The chechikadzi gypsophila Inomiririrwa muzvisikwa nemamwe marudzi 335 kubva kuEurope neAsia. Kuva mhando dzinozivikanwa zvikuru Gypsophila paniculata, inowanzonzi Bridal Veil Plant. Icho chirimwa chakanaka chekushandiswa kwekushongedza chinosiyaniswa nemaruva ayo machena, akarongedzerwa muchimiro cheshowy bouquets. Ndinokukoka kuti usangane naye.
Bridal Veil Plant
Ichi chirimwa cheEuropean neAsia mavambo, chine herbaceous uye chisingaperi chakarimwa nekuda kwekunaka kwemaruva ayo machena nemashizha, mune florists nemagadheni. Mune florists kuzadzisa maruva kuronga uye bouquets, inowanzonzi "gore, bridal veil, gisófila".
Zita rayo resainzi ndi Gysophila paniculata uye ndeyemhuri yebotanical Caryophyllaceae, mairi akatenderedza 335 marudzi akaiswa mumhando yeGysophila, iri iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mhuka. Gysophila paniculata. Iyo inomira kunze kwerustic kutaridzika kwehunde yayo uye mashizha uye inflorescence yayo yakanaka ine akawanda madiki maruva machena anopa kutetepa uye kutsva kutaridzika.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mhando iyi G. paniculata Mamwe marudzi gumi nemaviri akatsanangurwa, aine hunhu hwekuve shrub chirimwa chine avhareji saizi pakati pe 0,50 ne 1,20 metres pakureba, zvichienderana nemhando. Vanonyanya kutsvakwa kuti vazadze bridal bouquets nekuda kwehurefu uye hwakasimba hunde dzakatetepa dzinovabvumira kubatwa uye kune avo panicle-type inflorescences apo maruva avo maduku uye akanaka machena anozvarwa, kunyange neine zvishoma pinkish toni.
Tsanangudzo yeMorphological
Icho chirimwa chinokura segwenzi; ine racemose inflorescence (ine akati wandei racemes) inogamuchira zita rekutya, mumijaho iyi inokura maruva madiki pentapetalous, pakati pe3 kusvika 10 millimita muhupamhi; iyo lanceolate uye glaucous inenge 7 centimita kureba; dzinde rakasimba, rine huni rine matavi ari pedyo; Mudzi waro mukuru wakadzika uye midzi yechipiri yakareba mamita 1 kusvika ku2 uye ine dhayamita yemamirimita matatu.
Maruva ako
Maruva echirimwa ichi akaita kuti ave mukundi weimwe yemazita ayo akajairika bridal chifukidziro, nekuti ivo vanokura mu racemose inflorescence, inoratidzika semabouquets, aya madiki muhukuru uye mavara emhando kubva kuchena kusvika kupingi yakacheneruka zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana. . Maruva ega kana maviri akaonekwa zvichienderana nekusiyana kwe G. paniculata.
Kutumbuka kwechirimwa ichi kunoitika mumwaka wezhizha mumwedzi yaChikumi kusvika Nyamavhuvhu. Munguva yekuparadzira kwayo kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemaruva, kuratidzwa kwayo kuchiedza kunowedzera nemaitiro ephotoperiod uye kuwedzera tembiricha, kuwana kugadzirwa kwemaruva gore rose.
Kugovera mune zvakasikwa
Muchisikigo inokura musango mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeEastern Europe neCentral Asia, inogadzirisa kune loamy-sandy uye ivhu rematombo rine zvishoma kuchengetedza unyoro; inokura zvakanaka muvhu rine acidic zvishoma uye limestone pH, hunhu hunosiyanisa zvirimwa zverudzi urwu uye chikonzero chezita rejenasi. gypsophila (iyo inoratidza kuenderana kwayo kwakanaka kune ivhu rine matombo rine huvepo hwepamusoro hwegypsum).
plant taxonomy
Chirimwa ichi ndechemhuri yebotanical Caryophyllaceae, imhando yeGenus gypsophila, zita rayo resainzi ndi Gypsophila paniculata, yakatanga kurondedzerwa naCarlo Linnaeus muna 1753, uye yakabudiswa muSpecies Plantarum 1:407. 1753.67.
Synonym yechirimwa
Vakawanda vetaxonomists vakatsanangura zvienzaniso zvechirimwa ichi uye vakachipa mamwe mazita esainzi, ayo muzvidzidzo zvakatevera akachishandura kuzita razvino resainzi uye nekuda kweizvi ane Synonymy inotevera.
