Hydrangeas (Hydrangea spp.), makwenzi ekushongedza anobva kuEast neSouth Asia neAmerica. Icho chirimwa chinokatyamadza nekuda kwe inflorescence inoshamisa, ruvara rwayo uye nyasha dzainoshongedza kona kana bindu kwainorimwa. Nekudaro, mune dzimwe tsika hydrangeas ine chirevo chakapesana nerunako rwavo. Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, ndinokukoka kuti uenderere mberi nekuverenga.
Mavambo eHydrangeas
Zita rinozivikanwa reHydrangeas ndiro Hydrangea, ayo ane dzinenge 40 marudzi anogamuchirwa, anobva kumabvazuva nokumaodzanyemba kwekondinendi yeAsia, kunyange zvikurukuru kubva kuChina, Japan, Korea, Indonesia neHimalaya; pamwe nekondinendi yeAmerica. Hupenyu hwavo mafomu makwenzi, miti yakaderera uye lianas anosvika 30 metres kureba. Inogona kuwanikwa mune zvakasikwa uye inorimwa munyika dzakawanda dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya. Yakarimwa Hydrangeas ine mashizha anodonha.
Nhoroondo yemiti iyi
Maererano nekuwanikwa kwemaruva aya, ane hukama nenzendo dzezvikepe zveEurope kuenda kuAmerican continent. Sehukama naMambo weFrance, Louis XIV, uyo akarayira vanhu vake kuti vauye nemaruva emarudzi akasiyana kune avo vaizivikanwa panguva iyoyo, kuti vashongedze mapindu emuzinda. Kuti vaite zvainge zvarairwa namambo, vanhu ava vakaenda kuBrazil kunotsvaga miti yaifarirwa namambo.
Pakati pevashandi vengarava iyi paiva nemukomana wepakamba ainzi Banet, uyo akanga akasiyana nevamwe vose nokuti chimiro chake chakanga chisina kusimba uye chisina simba. Pavakasvika muNyika Itsva, mukukakavadzana nevagari vemunyika yeAmerica, vakabata mukomana asina kusimba kabhini Banet. Mushure menguva yekutsvaga nekunetsana nemadzinza eAmerica, vashandi veEurope vakakwanisa kununura mukomana wechidiki wekabhini.
Pakununura kabhini mukomana Banet, varume vokuEurope vakashamisika kuziva kuti Banet akanga ari mukadzi, kuti kuti ave chikamu chevashandi vechikepe cheEurope uye kurarama rwendo, aiziva nyika dzeAmerica. Mambo paakaziva nezvemukadzi uyu aingozvibata, ainyepedzera kuva jaya rainzi Banet, aida kuziva ushingi hwake nokutumidza imwe yemarudzi akaunzwa kubva kuNyika Itsva, ine zita rokuti Hortensia.
Zvinoreva Hydrangeas
Munguva dzekare, maruva aipiwa zvinoreva zvakasiyana, nokuti ndiyo nzira yaaitaura nayo munzanga yekare. Maruva eHydrangeas haana kupukunyuka kubva pane izvi, izvo zvinoenderana nengano yekwavakabva, zvinoreva zita ravo zvine chekuita nehukadzi uye kuchengetedza, pamwe nekushaya simba uye kushaya simba. Nekufamba kwenguva, zvinoreva Hydrangeas zvinosiyana zvichienderana neruvara.
White Hydrangeas, maererano nezvainoreva, inodudzirwa uye yakabatana nerunyararo, kuchena, kupfava uye kunaka. Iyo pink Hydrangeas, kune yavo chikamu, inoibatanidza kufambisa meseji yerudo, kushingaira, kupfimbana uye eroticism. Purple hydrangeas inoibatanidza nekubudirira uye kuwanda. Pamwe nekunaka, kuzvidzora, kuravira kwakanaka uye kuoma. Pakupedzisira, maHydrangeas ebhuruu anoidudzira nekuwirirana uye ushamwari.
Zviratidzo
Zvidyarwa zve hydrangea zvakarimwa zvine tsika yekukura kwegwenzi, zvine mashizha anodonha, akakura uye oval muchimiro ane akanongedza apex, kana achitumbuka ruvara rwemaruva bracts akasvibira uye kana akura anosiyana kune akasiyana mavara senge machena. , pink, yebhuruu uye yepepuru. Hydrangeas ine inflorescences muchimiro chehombe pompoms yepingi uye bluish mavara anowanzo kucherechedzwa.
