Pfupiso yaHelen weTroy
Mumunda wengano dzechiGreek, Hondo yeTrojan ndeimwe yemakakatanwa akatanhamara. Mauto eAchaeans akapinda mairi muguta reTroy. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa naHomer senzira yekuranga apo chikonzero chehondo yaive yekutiza kwaHelena kubva kuSparta naPrince Paris weTroy.
Kunyange Hondo yeTrojan yakarondedzerwa kubva munguva dzechinyakare kuburikidza nenhetembo dze epic, iyo 2 yadzo ine mukurumbira pasi rose nhasi. Aya ndiwo magwaro eIliad neOdyssey, ayo anonzi naHomer.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Iliad inotsanangura chikamu cheTrojan War. Nepo Odyssey ichitsanangura rondedzero yerwendo rwekudzoka rwaOdysseus, mutungamiri wechiGiriki, kumba kwake. Nokufamba kwenguva, vanyori vakawanda vechiGiriki nevechiRoma vakabudisa nhoroondo dzakasiyana-siyana dzehondo.
Helena weTroy
Muchidimbu ichi, zviri pachena kuti zvakakosha kutsanangura kuti uyu munhu anozivikanwa kubva mungano dzechiGiriki ndiani. Iye anoonekwa seakanyanya kupokana hunhu hwechikadzi hweAntiquity, kunyanya nekuti anoonekwa sechikonzero chekuti Hondo yeTrojan iitike.
Uyu hunhu hwave nekukosha kukuru munhetembo dzehugamba, pamwe nengano dzine chekuita naTroy. Kunyange zvazvo zvizhinji zvezvine hukama naye zvine hukama nehondo inozivikanwa, zvakakosha kuita pfupiso yaHelen weTroy.
Zita rake rinoreva tii kana tochi. Aive tsvarakadenga, saka aive nemasoja mazhinji, mazhinji acho ari magamba. Kutaura zvazviri, mumwe wavo aiva Paris, muchinda weTroy, izvo zvakaita kuti Hondo yeTrojan itange.
Kuberekwa
Zeus paakava chikwekwe, Leda (mwanasikana waMambo weAetolia, Testio uye mudzimai waMambo Tyndareus weSparta) akanyengedzwa naye uye aiva naye usiku humwe chetehwo hwaaivawo nomurume wake Tyndareus.
Izvi zvakaita kuti Leda akandira mazai maviri, rimwe racho rakabereka Helen naPollux, vose vasingafi, sezvo vainzi vana vaZeus. Nepo kubva kune rimwe zai akaberekwa Clytemnestra (mudzimai waAgamemnon namambokadzi weMycenae) naCastor, avo vaifa nokuti vairangarirwa kuva vazukuru vaTyndareus.
Kutaura zvazviri, Castor naPollux vaionekwa semapatya, avo vainzi Dioscuri. Muchidimbu cheHelen weTroy, zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti aive nedzimwe hanzvadzi, dzaive Timandra naFilónoe.
Dzimwe shanduro dzekuzvarwa
Maererano neimwe vhezheni ine chekuita nekuzvarwa kwaHelena uye icho chikamu chepfupiso yaHelena de Troya, akaberekwa nekuda kwekubatana kwaNemesis (mwarikadzi waRamnunte) naZeus, akange ave hanzi uye shavi. Saka zai rakakandwa naNemesis rakawanikwa nemufudzi akaripa kuna Leda.
Naizvozvo, Leda akatarisira zai iro Helen akaberekwa naro ndokumubata sokunge kuti akanga ari amai vake. Mukuwedzera, inotsanangurwawo kuti munzvimbo tsvene yeLeusipides muSparta, maiva nezai rakakandwa kubva padenga, rakabatwa nemabhoni uye zvakanzi ndiyo iyo Leda akaberekerwa.
Kubiwa kwaHelen na Theseus naPirithous
Sezvo akanga ari muduku zvikuru, akakwezva ngwariro nemhaka yokuti akanga akanaka zvikuru. Pane imwe nguva akanga achitamba muchibairo paSanctuary yaArtemis Ortia muSparta uye akabirwa naThisus (gamba reAtene uye mwanakomana waEtra naAegeus) neshamwari yake Pirithous (wedzinza raIxion naDia).
Akadzorerwa naTheus, asi pavakadzokera kuAtene, vagari vemo havana kumubvumira kupinda muguta, saka Theseus akamutungamirira kuna Aphidna naamai vake Aethra. Ipapo Theseus naPirithous vakaenda kuHadhesi (pasi pechiGiriki) kunoba Persephone (mwanasikana waZeus naDhemeter), kuitira kuti ave naPirithous. Pavakazviwana vava muHadhesi, veDioscuri vakaenda ndokununura hanzvadzi yavo Helen.
