MaFreesia ari sei?
Iruva remuAfrica rinonhuhwirira zvikuru nekuda kweruvara rweyero, dzvuku, pink, orenji, bhuruu nepepuru Rinogona kuburitsa maruva mashanu kusvika manomwe padzinde rimwe chete uye kusvika paurefu hwemasendimita makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu kana rasangana nezuva. Kukura kwavo kwakanaka kana vakavhenekwa nechiedza chezuva, asi zvakare vanoshivirira nzvimbo yekudyara inowana mumvuri. Vanodyarwa vachishandisa mababu akagadzirirwa kunze muna Kubvumbi kwekupera kwezhizha maruva, kana anogona kurimwa mune inotonhorera greenhouse yekutumbuka kwechirimo.
Freesia stems yakaonda uye haigoni kutsigira huremu hwemaruva, kunyanya mumhando dzinobudisa maruva maviri. Kukura kwesiteki system ine grid yekutsigira maruva nemashizha inochengetedza zvirimwa zvakati twasu. Izvo zvakakoshawo kune bindu rekucheka, apo maruva anogona kushandiswa apo ruva rekutanga pa stem rinotanga uye mamwe ose anotanga kuratidza ruvara; Kana dzakachekwa, dzinogona kugara mazuva angangoita gumi nemaviri muvhasi remvura.
Nzira yekukura sei Freesias?
Sezvo ma freesia bulbs achipinda muchikamu chekukura panguva yekudonha, anofanirwa kudyarwa panguva ino yegore munzvimbo ine zuva mubindu rine ivhu rakapfuma. Zvakanaka, gadheni rejecha loam rakagadziridzwa ne humus kana compost. Sezvo magirobhu ari madiki haadi kudyara kwakadzika, ingoaisa nemagumo akanongedza kumusoro, 5 cm kudzika uye 5 kusvika 10 masendimita akaparadzana, achigadzira mapoka anosvika mashanu kana 5, kuitira kuti ataridzike zvakanyanya panguva yekutumbuka, izvo zvinofanirwa kuitika mumavhiki gumi nemaviri kazhinji.
Freesias haasi maruva anotonhora anotonhora uye anoda tembiricha yehusiku inosvika 10 kusvika 55 madhigirii kuti aumbe buds. Nekudaro, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti kana iwe usingakwanise kuwana inotonhorera greenhouse, unofanirwa kuifambisa mumidziyo kuenda kune isina kupisa garaji kana kudonhedza manheru ega ega. Uyezve, freesias inosarudza inenge 40% kusvika 50% humidity, iyo inogona kuva yakaoma kupa mumamiriro ekunze akaoma. Uye zvakare, zvinodikanwa kuti kana mabukira ekutanga abuda kubva muvhu, shandisa maruva ane mwero fertilizer, izvi zvinofanirwa kudzokororwa panguva yese yekukura kwekukura uye kuchengetedza zvirimwa muzuva rakazara.
Indoor kana greenhouse kudyara
Mumba, ma bulbs anotumbuka kubva munaNdira kusvika Kubvumbi kana akadyarwa pakati paNyamavhuvhu naZvita. Zvakanaka, kudyara kwaGumiguru kunofanirwa kutumbuka munaKurume kwemavhiki mana kusvika mashanu. Sanganisa magirobhu kubva pa5 kusvika ku8 centimita akaparadzana nemazano achibuda pasi. Mvura mushure mekudyara uye uiise munzvimbo inotonhorera, isina chando, sechando, pa5 degrees Celsius kweinenge mwedzi. Zvadaro endesa hari kune greenhouse kana nzvimbo inotonhorera ine tembiricha ye10 kusvika 15 degrees Celsius yechando.
Ipa chiedza chakakwana uye mhepo inofefetera, uye usaite kuti zviome. Tsigira tsigiro yechirimwa chiri kukura nematavi kana waya mesh sezvo madzinde anokura. Isa musanganiswa wakapfuma mu potassium kwemavhiki maviri kubva pakatanga kubuda. Mushure memaruva, cheka maruva akasvava uye ramba uchidiridza uye uchidyisa kusvikira mashizha atanga kusvava. Muripo uchasimudzirwa mumwedzi miviri. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti kana ikaramba ichikura kwegore rechipiri, mashizha anofanira kuoma kutanga kwaJuly.
