Iyo geocentric theory, inonziwo geocentric modhi kana geocentrism, ndeye dzidziso yezvenyeredzi inoisa Nyika pakati pechadenga, nepo dzimwe nyeredzi dzichiritenderera.
Maonero enyika iyi yakanga yakawanda muvanhu vakawanda vekare sezvakaita muBhabhironi Nhasi tinotaura nezvekuti zvaive sei uye kuti zvakachinja sei theoretical kune yazvino.
geocentric theory
Chaizvoizvo pakanga pasina kana imwe geocentric theory asi munhoroondo yese yehuzivi yakasiyana. Chokwadi, dzidziso yacho yakatanga muGirisi yekare.
Kune ve presocratics
Anaximander muzana remakore rechitanhatu BC. C. vaidavira kurongwa kwenyeredzi umo Nyika yakanga ine cylindrical shape (sechidimbu chenyere) ndizvo Ndakanga ndiri pakati pezvinhu zvose zvakayangarara. Akatsanangura dzimwe nyeredzi nekuona mavhiri asingaoneki akakomberedza Nyika, mavhiri iwayo aiva nemakomba maduku aibvumira vagari venyika kuona moto wakavanzwa (zuva).
VaPythagoras vaifunga kuti pasi rakanga rakatenderera mushure mekuona kuora kwezuva. uye vakataura kuti yakanga ichienda kumoto usingaoneki.
Shanduro dzose dziri mbiri dzaizoguma dzabatana, zvichiita kuti zvakapararira pakati pevaGiriki vose vaigona kudzidza. Nyika yaive denderedzwa raive pakati pechadenga. Plato naAristotle vakatsaurira mabasa kune iyo theocentric theory yenyika.
Plato
Plato akati Nyika yaive bhora rakazorora pakati pechadenga. Nyeredzi nemamwe mapuraneti zvakamutenderedza achigadzira madenderedzwa edenga, imwe neimwe iine denderedzwa pairi uye ichibva padyo nePasi kuenda kure-kure nenzira inotevera: Mwedzi, Zuva, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, uye nyeredzi dzakatemwa. mubhuku rake La República akatsanangura kuti mhashu nemoira vairinda sei pasi rose.
Aristotle
Achitevera hurongwa hwemudzidzisi wake, akaramba achiisa Nyika pakati pezvese, achironga mapuraneti nenyeredzi dzakaitenderedza. Pachiitiko ichi, zvose zviri muchadenga zvakanga zvakabatanidzwa nemabhora (pakati pemakore 47 ne55) asingaonekwe uye anotenderera Pasi achitarisa pairi. mativi Akavadaidza kuti "crystalline spheres" uye sezvaaifungidzira kufamba kwavo kwakasiyana mune imwe neimwe. Akasimbisa kuti mitumbi yokudenga yaiumbwa neether. Mwedzi wakanga uchiri chinhu chiri pedyo zvikuru neNyika uye kusangana nawo kwakakonzera macules (rima mavara).
akaenderera mberi nekunyora kutsanangura zvinhu zvepanyika zvakaita sepasi, mvura, moto, mweya uyezve ether. Huremu hwakasiyana hwechimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi ndihwo hwakange hwavamisa paNyika. Nyika ndiyo yainyanya kurema, mvura yaikwezvwa nehuremu hwepasi ndokusaka yakagadzira mutsetse wakatenderedza pasi pacharo. Mhepo nemoto zvairerekera kunze zvakanyanya kure nepakati, nemoto uri iwo wakareruka. Kupfuura zvese zviri pamusoro, yaive ether.
Ptolemy
Pashure pedzidziso dzokutanga dzechiGiriki, dzidziso iyoyo yakatsigirwa pamapfundo akawanda. Chekutanga ndechekuti kana Nyika ikafamba, izvo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa munyeredzi dzakagadziriswa (iyo yaifanirwa kunge iri pedyo zvakanyanya kupfuura zvavave kuzivikanwa kuva). Kupenya kweVenus kwaive chimwe chezvinhu zvakatsigira dzidziso, nyika yaigara iine kupenya kusingachinji, zvichiratidza kuti yaigara iri pachinhambwe chimwe chete kubva pasi.