Zvimwe zvekupambwa kwaHelena
Kutora semusungwa Etra, amai vaTheseus uye hanzvadzi yaPirithous, yavakatora kuSparta kuti vave varanda vaHelena.
Maererano nedzimwe shanduro dzepfupiso yaHelen weTroy, zvinotsanangurwa kuti iye naTheseus vaiva nemwanasikana wavakatumidza kuti Iphigenia, asi apo Dioscuri akasunungura Helen, akapa mwanasikana wake kuhanzvadzi yake Clytemnestra uyo aiva mudzimai waAgamemnon (mwanakomana waMambo Atherus weMycenae naMambokadzi Aerope uye mukoma waMeneus). Zvisinei, zvizhinji zvezvinyorwa zvengano dzechiGiriki zvinoti Iphigenia akanga ari mwanasikana chaiye waClytemnestra naMambo Agamemnon.
Kuroorana naMenelaus
Muchidimbu cheHelen weTroy, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti ainyatsozivikanwa nokuda kwekunaka kwake uye neHondo yeTrojan, iyo yaaive chikonzero. Mukuwedzera kune izvozvo, mushure mekubiwa naTheseus, kusachena kwake hakuna kumuita kuti ave nenhamba huru yevashambadziri kuti akumbire ruoko rwake.
Kutaura zvazviri, paakanga akura zvakakwana kuti aroore, nhamba huru yevashambadziri kubva kuGreece vakatendeukira kwaari, vakafadzwa nerunako rwake uyewo nokuti Helena pamwe chete nemurume wake wenguva yemberi vaizova vatongi veSparta.
Helen naMeneus
Baba vake, avo vakagamuchira zano kubva kuna Ulysses (uyo waakavimbisa kuti aizomubatsira kuti atore muzukuru wake Penelope somudzimai) uyewo kudzivirira kuti Helena asazopambwa zvakare, vakaita kuti varwi vose vaende kuTemberi yeMinerva, vachivamanikidza kuti vave mhiko dzakakomba.
Mhiko iyi yaibva pakuti kunze kwekuti mumwe nemumwe wavo aitenderana nesarudzo yaHelena, vaifanirawo kumudzivirira iye nemurume wake pamunhu wese aida kuvagumbura.
Machinda ose akapika. Pane vhezheni inotaura nezve pfupiso yaHelen weTroy, painotsanangurwa kuti akasarudza Menelaus. Zvisinei, panewo shanduro inotaura kuti Tyndareus ndiye akasarudza Meneus semurume waHelen, uyo aiva mukoma waAgamemnon (mambo weMycenae) uyo aiva murume wemumwe mwanasikana wake Clytemnestra. Menelaus naHelen vaivawo nemwanasikana wavakatumidza kuti Hermione.
kunyengedza kweParis
Imwe yenyaya huru dzakatenderedza pfupiso yaHelen weTroy ndiyo ine chekuita nehukama hwake naParis. Kunyange mwarikadzi Aphrodite akavimbisa iyi Trojan muchinda Helen rudo semubairo. Imhaka yekuti akasarudza Aphrodite mumakwikwi erunako aaive nawo naHera naAthena.
Apo Menelaus akanga atova nemakore matatu kana mana okuberekwa naHelen, akapa mutsa kuna Paris, uyo akanga achishanyira Sparta. Mukati mokugara kwaParis, Menelaus aifanira kuita rwendo kuenda kuchitsuwa cheKrete, sezvo aifanira kuenda kumariro aCatreus (mambo weKrete) nasekuru vake vamai vake.
Panguva iyoyo, Aphrodite (mwarikadzi werunako, hunhu uye rudo) akaita kuti Helen ade Paris uye ivo vaviri vakapukunyuka kubva kuSparta pamwe chete, kunyange kutora pfuma yaHelen navo. Vakanga vari pamwe chete kekutanga pachitsuwa cheCraniae. Zvisinei, Hera akavatumira dutu pavakanga vachiyambuka Kupro neFenikiya, asi vakakwanisa kusvika Troy.
Imwe vhezheni yehukama pakati peHelena naParis
Imwe shanduro ine chokuitawo nepfupiso yaHelen weTroy, inotsanangura kuti Helen haana kumboenda kuTroy neParis, sezvo Zeus, Hera kana Proteus (mwari wegungwa), akamuita mweya uye ari iye akafamba naParis. . Saka Helena wepakutanga akaendeswa kuIjipita naHermesi.