Ndezvipi zvinonetsa?
Kuve nechokwadi chekuti ivhu rakanyoroveswa zvakanaka ndicho chinhu chakakosha pakukura kwechirimwa, saka iva nechokwadi chekuti ivhu rako rakanyoroveswa nekudyara zvirimwa uye kugadzirisa mvura. Pamusoro pemvura inodiwa nechirimwa, chengeta ivhu rakanyorova asi risina kunyorova sezvo nhungirwa itsva dzinokura; Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kudiridza kuitwe kamwe chete pasvondo kana vachinge vatumbuka. Inofanira kubva yachekwa kuti ivhu riome kana mashizha ashanduka kutsvuka uye otanga kusvava.
Freesias haisi maruva anotonhora-akasimba uye anowanzosimwa mukutanga kwechirimo segore negore munzvimbo dziri kunze kwenzvimbo yavo yekukura. Nekudaro, zvirimwa zvinoda tembiricha dzehusiku pamusoro pegumi madhigirii kuti dzigadzire mabuds. Kana iwe usingakwanise kuwana greenhouse inotonhorera, inofanirwa kutamirwa mumidziyo kuenda kugaraji risina kupisa kana kudonhedzwa husiku hwega hwega. Pamusoro pezvo, freesias inofarira kutenderedza 10% kusvika 40% humidity, iyo inogona kunetsa kupa munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Tichifunga nezvezviri pamusoro, kana ukaona kuti kunyangwe nekutarisira kwaunopa, zvirimwa hazvisati zvatumbuka, yeuka kuti Freesias inoda mamiriro akafanana neaya ekwaanogara. Nokudaro, dzinofanirwa kudzivirirwa kubva kumhepo yechando nguva dzose; Iwe unozofanirwa kuabvisa kubva pasi uye wodyara iwo mumidziyo kuti uzvidzivirire kubva pakupisa kwechando. Chimwe chikonzero chekutora matanho ekudzivirira kunogona kukanganisa kupisa, izvo munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakanyanya inogona kukonzera matinji matete uye maruva anopera nekukurumidza kana kutadza kutumbuka nekuti anoda kutyora dormancy.
Kudzora tupukanana nezvirwere zvakakwana kwakakoshawo pakurima kunobudirira kwema freesias, sezvo achiwanzobatwa nehove, makonye uye mared greenhouse mite, makonzo nemavoles. Pamusoro pezvo, vanogona kuratidza izvo zvinozivikanwa seFusarium bulb rot, Freesia mosaic virus, uye gladiolus dry rot fungus, Sclerotinia, inokonzeresa kuora kwemidzi uye fluffy white mold pamadzinde.
Freesia Propagation
Kuparadzira maruva eFreesia, iwe unofanirwa kutanga wabvisa magirobhu akarara kubva pasi muzhizha, izvi zvinogoneka nekorm offsets. Wodyara nekuachengeta sezvaungangoita magirobhu. Asi yeuka kuti maruva anogona kusatanga kusvika mwaka kana maviri gare gare. Imwe nzira yokukurisa nayo ndeyokukura kubva kumbeu mukati memwedzi minomwe kusvika kumisere, asi inogona kusatumbuka kweimwe mwaka.
Iyi nzira yekupedzisira yekuberekesa inosanganisira kuita nhevedzano yenhanho dzinotanga nekubvumira mbeu dzembeu kuti dzikure pachirimwa mushure mekutumbuka, izvo zvinowanzoitika muzhizha. Kana vachinge vaita shava uye vagadzira mitsetse yakatwasuka, vanofanirwa kuunganidzwa nekuomeswa mubhegi remapepa kwemazuva mashoma. Mushure mekusarudza mhodzi huru, dzinofanira kufukidzwa nemvura inodziya dzosiiwa kuti dzinyorove kwezuva rose kuti dzipfave deko radzo rakaoma dzisati dzadyarwa.