- arrostia paniculata
- Gypsophila effusa Tausch
- Hungarian gypsophila Borbas
- Gypsophila maningii
- Gypsophila paniculata adenopoda Borbas ex Hallier
- Gypsophila parviflora Moench
- gypsophila tatarica
- Lychnis procera
- saponaria paniculata (L.) H. Neumayer
Zvishandiso zvemuti
Kunyangwe kugovaniswa kwayo kwechisikigo kuri munyika dzeEastern Europe neCentral Asia, yakaunzwa kune dzimwe nyika sechirimwa chekushongedza chemapindu uye florists. MuPeru ndeimwe yemiti inogadzirwa uye inotengeswa kunze kwenyika inorimwa nokuda kwemaruva ayo. Anoshandiswa pakushongedza muchato, achiashandisa semarongedzero emaruva evaroora uye kumwe kurongwa kwemaruva.
Mamiriro ezvinhu ezvakatipoteredza
- Iwo zvirimwa zvinokura zvakanaka paavhareji tembiricha yemhoteredzo iri pakati pe15 kusvika 17 °C, zvichichinjika zvakanaka kunzvimbo dzine tembiricha huru iri pakati pe20 kusvika 25 °C masikati uye tembiricha shoma ye10 kusvika 15 °C usiku. Inopinda muhubernation apo tembiricha inodzika kusvika ku0 kusvika 2°C.
- Bridal veil plants inokura zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine hunyoro huri pakati pe60 kusvika 80%
- Nekuti chirimwa chinowanikwa kunzvimbo dziri munzvimbo dzine mwero uko chinotumbuka mumwaka wechirimo, physiologically chinoda mazuva marefu kuti chitumbuke. Kuda pakati pe12 kusvika kumaawa gumi nemasere echiedza chezuva kuitira kuumbwa kwakanaka kwemaruva. Kana tembiricha iri pakati pe18°C masikati uye 15°C usiku, kubudiswa kwemaruva ayo kunowedzera.
- Kana iri kuparadzirwa mumagreenhouses, kurapwa kwephotoperiod kunofanira kuitwa kuburitsa maruva, kuisa chiedza chekugadzira pamusoro pezvese kukwezva uye kutanga kutumbuka kwezvirimwa, sezvo iri nguva inonyanya kukosha maererano nechiedza uye tembiricha mamiriro. Vanamukoti vanowanzoisa maawa akawanda echiedza kubva pavhiki yechitatu kana yechina mushure mekudyara.
- Zvirimwa Gypsophila paniculata Inofarira ivhu rine acidic zvishoma rine pH iri pakati pe6,5 kusvika 7,5 ine huwandu hwakanyanya hwekuora kweorganic matter. Loamy textured ivhu, yakadzika uye ine porous, yakanyungudutswa zvakanaka. Iwo zvirimwa zvinonzwa nemunyu.
Kuberekesa uye Kuparadzira
Miti iyi inogadzirwa zvakare neyakagurwa pakukura pakati pe7,5 kusvika 10 centimita, inotorwa kubva kuchirimwa chaamai, chine mapeya matatu emashizha uye inotorwa chirimwa ichimera. Aya makucheka anodyarwa mujecha substrates kuitira kuti atore midzi, panguva iyi kudiridza nebulized kunoshandiswa kuchengetedza hunyoro hwehukama.
Miti yacho inodzika midzi mukati memazuva makumi maviri nematatu kusvika makumi maviri nematanhatu, kana iwe uchida kukurumidza kudzika midzi yekucheka, kushandiswa kwemahomoni emidzi kunokurudzirwa, senge indole-butyric acid inozivikanwa neacronym IBA. Zvakare zvirimwa izvi zvinogona kudzokororwa nekubatanidza.
Zvinokurudzirwa kuparadzira nekubatanidza zvirimwa izvi, kuve nechirimwa chaamai chemakore maviri ekuzvarwa. Gypsophila paniculata. Mhando dze "Brstol Fairy kana Flamingo" dzinowanzo kuparadzirwa nekubatanidza, kucheka kwevechidiki kwezvirimwa izvi kunosarudzwa uye kubatanidzwa pachirimwa chaamai, aya makucheka anokurudzirwa kuti ave nehurefu hwemasendimita 2,5, anogona kunge ari marudzi aya kana mamwe akafanana. Nekubatanidza zvinokurudzirwa kuisa ivhu rakagadzirirwa.