Kune zvakare imwe vhezheni yechikamu ichi chepfupiso yaHelen weTroy, iyo inotsanangura kuti Paris akapamba Helen ndokumutora nechisimba kuenda naye kuTroy. Nenzira iyi, Menelaus akaenda kune vose vakanga vapika kuti vadzivirire iye nemudzimai wake kuti vamuwane, nokudaro achitanga iyo yakakurumbira Trojan War. Kuziva zvakare nezve mayan jaguar.
Trojan hondo
Kune shanduro dzinotsanangura kuti Helena naParis pavakasvika kuTroy vakavagamuchira zvakashata, asi vamwe vanoti vakavagamuchira zvakanaka, kunyanya hama dzeParis namambokadzi Hecuba.
Panewo shanduro iyo maTrojans akadanana naHelen uye chaizvoizvo Mambo Priam akapika mhiko yokuti aisazomurega achienda. Kunyange mufemberi Cassandra (mwanasikana waHecuba naPriam) akafanotaura kuti Helena ndiye aizotungamirira guta kuti riparare, asi hapana akamutenda.
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kusati kwatanga Hondo yeTrojan, Menelaus naOdysseus vakaenda kuTroy sevamiririri vaizoenda kunotsvaka Helen uye pfuma yaakanga atora. Zvisinei, vagari veTroy havana kuda kuidzorera, uye havana kuurayiwa nokuti mukuru weTrojan councillor Antenor akapindira.
Uyu chipangamazano kuna Mambo Priam weTroy, akapa mhinduro pakati pevaGiriki nevaTrojan, vachiratidza kunetsana pakati peParis naMeneus. Nokuda kworutivi rwake, munyori wechiGiriki Partenio de Nicaea anorondedzera mubhuku rake Matambudziko orudo, kuti avo vaiti Helena vakanga vari Diomedes (mambo weArgos) uye Acamante (mwanakomana waTheseus naPhaedra).
Herodotus shanduro
Imwe shanduro inoenderana nepfupiso yaHelen weTroy uye yakatsanangurwa nemunyori wechiGiriki Herodotus, inoreva kuti vagari veTroy vakati havana Helen kana pfuma yake, saka zvese zvaive muIjipita naye. Mambo Proteus.
Zvisinei, vaGiriki vakafunga kuti vaTrojan vakanga vachivaseka, vakakunda Troy asi Helen akanga asipo uye ndipo pavakatenda maTrojans kuti vakasarudza kutumira Menelaus kuEgypt.
Maererano neshanduro iyoyo, munyori wenhau dzakaitika Herodotus akatsanangura kuti kudai Helen akanga ari muTroy panguva iyoyo, angadai akadzorerwa kuvaGiriki, sezvo Priam kana kuti vagari vomuTroy vaisazopinda mungozi yokurwa, kuti vangofadza Paris.
Herodotus anorondedzerawo kuti mhepo dzairwisana dzakamanikidza sei Helen naParis kuenda kuEgipita, uko vakagamuchirwa zvinofadza naMambo Proteus, uyo akanga asingazivi zvakanga zvaitika. Mambo paakaziva nezvechiitiko ichi, akadzinga Paris ndokubata Helen kusvikira Menelaus adzoka mushure meTrojan War.
Pane imwe shanduro yenyaya iyi, iyo inorondedzera kuti apo Trojan War yakanga ichiitika, Aphrodite naThetis (nyanza yegungwa) vakaronga musangano pakati paHelen naAchilles.
Kune zvakare vhezheni yeEuripides, ine mimwe misiyano yezvakaitika. Izvi zvinobva pakuti mushure mekupopotedzana pamusoro pekunaka, Hera, uyo akanga akatsamwa zvikuru, akatsiva Helen nechipoko uye Hermesi akamuchengeta mumuzinda weProteus umo vakamurinda kusvikira Menelaus adzoka.
Iyo Iliad naHelen
Pfupiso yaHelen weTroy sezviri pachena inosanganisira zvine chekuita nebasa reIliad. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti airemekedzwa zvakanyanya naMambo Priam uye neTrojan muchinda Hector, aitarisirawo kudzivirira guta muTrojan War.
Mukuwedzera, maTrojans aimuyemura nekuda kwerunako rwake asi zvakare akati kwaari chikonzero chakakonzera Hondo yeTrojan. Kuvapo kwake mubasa iri rekunyora kunotsanangurwa paakasuma vatungamiri vakakurumbira veAchaean veguta kuPriam, chiitiko chinotsanangurwa se. Techoskopy.
