemafungu egungwa . Uye simbi dzinorema dzakaumbwa mukati meZuva. Kutaura zvazviri, solar system haisi yechipiri nekuti yakagadzirwa neZuva.

Asi Zuva inyeredzi yakaita sei?

Muboka renyeredzi risingashamisi, Zuva rinoita senyeredzi yakajairika. Zuva inyeredzi yerudzi rweG2 spectral uye kirasi yeV luminosity mumashoko enyeredzi . Izvi zvinoreva kuti inyeredzi yellow dwarf ine tembiricha ye5778 degrees Fahrenheit . Nzvimbo yayo yeK1 ine dhayamita ye5780 metres.

Hydrogen inoumba 74% yegasi ; inoumbwa nechinhu ichi chose. Kuti ndikupe pfungwa, inorema 92% yehuwandu hwayo uye ine huremu hwakaenzana nehuremu hwetangi renguva dzose rehelium. Huremu hwayo hwehelium i24,5% nehuremu uye 7% nehuremu . Pamusoro pezvo, kune huwandu hudiki hwesimbi dzinorema, dzakadai sesimbi, nickel, uye lead, dzinosara muzvikamu zvepasi. Zvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita sesilicon, sarufa, magnesium, kabhoni, okisijeni, uye calcium, zvakanyorwa sezvimwe zvinhu.

Zvido zveZuva

Aya ndiwo mamwe eanonyanya kufadza curiosities eZuva:

• Zuva rinoita serisiri madikanwa sezvo riri munzvimbo isina zvarinoreva.
• Pakati peGalaxy inenge 26.000 chiedza makore kubva Panyika. Kuti asvike ikoko, mutambi anofanira kufamba makore angangoita 900 light years. Nebula inosvika 60.000 light-years kure, kumucheto kwemukati-kati kweOrion's spiral arm.
• Zuva rinofamba nekumhanya kwemakiromita 214 pasekondi..
• Kuti tione nzvimbo yacho yose nemaziso edu maduku, taizofanira kufamba chiedza chegore rimwe chete mumakore 1 1.400 oga oga. Izvi zvingatora vafambi makiromita 200.000 120 kana kuti kanenge kaXNUMX kubva paNyika kuenda kuZuva. Milky Way, ine miriyoni imwe chete yenyeredzi.
• Zuva redu rinowira murudzi rweG2 rwenyeredzi miriyoni, 100% idzo dziri dzvuku dzvuku dzakadzikama kupfuura nyeredzi yedu.
• Masikati, Zuva redu rinopofumadza mamwe masimba emudenga nechiedza chayo chakasiyana. Zvakaoma kutarisa zvakananga nekuda kwekupenya kwayo. Zuva rakakurudzira kuongorora uye kuda kuziva mutsika dzese.
• Vanhu vekare vaimuona samwari uye vakavaka zvifananidzo mukukudza kwake.
• Mayunivhesiti makuru uye maobservatories aripo pasi rese. MuEgypt, Girisi neAmerica, pamwe chete neAsia neEast, kune nhamba huru yekucherechedza.
• Kuvapo kwemienzaniso isingaverengeki inonakidza uye yakasarudzika pasi rese inoratidza kunzwisisa uye kuziva chiedza cheZuva uye kupisa semasimba anotsigira hupenyu.

Kune dzimwe nyeredzi dzakaita seZuva here?

Vazivi venyeredzi vanonetseka kuwana nyeredzi dzinoratidza kutaridzika kweZuva senyeredzi iri pakati nepakati. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti Zuva imwenje wakasarudzika wevazivi venyeredzi. Zvishandiso zvemuchadenga dzimwe nguva zvinoshandisa mapatya pakuenzanisa.

Kuva pedyo kweZuva nemidziyo yedu kunoita kuti zviome kushandisa sechipimo. Uyezve, kupenya kwaro kunotadzisa kushandiswa kwaro sechipimo chekuenzanisa. Kutsvaga nyeredzi dzakafanana neZuva kwaburitsa mhedzisiro isina kujeka. Hapana kana imwe yenyeredzi idzi yakagamuchirwa seshamwari yeZuva.

Nyeredzi 18 Scorpii (HD142633) uye HIP56984 dzinoenderana neZuva sezvakaita ziso rako kune muviri wako wese. Vamwe masayendisiti vanoti 18 Scorpii yakafanana neZuva munzira dzakawanda , asi yakasiyana nedzimwe. Semuenzaniso, ine huremu hwakawanda. Inewo lithium yakapetwa katatu kupfuura Zuva.