Zvadaro, dzinofanira kubvumirwa kumera murima nekudziya kwemashure kuri pakati pe13 ne18 degrees Celsius. Imwe nhanho ndeyekuvhara mudziyo wakasarudzwa kune mamwe zvirimwa nealuminium foil uye kumirira kusvika madzinde aoneka. Kuchengetedza panguva yechikamu ichi kwakakoshawo kudzivirira kuomeswa uye kubvumira zvirimwa kuti zvifambe muchikamu chezvinomera, kugara uchichengetedza mamiriro akakodzera ekudiridza zvine mwero, hunyoro, uye tembiricha.
Mhando dzeFreesias
Kune marudzi akawanda emhando, pakati peiyo Belleville, iyo inoratidzirwa nekuva nemaruva machena maviri. Mamwe maFreesia anoroya iGoridhe Passion, sezvo aine maruva eyero anosvika gumi padzinde. Kune zvakare ayo anozivikanwa nezita rekuti Oberon, ayo anosiyaniswa nekuve nekupenya kwakatsvuka uye yero bicolor maruva. Mukuwedzera, iyo yeRoyal Blue type inotaurwa, iyo yakasiyana-siyana ine maruva machena uye yakapfava yepepuru toni. Mamwe marudzi echirimwa ichi chinomera kubva kucorm, chaunogona kurima nekuchengeta sezvakatsanangurwa munyaya ino, zvakataurwa pazasi:
Speedy White - Yakanakisa uye yakapfava, ruva iri rine crisp petals machena akatenderedza madiki akasiyana ero nzvimbo. Zvakajairika kuti vatore nzvimbo yakakosha maererano nekushongedza. Pink Kukwezva: Inoratidzira yakamonana mwenje yepingi kune yakasviba mapetali epingi, ichigadzira maruva akapfuma, ane maruva akawanda. Inonyatso kusanganisa pink neakapfava machena mavara uye anodada emitambo mashizha anopenya, iyi mhando yeFreesia yakanakira kubatikana uye michato. Corvette Freesias: Vanopa kunhuhwirira kunoshamisa, kuburikidza nemaruva avo makuru machena akarongwa muzvikamu.
Runako rutsvuku: Chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zverudzi urwu rweFreesia kunhuhwirira kwayo kwakasimba uye kunotapira. Inobereka maruva matsvuku akajeka ane mavara eyero pazasi pepetal imwe neimwe. Freesia Vienna - Iine mapeti machena akachena anodzima kusvika kune yakareruka beige akananga pakati zvichireva kuti unogona kuadyara padivi pemamwe maruva ane mavara uye anopindirana zvakanaka. Vanogadzira zvirimwa zvinoyevedza zvemumuganhu uye zvakare zvakadzikira kuchengetedza.
Kuenderera mberi nehukama pakati pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze freesias, zvakakosha kucherechedza, iyo inonzi Dawn: iyo ine maruva matsvuku akajeka, nzvimbo dzeyero dzakajeka uye mumvuri wakajeka wemuchena pedyo nepakati. Kune zvakare Sandra: inova inoshamisa mhando yeFreesia, ine yakanyanya pink petals uye yero uye chena nzvimbo. Pink kukwezva: ane petals ari chena pink ane raspberry rim, uye petals anoputirana kuitira kuti pakati pave pakavanzika.
Kune chikamu chayo, iyo Panda Freesia inoshamisa nekuti mapeti ayo ane raspberry pink ane chena padyo neyakajeka yepakati yepakati, anokura kusvika 45 masendimita pakureba. Pakupedzisira, mhando yeFreesia inonzi Bordeaux inoratidzwa: iyo mapeti ayo akasviba zvakanyanya uye ane nzvimbo yero yakapenya, pamwe nekubata kwechiedza chena padyo nepakati. Ruvara runoita kuti chirimwa ichi chinakidze uye chinotaridzika zvakanaka kana chakadyarwa pedyo nemiti michena kana yakareruka, kusanganisira mamwe mafreesias.
Kana iwe waifarira chinyorwa ichi pane Sei Freesias uye Kuchengeta kwavo, tinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge zvimwe zvinyorwa zvine misoro yekufarira mune anotevera malink:
- Zvidyarwa Zvegore
- Hyacinths
- Chii chokudyara muna March