Maruva ayo maduku uye akaiswa mumhando dzepomu dzinonzi corymbs, izvo zvinoita kuti miti iyi inakidze. Iwo zvirimwa zvinoda chiedza chezuva uye nekuda kwechikonzero ichi zvinoratidzwa kuti zvikure kunze kwemba, mumagadheni, materraces, kunyangwe zvichinzi zvikurwe pedyo nemiti mikuru kana zvimiro zvekuti zvisefa chiedza chezuva mukati menguva yemasikati. Munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze ane mwero, vanoramba kutonhora kwakadzika mumwaka wechando.
Descripcion
Hydrangeas inflorescences anowanikwa kumagumo emadzinde avo, anobuda mumwaka wechirimo uye anoramba ari mupenyu kusvika pakupera kwemwaka wekuvhuvhuta. Muinflorescences vakaiswa mumaterminal corymbs umo maruva madiki chaiwo eHydrangeas anokura, ane mabracts awo akagadziridzwa anotenderedza ruva rimwe nerimwe uye ane mavara akasiyana kubva kune chena, pink, yepepuru uye yebhuruu.
Chimiro chinokura se shrub yakasvibiswa, nokuti inorasikirwa nemashizha pane imwe nguva yegore, hukuru hwayo hunosiyana pakati pe1 kusvika ku3 mamita kumusoro. Mashizha ayo akapfava akapesana, oval, ane mipendero yakakombama uye acuminate, kureba kwawo kuri pakati pe7 ne20 centimita. Maruva ayo ane mavara akasiyana semachena, pink, bhuruu nepepuru. Hydrangeas inotumbuka pakati pemwaka wechirimo nezhizha.
Kusiyanisa kwemavara eHydrangeas kwakabatana zvakananga nekuwanda kwe "aluminium sulfate" mamorekuru muvhu, inova ndiyo inotaridza pH yevhu. Kana iyo pH isina kwayakarerekera kune alkaline kana yakakosha, zvinoreva kuti ine diki aluminium, izvi zvinobvumira kuumbwa kwemaruva epingi. Nevhu rine pH = 5,5 kana pasi, dzinoratidza kuti dzine huwandu hwakawanda hwe "aluminium sulfate, zvichiita kuti maruva ave bluish muvara. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvirimwa zvinotumbuka zvichena hazvionekwi nepH kukosha kwevhu.
Iyi hukama hwemiti-yevhu inokubvumira kuti utambe horticulturally nemavara emaruva eHydrangea. Maererano nemuvara weruva raunoda kukura, unowedzera mafetiraiza ane makemikari akasiyana. Ndiko kuti, kana iwe uchida kukura hydrangeas nemaruva epinki, shandisa mafetireza ane nitrogen yakawanda uye phosphorus uye shoma potassium. Ukuwo, kana uchitsvaga ruva rebhuruu rine ruvara, isa fetereza ine potassium yakawanda.
Mutero
The chechikadzi Hydrangea Carlos Linnaeus akavarondedzera kekutanga, uyo akaribudisa muna 1753 muna Mhando Plantarum 1: 397. 1753. Izwi remubatanidzwa Hydrangea, Inobva pamazwi echiGiriki anoreva kuti "mvura" uye "vhasi", kana "girazi remvura", nekuda kwemaitiro emakapules ayo akafanana nekapu. Mamwe marudzi e43 akatsanangurwa uye akagamuchirwa kuti ndeerudzi Hydrangea. Mamwe marudzi anogamuchirwa akanyorwa.
- anomalous hydrangea Himalayas, Southeast China
- hydrangea arborescens Eastern North America
- Hydrangea yakaoma. China, Himalayas.
- Hydrangea bretschneideri. China.
- hydrangea candida. China.
- hydrangea caudatifolia. China.
- hydrangea chinensis. China.
- Hydrangea chungii. China.
- hydrangea cinerea Eastern United States.
- coacta hydrangea. China.
- Hydrangea coenobialis. China.
- Hydrangea davidii. China.
- hydrangea dumicola. China.
- Hydrangea gracilis. China.
- Hydrangea heteromesh. Himalaya, China.
- hirta hydrangea. Japani.
- Hydrangea hypoglauca. China.
- Hydrangea integrifolia. China.
- Hydrangea implicata. Japan neTaiwan.