Kubva pamaonero esainzi, Zuva rinoita serisingasiyaniswe nemusha wedu. Asi kune chimwe chisikwa chiri kure chekudenga, chiri kure nemwedzi inosvika mazana maviri echiedza kubva kuZuva, chakafanana zvikuru neZuva redu muzera, zvichiita kuti rive rakakodzera kutsvaga mapuraneti akafanana nePasi . Kana humbowo hukawanikwa, mabasa emangwana anorongwa ekutsvaga mapuraneti aya. Izvi zvinotungamira kupfungwa yekukwanisa kutsvaga hupenyu hwekunze kwenyika.

zera rezuva

Zuva rine makore mabhiriyoni mana nehafu ekuberekwa, asi mukati maro makashandisa hafu yehydrogen yaro chete. Ongororo yemakristaro ehibonite ari pasi pemirimita imwe chete muhukuru yakaratidza kuti nyeredzi yakakura kwazvo musolar system yagara kwenguva yakareba.

Zvinotora makore angangoita mabhiriyoni gumi, nyeredzi dzakadai seZuva dzinopenya zvakajeka dzisati dzanyangarika. Izvi zvinobatsira kutsanangura kuti sei Zuva riri pakati pehupenyu hwaro.

Zuva rinogadzira simba raro sei?

Zuva rinonzi bhora regasi rinopisa zvikuru riri kupisa zvakanyanya munzvimbo yaro yemukati. Izvi zvinoreva chikamu chepakati cheZuva. Radiyo yaro kubva kuZuva inosvika 0,2 solar radii , zvichiita kuti ripise zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemazinga enyeredzi. Kutaura zvazviri, iatomu reactor hombe ine tembiricha inosvika kusvika kumadhigirii mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu.

Chikamu chimwe muzvina chehukuru hweZuva chinoumbwa nemaatomu ehydrogen . Uye musimboti wenyukireya une hydrogen yakawanda kupfuura chero imwe nzvimbo. Maatomu ehelium akareruka anoumbwa nekubatanidza maatomu maviri ehydrogen.

Helium isati yawanikwa panyika, yaiwanikwa muZuva. Zita rechinhu ichi rinobva kuna mwari wechiGiriki Helios , uyo basa rake raiva rekunamata zuva.

Pakupera kwekushandurwa kubva kuhydrogen kuenda kuhelium, chikamu chidiki chekomboni chinoramba chiripo. Iyo 0,7% misa inoshandurwa kuita simba zvinoenderana neEinstein's formula yenyaya.

Zuva rinoshandura huwandu hwemapurotoni arinawo ka3.400 kuita helium nuclei sekondi yega yega. Maitiro aya anogadzira mawatts angangoita 3.860 trillion . Sekondi yega yega, matani mamiriyoni 582 egasi rehydrogen anogadzirwa.

Kushandura helium kubva muzvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa kunoda matani mamiriyoni mashanu ezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa. Bhomba renyukireya rinoita avhareji yesimba rinosvika mamegatoni makumi mapfumbamwe. Saka, rinogona kugadzira avhareji yesimba rinosvika mamegatoni mazana mapfumbamwe emadhiriyoni.

Sunspots

Masimba emagineti anogadzirwa akatenderedza zuva nemagetsi anotenderera akatenderedza zvinhu zvakatenderedza bhora. Zuva parinotenderera uye richigadzira convection, mitsetse yemagineti inoyambuka pamusoro payo. Kana mitsetse iyi yemagineti ikamanikidzwa yobva yawedzerwa, inokonzera shanduko yekumanikidzwa panzvimbo dzakatarwa pazuva. Mitsetse iyi yesimba rezuva inokombama kuita maumbirwo emusoro wezuva, uye nzvimbo mbiri idzi dzinoparadzaniswa nenzvimbo yechitatu, isina kwayakarerekera. Zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvemagineti zviripo munzvimbo dzakatsanangurwa muchinyorwa chino.

Nzvimbo isina chiedza uye rima zvakanyanya kupfuura epiphase, zvichiratidza photosphere . Nzvimbo dzakasviba dzephotosphere dzinowanzonzi mapopo ezuva . Kupenya kwadzinoyerwa i4200 K. Izvi zvakaonekwa nekuenzanisa nechiedza che5800 K. Mapopo aya anowanzoonekwa ari maviri kana mumapoka evanhu vakawanda. Anowanzoonekwawo pamwe chete nemufananidzo usina kunaka. Uye chiitiko ichi chinoramba chiripo kwemavhiki akati wandei.

Ndinovimba chinyorwa ichi pamusoro pemhando yenyeredzi iyo Zuva yakave yakakosha kwauri.