Kana iwe uri kuparadzira nekubatanidza mumamiriro ekunze anodziya, zvinokurudzirwa kuita maitiro ekubatanidza pakutanga kwemwaka wechirimo, nhovo kana bark type graft inogona kuitwa. Kana iri pasi pemamiriro egreenhouse uye greenhouse-yakakura rootstocks inoshandiswa, kubatanidza kunogona kuitwa mukupera kwechando. Kukurudzira kuporesa, zvinokurudzirwa kuisa zvirimwa muimba inotonhora, kunyanya iyo yakabatanidzwa muzhizha. Kuparidzirwa ne in vitro tsika inoitwawo kune zvidyarwa zvemarudzi gypsophila paniculata.
kutarisira zvirimwa Gypsophila paniculata
Inotanga nekugadzirira kwevhu rekudyara, kuchenesa zvakasara zvakasimwa kare nemasora. Inoiswa fetereza isati yadyarwa kuti iwane kudya kuvhu kunozoshandiswa nembesa kana dzamera, fetereza yacho inobva pane zvinotaridzwa pakuongorora ivhu kwakamboitwa.
Iwo akavakwa muzvirongwa zvemigero kana mabhenji ekudyara kubva pahupamhi hwemamita 0,9 kusvika kune imwe, nekuparadzanisa pakati pavo 0,5 kusvika 0,6 m uye kureba kwemamita 0,25. Zvadaro matanda kana kucheka kwezvirimwa zvinoiswa zviri nani mu trebolillo, ine chinhambwe pakati pematanho emamita 0,4 pakati peimwe neimwe.
Munenge masvondo manomwe kana masere mushure mekudyara, zvinomera zvinosvika 7 kusvika 8 centimita kureba, zvirimwa zvakachekwa, uku kuchekwa kwepamusoro pehunde 15-20 centimita kureba, kukurudzira kukura rutivi. Kucheka kunoitwa pakati pemavhiki maviri kusvika ku2 ekuputira, izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa nhungirwa dzakatetepa dzechipiri uye dzepamusoro madzinde, kusimbisa dzinde dzakasimba kune kubereka kwematavi.
Kuitira kuvimbisa kuti zvirimwa zvine hunde dzakatwasuka, varairidzi vanoiswa, nekuda kweizvi vanoisa mesh kutenderedza zvirimwa kuti vatungamire kukura kwavo kwakamira. Mushonga weHormonal negibberalin unoiswa pachirimwa ichi kuti madzinde acho arebe.Kurapa uku kunoitwa kana rozi rinenge rave nemashizha anosvika makumi maviri uye pamatinji akadimburwa anoyera masendimita matatu.
Kuchekerera kwemuti kunoitwa kukurudzira maruva matsva, izvi zvinoitwa mushure mekukohwa kwemaruva. Fertilization inoitwa mukati menguva yese yekukura, kubva pasvondo repiri rekudyara kusvika maruva achivhurwa. Chirimwa chinodiridzwa nedrip, sezvo chirimwa chinonzwa kuvhu rakazara nemvura.
Denda uye Zvirwere zvinoibata
Izvi zvinomera zvinotapukirwa nekurwiswa kwezvipembenene kana maitiro ekurima akasaitwa nemazvo, sekugadzirira ivhu kubvisa zvipembenene zvevhu, masora akasara, hunyoro hwevhu, nezvimwe. Zvipembenene zvinokanganisa zvirimwa zvevhairi remuroora izvi zvakarongwa pazasi.
Zvipembenene
- mucheri wemashizha (Liriomyza trifolii)
- White fly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)
- Airworms (Heliothis amiguera, Spodoptera) nevamwe
- Tsvuku tsvuku (Tetranychus urticae)
- Nzendo (Frankliniella occidentalis)
- Nguruve
Zvirwere
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nefungi, mabhakitiriya uye mavhairasi anoitika nekuda kwemaitiro asina kunaka etsika, kushata kwemamiriro ekunze, zviitiko zvezvipembenene zvakaita semaaphid ari mavhairasi, tembiricha uye hunyoro, pakati pezvimwe. Zvirwere zvinogona kuitika zvinosanganisira:
- Rhizoctonia solani
- Oidium (erysiphae)
- Phytophthora
- Pythium aphanadermatum y Pythium urimun
- fusarium
- erwinia herbicola
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvezvirimwa, ndinokukoka iwe kuti uverengewo.