- Hydrangea kawakamii. Taiwan.
- Hydrangea kwangsiensis. China.
- Hydrangea kwangtungensis. China.
- Hydrangea lingii. China.
- Hydrangea linkweensis. China.
- hydrangea longifolia. China.
- Hydrangea longipes. West China.
- Hydrangea macrocarpa. China.
- Hydrangea macrophylla South Japan uye Korea.
- Hydrangea mangshanensis. China.
- hydrangea paniculata China, Japan, Korea, Sakhalin.
- hydrangea petiolaris Japan, Korea, Sakhalin.
- hydrangea quercifolia United States
- radiata hydrangea United States
- yakasimba hydrangea. China, Himalayas.
- sargentian hydrangea. West China.
- hydrangea scandens. Japan uye kumaodzanyemba kuPhilippines.
- hydrangea serrata. Japan neKorea.
- hydrangea serratifolia. Chile neArgentina.
- Hydrangea stenophylla. China.
- hydrangea strigosa. China.
- hydrangea stylosa. China.
- hydrangea sungpanensis. China.
- Hydrangea xanthoneura. China.
- Hydrangea zhewanensis. China.
Kutarisira uye Kuparadzira
Kubva panguva dzekare, chirimwa che hydrangea chave chirimwa muminda sechirimwa chekushongedza nekuda kwekushamisa kwayo inflorescence, muJapan uye kubva muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, kurimwa kwayo kwakatambanudzirwa kune dzimwe nyika dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya. Mhando inorimwa zvakanyanya yeHydrangea papasi ndeye H.macrophylla, nekuda kwekuve yakanyanya kupararira uye yakasarudzika mhando dzeHydrangea dzeese marudzi eHydrangea genus. Mhando iyi ine marudzi anosvika mazana matanhatu emacultivars.
Usati wadyara Hydrangeas, nzvimbo chaiyo yemiti inofanira kusarudzwa. Zvakanaka, nzvimbo yakaipa yemiti inogona kutungamirira kukukura kuduku uye maruva mashoma anoberekwa uye maruva ayo asina kusimba, pane kudaro kana ukasarudza nzvimbo yakanaka iwe uchava nemiti yakanaka yakagadzirwa neHydrangeas ine maruva akanaka uye akawanda.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti hydrangeas inofanira kukura munzvimbo ine chiedza chezuva chakanaka, zvisinei, zvidziviriro zvinofanira kutorwa, zvakadai se: kudyara zvirimwa munzvimbo ine chiedza chakanaka uye kuti chiedza chezuva hachisviki kwavari zvakasimba. Izvi zvinokanganisa kukura kwavo. Kana ukaidyara panzvimbo inosvika chiedza chiduku, inobereka maruva mashoma uye ichava chirimwa chiduku. Izvi zvinoreva kuti Hydrangeas inofanira kudyarwa panzvimbo ine chiedza chakakwana asi isingasviki kwairi.
Paunosarudza nzvimbo yekudyara, sarudza nzvimbo iyo Hydrangea zvirimwa zvinokura pasina kukanganisa kukura uye kukura kwemidzi yavo, ndiko kuti, kuti nzvimbo yavo yakakwana kuti ikure zvakanaka. Ivhu rakasimwa maHydrangea rinofanira kunge riri ivhu rine mvura yakanaka uye kwete kuita ivhu kana kuita silty. Inofanira kudyarwa pakutanga kwemwaka wezhizha kana pakupera kwematsutso.
kudyara ivhu
Ivhu renzvimbo yekudyara rinofanira kunge rine acidic zvishoma, kuitira kuti simiti ikure zvakanaka uye isingasvavi nekukurumidza. Hydrangea mbesa dzinofanirwa kuisirwa fetereza nguva nenguva kuti dzive nemaruva akanaka. Kuti uzive kana simiti inotora mishonga zvakanaka, cherechedza ruvara rwemaruva ayo, kuti uone kana ruvara rwemaruva rwakatsanangurwa uye rwakajeka, kana zvakadaro, zvinokwanisika kuti vanodyiswa zvakanaka.
Kana zvirimwa zveHydrangea zvakarimwa muvhu rine alkaline zvakanyanya, zvinoomera kutora iron kubva muvhu uye zvirimwa zvinotanga kutambura nekushomeka kwesimbi, zvichikonzera chlorosis mumashizha awo. Fetereza ine iron inoshandiswa kunatsiridza kubatwa kwesimbi.
