Pamwe hausati wanzwa temu iyi. ecosphere, asi tinokuvimbisai kuti ipfungwa iyo vanhu vakawanda vakangwara vakafunga nezvayo uye vari kushanda pairi pamwero wepasi rose. Ipfungwa inotoshanda kutsvaga mapuraneti anogarika. Tinokukumbira kuti uverenge zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi.
Chii chinonzi ecosphere uye chii chinogadzirisa?
Pfungwa ye ecosphere ndeye holistic, izvo zvinoreva kuti inosanganisira akati wandei ezvinyorwa seti kana hwerengedzo, nenzira yayo pachayo. Kana, kune rumwe rutivi, ecosystem ine yuniti mukati mayo, sezvo iri hurongwa hwakagadzirwa nemasikirwo, hunoumbwa nezvisikwa zvipenyu uye nharaunda yepanyama, pakati payo yavanopindirana, iyo inogara inova kongiri unit, iyo inogona kuve yechokwadi neiyo biological uye yenyama zvinhu zvinowanikwa munzvimbo yayo.
The ecosphere, zvisinei, izwi rine hukama ne Hunhu hweEcosystem, asi kuinzwisisa kubva pakuona kwese, kunonzi planetary ecosystem, uye inoumbwa nemhepo, geosphere, hydrosphere uye biosphere, yakabatana nemhepo. Kukosha Kwezvakasiyana-siyana Zvipenyu. Imwe pfungwa yakabatana nepfungwa iyi ndeye exosphere, iyo yakatsanangurwa senzvimbo pakati pemapuraneti, kunze kwemhepo.
Ecosystems uye biomes
Iyi yakakura ecosystem padanho repuraneti inogona kukamurwa kuita ecosystems yehukuru hudiki, saka zvichave nyore kuzvidzidza, uye mukati mazvo zvinogoneka kuti tiwane huwandu hwezvakasarudzika izvo ndezvavo uye izvo zvinoita kuti zvisaenzaniswa. , kunyangwe zvisingaregi kuve chikamu chepamusoro yuniti kana mubatanidzwa, iyo inonzi biomes uye inogona kuva yepasi kana yemvura.
Biome ishoko ratinoshandisa kutsanangura boka rezvipenyu zvakakura, kureva kuti, hombe kupfuura dziva kana sango. Iyi ndiyo nyaya yezvatinoziva semakungwa makuru kana pelagic nzvimbo, savannas, masango, estuaries kana machakwi, ayo ane mamwe anonyanya kuzivikanwa biomes nhasi.
Asi, zvisinei nekuti vanhu vanokwanisa kupatsanura nekupatsanura zvipenyu kuti vaedze kunzwisisa mashandiro avanoita uye kuti vakwanise kuzvinzwisisa nenzira yakakwana, kuti vakwanise kuzvishandisa nemazvo uye nekugona kubatsira kune yavo. kuchengetedza, pane chokwadi chiri pachena, uye ndechekuti chisikwa chinoumba chizere uye, ichi ichokwadi, zvekuti tinogona kugara tichiwana hukama hwakakwana, hunogara uye husingadzivisiki pakati pezvinhu zvawo zvese, zvinova ndizvo chaizvo zvatinodaidza. ecosphere.
iyo ecosystem yepasi rose
Zvikanzi neiyi nzira, iyo ecosphere inogona kutariswa sepasirese ecosystem umo zvipenyu zvinodyidzana zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga. Isu tinogona kuisa, semuenzaniso, iyo yezvipenyu zvinoitisa photosynthesis uye nekudaro zvinokwanisa kuburitsa okisijeni mumhepo uye izvi, zvakare, zvinoshandiswa nezvimwe zvipenyu kana, zviri nyore, kupindira mu hydrological cycle, inova maitiro. izvo zvinoita kuti mvura ifambe mumakungwa, nyika nedenga, uye izvo zvinoumba chiitiko chakakosha kune hupenyu chinoitika pachiyero chepuraneti.
Ndicho chikonzero nei zvichinzi nekutarisira pasi, tiri kuzvitarisira isu sezvisikwa, nokuti, pakupera kwezuva, nyika ino ndiyo imba yedu chete.
NASA's Ecosphere: Nyika Yakakwana
Ecosphere inonziwo kuyedza kunozivikanwa kwakaitwa nemasaenzi eNASA, zvichibva pabvunzo dzekutanga dzesainzi Joe Hanson naClaire Folsone, umo kuvakwa kweecosystems yakashandurirwa mukirasi kwakaitirwa.
Mukati megirazi zai, mvura yegungwa, gorgonians, algae, mabhakitiriya, matombo uye shrimp zvakaiswa se substrate yenzvimbo yegungwa. Izvi zvaiitirwa kuona kuti kudyidzana kwavo kwebhayoloji kwaiitwa sei, nenzira yakasarudzika, nekuti mudziyo wainge wakavharwa, kunyangwe wakaramba uchiwana chiedza kuitira kuti biological cycle ichengetedzwe.
Yakanga ichionekwa senyika yakakwana, nokuti shrimp yaizorarama kwemakore akawanda, nekuda kwekuratidza kuzvimiririra kwezvakatipoteredza, uyewo kuti pakanga pasina kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, ndicho chikonzero kuchenesa nekugadzirisa zvakanga zvisingadiwi. .kwasara kupera.
Ichi chiitiko chinonakidza chekuedza kunzwisisa kuti, chero bedzi chiyero chichichengetwa, icho munyaya iyi chinosanganisira kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadai sechiedza uye tembiricha yakagadzikana, iyo yose system inokwanisa kurarama mukuwirirana.
Ndiko kuti, zvinokwanisika kuita kuenzanisa nezviri kuitika kupasi redu, kuti tinzwisise uye tizive kuti mamiriro chaiwo anodiwa kuti awane, kuchengetedza uye kusapambadza chiyero chezvakatipoteredza.
Naizvozvo, tinogona kugumisa kuti, kunyange zvazvo pasi redu riri chisiko chamhoteredzwa chine kuoma kwakawanda, kutenderera kunoda upenyu kunoitikawo neimwe nzira uye pane zvinhu zvinokosha zvinobatanidzwa, zvakadai sechiedza chomusikirwo, upenyu, nyika, mvura. nemhepo. Vamwe vanopesvedzera vamwe, vachigadzira kudyidzana kunogadzira mamiriro anogona kurongeka kana kusagadzikana.