Zvisinei, kuchinja kwehukuru hwemapuraneti akabhadharwa nekuchinja kwechinhambwe hakugone kutsanangurwa. Ptolemy mubasa rake the almagest, zvaizogadzirisa dambudziko racho. Nyika imwe neimwe yakafamba nepakati pemativi maviri kana kupfuura, kuva imwe yadzo iyo inoimisa kutenderedza pasi. Imwe nharaunda, idiki kwazvo, Yakaita kuti nyika itenderere nokudaro ichibva kana kuswedera pedyo neNyika ichitevera denderedzwa irori raifamba padenderedzwa rimwechete rakatenderedza Nyika. Akaramba achiti hurongwa hwaive hwakafanana uye hwedenderedzwa. Iyi dzidziso yakagamuchirwa neWest uye yakaguma yava iyo geocentric theory yakachengetwa kwemazana emakore.
Kunyange zvazvo dzidziso yacho yakanga isiri yechokwadi, ichokwadi akafanotaura mamwe mafambiro edenga senge retrograde motion.
Kuwanikwa kwekuti Nyika inotenderera zuva
Haasi ese mamodheru echiGreek akatevera iyi theocentric system. Vamwe vePythagoras vaipikisa kuti Nyika nderimwe remapuraneti aitenderera zuva.
Aristarch weSamos muzana remakore rechipiri BC. c. Akanga ari mukurusa wevaGiriki vose vaidzivirira iyi dzidziso mukupesana neizvo vaGiriki vaiwanzofunga. Akanyora bhuku pamusoro peheliocentrism. Asi dzidziso iyoyo haina kubata. Seleucus weSeleucia oga ndiye akapfuurira nepfungwa iyoyo.
VaMuslim vanoongorora nyeredzi Pakutanga vakagamuchira dzidziso yakapedzwa naPtolemy, asi yakatenderedza Muzana ramakore rechigumi mune zvinyorwa zvakati wandei uko kusafamba kwaifanirwa kuve nePasi kwakabvunzwa, nenzira imwechete yavakabvunza kuti ndiyo yaive pakati pezvese.. Vamwe vakatoona kuti pasi raitenderera paaxis yaro pacharo uye kuti kufamba kunoonekwa mudenga kwaikonzerwa nekufamba kwenyika, kwete kwedenga pacharo.
Copernicus
Muna 1543 Copernicus aizopinda muchiitiko, uyo Akataura kuti Nyika nemamwe mapuraneti aitenderera zuva. Nekudaro, iyo geocentric theory yakaramba ichinyanya kugamuchirwa. Shanduko yedzidziso yakapfuura zvese zvaitendwa kusvika parizvino pamatanho ese, ehuzivi uye echitendero.
Dzidziso yake yakatsigira izvozvo Nyika inozvitenderedza kamwe chete pazuva uye kamwe pagore yaiita kutenderera kwakazara kutenderedza Zuva. Akataurawo kuti kutenderera kwacho kwaive kwakatenderedza axis yePasi pachayo. Zvese izvi zvaimiririra kufambira mberi kukuru maererano neiyo geocentric theory. Ichokwadi kuti Copernicus aichengeta zvinhu kubva mudzidziso yekare yakadai sepfungwa yokuti mabhora aAristotle ane crystalline. Uye zvakare yenzvimbo yekunze uko nyeredzi dzese dzisingafambi dzaive.
Newton naKepler
Kepler akaita mitemo yake mitatu muna 1609 na1619 achitsigira pfungwa yeheliocentric, umo mapuraneti anofamba nenzira yeelliptical. Kunyanya, yakaratidza kuti ndima yeVenus yaive yakaita sei muna 1631.
Kune rumwe rutivi, Newton uye mutemo wake wesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi waizopa kupedzisa kubata kune yose heliocentric theory. Iri ndiro simba raichengeta mapuraneti ari munzira. Izvozvo zvakabvumira kuti pave nemuenzaniso wezuva nezuva wakatangwa uyo wakagadzirisa kusava nechokwadi kwakanga kwamutswa kusvika zvino.