Kuchekerera
Kuchengetedza chimiro chayo uye kudzikamisa huremu hwayo, zvinokurudzirwa kuchekerera madzinde ayo nguva nenguva. Iyi tsika ichadzivirira gwenzi kuti rirege kukura zvakanyanya uye nekuda kwehuremu hwemazita ayo, vanokotama uye vanoputsika. Mune mamwe marudzi ndiwo chete madzinde ekare maruva uye iwo madzinde anokura mushure mekuchekerera anozotumbuka muchikamu chinotevera.
nguva yekudiridza
Mumwaka wechirimo uye wezhizha, hydrangea mbeu dzinofanirwa kudiridzwa kakawanda uye nemvura yakawanda, kuitira kuti ivhu rirambe rakanyorova, chero bedzi risingawani mvura. Nenzira imwecheteyo, inokurudzirwa kupfapfaidza nemvura isina-calcareous, nenzira iyi nzvimbo yakakwana inosikwa yekukura kwezvirimwa zveHydrangea. Kunyangwe ichifarira nharaunda ine hunyoro, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti kana nharaunda yakanyorova zvakanyanya, inogona kufarira kuvandudzwa kwefungi nemaparasite.
Kuberekerwa
Hydrangea zvirimwa zvinowanzoberekana zvisina tsarukano, kuburikidza nemasiteki kana kucheka kubva kumatavi mushure mekutumbuka, mumwaka wetsutso nechirimo. Kuti chirimwa chitore midzi zvakanaka, matanda anofanira kuiswa munzvimbo ine mumvuri usina kukwana, hunyoro hwepamusoro, ivhu rakanyoroveswa kuitira kudzivirira mafashama uye kutonhora kwakanyanya.
Denda uye kurapwa kwechirwere
Tsvuku dzvuku uye maaphid ndiwo tupukanana ezvirimwa zveHydrangea zvinonyanya kuikanganisa, izvo zvinogona kudzorwa nekushandisa acaricides nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene. Hydrangeas inowanzorwiswa nefungi, inonzi powdery mildew, paunoona mashizha akakuvadzwa nefungus iyi uye chero ipi zvayo, inokurudzirwa kubvisa mashizha ane chirwere, uye kuvarapa nefungicides kuporesa zvirimwa. Sezvandinobvisa mashizha, zvinokurudzirwa kubvisa maruva akaoma kana akafa nokuti anogona kunge ane fungi uye mabhakitiriya, izvo zvichaita kuti muti urware.
Mamwe maitiro etsika
Pamusoro pemaitiro echivanhu ari pamusoro, fetereza kana manyowa anofanirwa kuiswa panguva yekutumbuka kwemaruva. Saizvozvo, mushure mekunge mwaka wemaruva wapfuura, kuitira kukurudzira kukura uye kukura kwemazita matsva uye kuenzanisa uremu hwechirimwa, kudzidzira kuchekerera kunoitwa.
Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa matanda kubatsira kukura kwakanaka kwemazinde matsva. Iwe unofanirwa kuchenjerera nekudiridza, kwete kuwanda kana kutadza nekutadza, kana ukadiridza zvishoma, maruva anooma uye anosvava nguva yavo isati yasvika. Rangarira izvi zvirimwa zveHydrangea, zvinokura zvakanaka muvhu rakanyorova, rakanyoroveswa nemvura. Kunyangwe maHydrangeas achikura munzvimbo dzinotonhora, anofanirwa kuchengetedzwa mumwaka wechando kubva pakushanduka kwekushisa kamwe kamwe nemhepo ine simba nemhepo.
Kushandiswa kweHydrangeas
Hydrangeas zvirimwa kubvira kare zvakashandiswa semiti yekushongedza kushongedza magadheni. Iwo zvakare anoshandiswa semaruva emuchato bouquets uye chaiwo Hydrangeas zvidyarwa zvakachengetedzwa kwenguva yakati nekuti zvinogara kwenguva refu. Pamwe chete nekushandiswa uku, kunewo zvimwe.
utsi maruva ako
Munyika dzakaita seGermany neFrance, vakatora nzira yekusvuta mapeti ayo kuti ave nemigumisiro ye hallucinogenic, pasi pemigumisiro yaro vatengi vanoona zvinhu zvakasiyana nezviripo uye vanonyanya kufunga nezvemanzwi. Aya maitiro ane njodzi nekuti kupisa Hydrangeas kunoburitsa hydrocyanic acid, ine muchetura zvakanyanya.
