Hazvigoneki kutaura nezvemaasteroid pasina kutaura nezveBennu, hofori iyo pasina mubvunzo iri mudenga rine kukosha kukuru nhasi. Ine dhayamita inodarika mamita mazana mashanu uye huremu hwakakura kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Saka, ndeimwe yemaasteroid ane simba kwazvo ari pedyo nePasi.
Kuwanikwa kwayo kwakatanga muna 1999 muSocorro, California, neboka renyanzvi rakatsaurirwa kuferefeta zvisikwa izvi zvisinganzwisisike. Pakutanga, asteroid iyi yakapihwa zita rakasiyana, asi nekuda kwenyaya inoshamisa, yakapihwa zita remadunhurirwa rekuti Bennu . Kubva ipapo, yave iri nyaya yekutsvagurudzwa kwakawanda neNASA nemasangano akabatana nayo.
Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yavo, zvakazarurwa zvikuru zvinogona kuuya kumberi maererano neasteroid uye zvimwe zvinhu zveSolar System. Nokudaro kukosha kwekudzidza kwayo nguva dzose.
Ungangodawo kuziva nezvenyaya yedu: Ndeipi asteroid huru kupfuura dzose?
Iwe unoda kuziva zvakawanda nezve Bennu? Ziva zvese zvinozivikanwa kusvika zvino!
Kunobva: National Geographic
Ma asteroids ese anodzidzwa zvakanyanya neNASA nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, njodzi yaanogona kukuvadza iri chimwe chazvo. Asi kana ari Bennu, pane imwe nzira inopfuura pfungwa iyoyo iri nyore.
Muna 2019, zvakazosimbiswa kuti asteroid iyi hombe yekare kupfuura zvaifungidzirwa kare. Nekuda kweruzivo urwu rutsva, timu yese yekutsvagisa yakagumisa kuti ndiyo inogona kupa ruzivo nezvekwakabva solar system umo Nyika inogara.
Sezvambotaurwa, Bennu inopfuura 500 metres mudhayamita. Pamusoro pezvo, inotenderera ichitenderedza axis yayo yega maawa mana ega ega. Nepo, zvishoma kudarika 4 gore zvinotora kutenderera Zuva.
Kune avo vanoda kuenzanisa, fungidzira Eiffel Tower kana Empire State Building. Zvivako zvese izvi hazvina kukosha kana zvichienzaniswa neasteroid . Unonzwisisa here?
Dombo guru iri remuchadenga richinyatsoongorora, riri mubhandi remaasteroid riri pakati peMars neJupiter. Kuswedera kwaro pedyo nekutenderera kwePasi kunofungidzirwa kuti kunoitika makore matanhatu ega ega, chiitiko chinoita kuti vanhu vafarire zvikuru. Kunyange zvazvo pasina njodzi iri pachena, richiri njodzi inoonekwa inogara ichitariswa. Uyezve, zvakakosha kuziva kuti mamwe maasteroid akaongororwawo, kusanganisira rimwe rinogona kukanganisa Pasi muna 2020.
Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi nezvimwe, OSIRIS-REx space probe yakatangwa muna 2016 nechinangwa chekumhara pamusoro peasteroid. Dhizaini yayo ichaibvumira kuunganidza mienzaniso yepamusoro kuitira kuburitsa zvakavanzika zvitsva zvine chekuita nemuviri uyu wekudenga unoshamisa, une rima, uri kure, uye unoshamisa.
Asteroid Bennu Vs. OSIRIS-REx: Kusangana kwakamirirwa zvakanyanya
Iyo OSIRIS-REx spacecraft ine chinangwa chakakosha chinozoseta kosi yezviyedzo uye tsvagiridzo yeramangwana. Kubudirira kwaro kunofanirwa kunge kuchine simba kupa dzidziso itsva kana chokwadi chinoisa hwaro hwekwakabva Solar System.
Kubva payakatangwa munaGunyana 2016, zvakatora makore anopfuura maviri kuti purojekiti iyi isvike kwayaienda. Yakatozosvika muna Zvita 2018 ndipo payakaita ongororo yayo yekutanga iri kure , kuti itore mifananidzo chaiyo yeBennu asteroid.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvakawanikwa kwaiva kuvapo kwemvura yakamanikana pamusoro peasteroid. Ruzhinji rwakanga rusina kufunga nezve mukana uyu, saka fungidziro nepfungwa dzakapoteredza Bennu dzakaparadzwa zvikuru.
Kuongorora muchadenga kunofanira kutarisana negiravhiti yakaderera inotsanangurwa nechinhu ichi chemuchadenga, ichiva denho chaiyo. Zvisinei, zvinotarisirwa kuti nokukurumidza uye kurarama nemhoteredzo yebasa nenzira yakanakisisa, zvinangwa zvikuru zvitatu zvinofanira kuitwa panguva yacho zvichazadzikiswa zvizere.
Danho rekutanga nderekugara uchiziva nezvenzira yayo uye mafambiro ayo kana tichitarisa Pasi. Sezvo iri munzvimbo iri muboka rema asteroid anogona kuva nengozi, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvakajeka maitiro uye maumbirwo e asteroid Bennu.
OSIRIS-REx ichaunganidzawo magiramu ari pakati pe600 ne2000 echinhu ichi , icho chichashanda sechiyereso chekuongorora zera remudenga. Sezvo zera rayo chairo risingazivikanwe, mienzaniso iyi ichabatsira kugadza fungidziro yakarurama uye kupa hwaro hwekusimbisa dzidziso dzakasiyana-siyana nezvekuumbwa kweSolar System.
Chii chinonzi Bennu? Tora iwo azvino Bennu wongororo
Mufananidzo nerubatsiro: NASA
Kubva pakawanikwa kuvapo kweasteroid iyi, yakapihwa mazita emadunhurirwa akawanda. Pakati pemafungiro akawanda pamusoro paBennu anogovaniswa nenharaunda, mamwe haana hwaro hwesainzi. Muenzaniso mumwe inyaya yekuti "dombo rerufu," zvichibva pahukuru hwaro uye njodzi inoonekwa pasi rose.
Zvisinei, NASA yaitarisirwa kukurumidza kuramba zvirevo izvi. Zvave pachena kuti Bennu, kunyangwe achigona kutyisidzira, haazokanganisi Pasi pano kana munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Zvichakadaro, kubva pamaonero esainzi nepamutemo, maonero pamusoro pedombo iri renyeredzi akasiyana, asi zvichibva papfungwa imwe chete. Nyanzvi dzeNASA neIAC dzakataura kuti kuumbwa kwaBennu nemaumbirwo ake zvakapfuma muzvinhu zvekare zvaisatarisirwa kuwanikwa pakutanga.
Regolith uye imwe kirasi yemakomponi nemvura uye kabhoni zvinongori zvimwe zvezvakawanikwa pane yakaongororwa pamusoro peiyo asteroid. Mamwe maonero pamusoro peBennu anovimbisa kuti imhando yeasteroid iyo, pakutanga, yakapa Nyika nemvura pavakairova mambakwedza eSolar System.
Saizvozvowo, masayendisiti ane ruzivo mubasa iri akataura kuti zvinhu zvakagadzirwa naBennu hazvizivikanwe uye hazvina kumbobvira zvagadziriswa. Saka, kubatana kwavo nekutanga kweSolar System kwakafanana nekunaka.
Chikepe cheOSIRIS-REx chichadzoka muna 2023 nemasampuli achakaunganidzwa . Kutarisira kudzoka kwacho kwakakura. Uchave uchinyatsotarisa here ipapo?