Ari panzvimbo iyoyo akaona kurwisana pakati paMenelaus naParis. Akavewo nekupokana naAphrodite, nekuti mwarikadzi anoratidza kuti anofanira kuenda neParis kana duel yapera, kunyangwe gare gare, achitya kutyisidzira kwaAphrodite, anozopedzisira azvipira.
Pakupera kwenhetembo, Helena anochema rufu rwemukuwasha wake Hector uye anotsanangura mabatiro aakaita muTroy kwemakore makumi maviri. Kusangana ne ngano dzepasi rose nengano.
Helena muzviitiko zvakaitika mushure meiyo yakataurwa muIliad
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha maererano nepfupiso yaHelen weTroy chine chekuita nezvakaitika mushure mezvakarondedzerwa mubhuku reIliad. Chimwe chaiitika chaiva chokuti Córito, uyo aiva mwanakomana waParis uye nymph Oenone, aida Helena, izvo zvainzi rudo rwese. Saka Paris paakazviziva, akauraya mwanakomana wake.
Zvisinei, imwe shanduro inotsanangura kuti Córito aiva mumwe wevana vaiva naHelena naParis. Imwe chokwadi chakashumwa chine chokuita neidi rokuti apo Hondo yeTrojan yakaitika, Paris akafa uye Helena akamanikidzwa kuroora Deíphobo (mwanakomana waPriam naHecuba, pamwe chete nomunun’una waHector).
Helen uye Odysseus
Izvi zvakaita kuti Helenus (uyewo mwanakomana waPriam naHecuba) abve Troy, nokuti akanga achidananawo naHelen. Pamusoro pazvo, sezvo aive nechipo chekuuka, sehanzvadzi yake Cassandra naCalchas aive svikiro rechiGiriki, aiziva kuti aiziva nezvemashura aichengeta guta, Odysseus akasarudza kumubata, saka akamanikidzwa kutaura zvaive nezvirevo.
Pamusoro peizvi, chimwe chinhu chakakosha chine chekuita nepfupiso yaHelen weTroy ndechekuti akaziva Odysseus paakapinda muTroy kunosora akazvivanza semunhu asina pekugara, kunyangwe asina kumupomera mhosva. Zvechokwadi, kuti vapinde muTroy, vaAchaeans vakaita bhiza guru rehuni rakabata varwi vakawanda mukati. Saka vaTrojans vakarega bhiza richipfuura, kunyange zvazvo vakanga vasingazivi zvaiva mukati maro.
Asi varwi vasati vasiya bhiza, Helen, neunyanzvi hwake uye uyo aiziva chirongwa cheAchaeans, akatevedzera manzwi evakadzi vevarwi vechiGiriki. Pazvaiitika izvi, aifamba-famba nebhiza, achiperekedzwa naDeiphobus. Nokudaro aigona kuona kana vaAchaeans vaizopindura pavakanga vari pabhiza, asi havana, nokuti vaizozvipa ivo pachavo.
Mwenje waHelen weTroy
Imwe shanduro ine chokuita naHelena inotsanangura kuti ndiye aivheyesa tochi usiku, ari mumba make. Ichi chaiva chiratidzo kune vaAchaeans kuti masuwo eTroy aizovhurwa nevarwi vakanga vari mukati mebhiza remapuranga.
Hondo yeTrojan yakaguma apo sangano reAchaean rakakunda. Meneus akauraya Deiphobus uye haana kuuraya Helen nokuti zvakare akawira murudo runako rwake, saka akamuregerera. Imwe shanduro inotsanangura kuti Helen ndiye akauraya Deiphobus uye Menelaus akamuregerera paakaona mazamu ake asina kusununguka.
Inotsanangurwawo mune imwe shanduro, kuti pakudzoka kuSparta, vaifanira kugara kwenguva refu muEgypt. Kutaura zvazviri, muAttica pane chitsuwa chinonzi Helena Island. Izvi zvakaitika nokuti zvaidavirwa kuti akanga aripo paakadzokera kuHellas. Panzvimbo iyo paiva naNikostrato, pamwe chete naMeneasi.
Helen muOdyssey
Uyu munhu wechikadzi wechiGiriki akaonekwawo mune zvimwe zvikamu zvebhuku iri. Imwe yacho yaiva apo Telemachus anosvika muSparta uye ikoko anotaura naHelena naMeneus, avo vakanga vambova vatongi venzvimbo yacho. Mukuwedzera, iye nemurume wake vanoyeuka dzimwe nguva dzeTrojan War.