yakachengetedzwa hydrangeas
Nekuda kwekuda kwavo kukuru mune mamwe florist uye dzimba dzekutengesa gadheni, ivo vanopa akachengetedzwa maHydrangeas. Iyi horticultural treatment inoshanda kuchengetedza hunhu hwechisikigo uye kugadzirwa kwechirimwa kwenguva yakareba uye yakanangana nemaruva ayo. Kuchengetedza kwayo kwakaderera uye vanhu vanoifarira mukuona kuti vanoshandiswa kugadzira maruva emhando nemaruva echisikigo uye akanaka. Iwo anoshandiswa kune bridal bouquets, zvakare kushongedza dzerudo uye dzakatetepa nharaunda. Kune akasiyana akachengetedzwa Hydrangeas maruva, mamwe acho ndeaya:
Premium. Premium Hydrangeas vane mavara akajeka uye anoyevedza. Nezvinoreva zvakasiyana. Mavara ePrimum Preserved Hydrangeas akachena, pink, girini, lilac, tsvuku uye pastel bhuruu.
Iyo Standard yakachengetedzwa Hydrangeas ndeyemhando dzakasiyana dzegirinhi uye zvakare brown, yebhuruu, yakasviba pink uye tsvuku. Kune Bicolor Natural Preserved Hydrangeas, iwo zvirimwa zvechisikigo zvine mavara akasiyana mumaruva azvo. Sanganisa tsvuku, pink uye bhuruu mavara.
Mushonga wekushandisa
Hydrangeas chirimwa chinokwezva kwazvo kuvanhu nekuda kwekunaka kwayo inflorescence uye kunyanya kurongeka kwayo mumaruva pompoms yemavara akajeka, machena, bluish, pink uye yepepuru zvekuti kunyangwe uine ruzivo uye maitiro akakodzera unogona kushandura gore. gore, zvinoenderana nemupimo wefetereza uye mhando inoiswa inosiyana pH yevhu painorimwa. Pamusoro peiyi tsika tsika uye inovandudza kushandiswa kwayo kwekushongedza, Hydrangea yakavewo nekushandiswa kwemushonga kubvira kare.
Kushandiswa kwechirimwa ichi nekuda kwemishonga kwakashandiswa nemaChinese ekare uye muNorth America nemadzinza ekare. Maererano nekutsvakurudza, midzi yemiti yeHydrangeas ine simba rinopesana nekuputika, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinhu zvinovandudza kushanda kwemasimba ezvirwere. Pamusoro pezviri pamusoro, chirimwa cheHydrangea chinobatsira kudzivirira nekudzinga matombo eitsvo nekuda kweiyo diuretic effect inobatsira kuita weti zvirinani.
Zvinofadza zveHydrangeas
Hydrangea zvidyarwa kubvira kare zvakave nehukama nevanhu, kushongedza magadheni, zvine zvirevo zvakasiyana izvo zvingave kana zvisiri zvechokwadi. Saizvozvowo, Hydrangeas ndeimwe yemiti mishoma ine ruvara rweruva inotarwa ne acidity kana alkalinity yevhu. Hydrangeas ine maruva ebhuruu inowanikwa nevhu rine acidity yakawanda, uye iyo ine pink mavara ane zvishoma acidity yevhu.
Kutumbuka kwechirimwa cheHydrangea kunoitika mukati megore, sezvo inotanga kuputika munaKurume, mumwaka wechirimo uye inoenderera kusvika munaGunyana uye kunyangwe kupera kwemwedzi uno uye mumwaka wekuvhuvhuta.
Kana iwe uchida kuti maruva ako eHydrangeas agare kwenguva refu, chekerera kana kucheka mamwe masumbu emaruva awo uye woaisa muvhasi kana maruva nemvura, iwe uchaona kuti maruva awo anogara kwenguva yakareba sei nekuonekwa kwavo kutsva.
Kufanana nemiti yakawanda, Hydrangeas haina kukodzera kudyiwa nevanhu, kunyanya petals, nokuti ine chepfu. Saka chenjerai nevana nevadiki.
Kana iwe uchida kuenderera mberi nekudzidza nezve inoshamisa nyika yezvirimwa, ini ndinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge anotevera mapositi: