Kunzwisisa kweSolar System kwakachinja zvachose nekuwanikwa kwemapuraneti madiki ari kunze kwePluto. Imwe yeiyi ipuraneti yemadiki inozivikanwa uye yakasiyana Haumea , muenzaniso wakajeka wehukuru hwechadenga. Haumea iboka remapuraneti madiki anodiwa, uye nekudaro ine kukosha kukuru kwesainzi.
Haumea inozivikanwa zvakare nekuverengerwa pakati pezvakanakisa trans-Neptunian zvinhu. Saizvozvo, ine domicile yayo yakanyudzwa mune inonakidza Kuiper bhandi kupfuura Pluto. Mukutaura kwakawanda, inyika yakati, ine kukurumidza kutenderera uye chimiro chakatsetseka. Hapana mubvunzo kuti chinhu chinonakidza chiri mukati meiyo Solar System.
Ungangodawo kuziva nezvenyaya yedu: Kuwanikwa kwemapuraneti kwakatanga rini? Ndeipi yekutanga?
Kuzivisa zvese zvakatenderedza Haumea. Nei pasi rose iri diki richinyanya kufarirwa nesainzi?
Muchikamu chemapuraneti madiki, Pluto ndiyo yaive yakakurumbira kusvika pakawanikwa mamwe. Ndipo panguva iyoyo apo Haumea yakatanga kuonekwa pamepu seimwe planetoid inozivikanwa.
Yakatumidzwa zita iroro neMPC (Minor Planet Center), yakawanikwa musi wa7 Kurume, 2003. Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, yakarongwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinangwa zvesainzi. Izvi hazvisi zvimwe kunze kwezvinhu zve trans-Neptunian , mapuraneti madiki, uye plutoids.
Kunobva: Google
Payakangowanikwa, zvidzidzo zvakatanga pamusoro pemaumbirwo ayo nechimiro chayo. Nhasi, zvinozivikanwa kuti Haumea ine chimiro chakati sandara, kana kuti inonzi nesainzi chimiro cheellipsoidal.
Mhedziso iyi imhaka yekugara ichicherechedzwa kwechiedza chayo, uko kwakagumiswa kuti ine curvature. Mupfungwa iyoyo, axis yayo huru yakareba kana ichienzaniswa neyakatarisana nayo, diki axis yepasi.
Kana tichitarisa hunhu hwayo, huwandu hwayo hunongova chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chePluto . Zvisinei, pamusoro payo pane hunhu hwakasiyana: inenge yakafukidzwa nechando chose.
Saizvozvovo, Haumea inoonekwa seimwe yemaplanetoid inopenya huwandu hwechiedza kana ichionekwa. Imwe yenzvimbo dzayo yakatosiyaniswa nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika senzvimbo yakatsvuka dzvuku, yakafanana netsvina yakakura.
Haumea ipuraneti yakasiyana ine hunhu hwakasiyana zvikuru. Maumbirwo ayo ane denderedzwa rematombo , iro mwedzi miviri inotenderera semasatellite.
Haumea, nyika diki yakawanikwa makore makumi maviri apfuura. Zvakakwanisika sei kuiwana?
Kuwanikwa kweHaumea, nyika diki iri mhiri kwePluto, yakanyura mumakakatanwa kwechinguva. Kuti vazive kuvapo kwaro, zviitiko zvishomanana zvakaitika zvakaratidza nzira yezvinozivikanwa nhasi.
Vatambi vezviitiko izvi vaiva mapoka maviri aibva kunzvimbo dzakaparadzaniswa nemakiromita. Chekutanga, chaibva kuSpain, chaisanganisira Pablo Santos Sanz naJosé Luis Ortiz , vekuInstitute of Astrophysics of Andalusia.
Kune rimwe divi renyika kwaive nechikwata chechipiri, chaive naMike Brown naChad Trujillo. Vese vaibva kuCaltech panguva iyoyo , vachikwikwidzana kuti vawane patent yeHaumea.
Chinhu chinowanzoonekwa pakuwanikwa uku, icho zvikwata zvese zviri zviviri zvinogovana, ndechekuti vakashandisa mifananidzo yakatorwa kare kuti vaone pasi. Zvisinei, chikwata chaSantos Sanz naOrtiz vakaziva pasi iri pakati paKurume 7 na10, 2003. Chikwata chechipiri chakasimbisa zvavakawana gore rakatevera, muna Zvita 2004.
Izvi ndizvo zvakakonzera kuwanikwa kweHaumea, puraneti diki ine hunhu hwakafanana nePluto. Panguva iyi ndipo pakatanga pfungwa yekusimbisa kuvapo kwezvinhu zve trans-Neptunian uye kuwedzera kukosha kweKuiper Belt.
Zvisinei, gakava rakamuka nekuti timu yaBrown yakasarudza kumirira rumwe ruzivo nezvekuwanikwa kwechinhu ichi, chisarudzo icho nhumwa dzekuEurope, dzaitungamirwa naSantos Sanz naOrtiz, hadzina kufunga nezvacho.
Mushure mekupa zvavakawana kuMPC, zita rinenge rekuyedza rakapihwa kupasi idzva. Muna Chikunguru 2005, yakaziviswa seHaumea, iyo yegumi yepasi yeSolar System zvakateerana.
Nyika Haumea uye zvese zvinozivikanwa nezvazvo. Zviri sei chaizvo?
Kunobva: Google
Puraneti reHaumea raive rimwe remapuraneti makuru akawanikwa munguva iyoyo. Chaizvoizvo, rakabatsira kusimbisa dzidziso yekuti kunze kweNeptune nePluto, kwaive kuchine zvinhu zvekudenga zvaisafanira kuongororwa.
Kazhinji, Haumea ndeimwe yemapuraneti mashanu akanyanya kukosha muSolar System. Zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi uhu, inosvika pachishanu muchikamu ichocho, kumashure kwePluto, Eris, Ceres uye Makemake.
Vesainzi vakatambura kusvika pakubvumirana pamusoro pehunhu hwepasi reHaumea. Zvisinei, zvakagumiswa kuti ipasi rine matombo, rine chando chakawanda pamusoro paro.
Chimiro uye chimiro
Iyo Planet Haumea inozivikanwa nechimiro chayo, chechipiri kune yakakura kukanganisa nechimwe chinhu chikuru. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kutaridzika kwayo kweellipsoidal kana 3D ellipse kwakawana mukurumbira uye kufarira kubva munharaunda yesainzi.
Kana iri nyaya yekugadzirwa kwayo, Haumea inozivikanwa kuti yakafukidzwa nechando chakatetepa. Pasi payo pane dombo rine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvisati zvaonekwa kusvika pari zvino.
Haumea pamusoro
Kuverenga nzvimbo yeHaumea albedo haina kungobatsira kuona kuti inoyera sei. Zvakare, yakashanda kujekesa zvimwe pamusoro peiyo nzvimbo yakajairika. Zvimwechete, sezvatotaurwa, zvinopihwa denderedzwa rakakura rechando rinokwanisa kuratidza chikamu chikuru chemwaranzi.
Mhete, mwedzi uye zvimwe zvakasiyana
Haumea inozivikanwa nedenderedzwa rayo rematombo rakakomberedza pamusoro payo. Ndiyo imwe yemapuraneti madiki ane masaiti echisikigo, anoti Hi'iaka naNamaka. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvinonakidza zveHaumea ndehurefu hwezuva rayo, iro rinodarika maawa mana.
