Cyclamen inomera inotumbuka, iyo inoratidzirwa kuva imwe yeanonzi maruva echando, nekuda kwenharaunda iyo inokura. Mukuwedzera, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukushongedza kwemamiriro akasiyana-siyana kana kurimwa mudzimba dziri pedyo negungwa. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve chirimwa ichi, tinokukoka iwe kuti uenderere mberi nekuverenga chinyorwa ichi.
Cyclamen
Icho chirimwa chine maruva akanaka kwazvo e-tuberous ePrimulaceae, ayo anowanikwa kunzvimbo dzemasango eMediterranean uye anogona kuwanikwa musango pasi pemiti. Inogonawo kutaurwa kuti ndeimwe yemiti mishoma inotumbuka inotumbuka mumwedzi inotonhora. Izvi zvinoita kuti ikosheswe zvikuru munyika yekurima seruva rekushongedza kune greenhouses. Nguva yechando cyclamen maruva anogona kuchengetwa kwemwedzi inoverengeka nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera, ari nyore kukura, muvhu uye muhari, uye anosarudza nzvimbo dzine mumvuri.
maruva maitiro
Sezvingaonekwa mundima yapfuura, hunhu hukuru hwe cyclamen ndehwekuti muti wakaita tuber. Kureva kuti, haigadziri chikamu chine huni nekuti ine tuber inova dzinde rayo repasi pevhu, apo chirimwa chinounganidza zvicherwa zvaro zvese. Hupenyu hwekutenderera kwechirimwa checyclamen hunosanganisira dormancy munzvimbo dzinopisa, dzakaoma. Anodzokera kubasa nekudonha kwetembiricha uye kutanga kwemvura.
Haisi yegore negore uye inogona kugara kwemakore akawanda nekutarisira kwakakodzera uye mamiriro. Kugadzirwa kwechirimwa chekutengesa kunoitwa gore rose, iri nguva yayo yakanaka panguva yekutonhora kana yechando. Chirimwa ichi chinogona kusvika pahurefu hwemasendimita makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana. Asi kazhinji vanogara pasi pehurefu uhwu, ndosaka vachinzi zvirimwa zvidiki. Maitiro ezvimedu zvaro ndeaya anotevera:
Chekutanga, ine hunde yepasi muchimiro chegobvu tuber, yakasviba muvara, yakatenderera uye yakatsetseka. Kune rumwe rutivi, mashizha anogara akasvibira, anonaka, ane moyo-akaumbwa ane hunhu refu petiole. Iwo akadzika rima rakasvibira ane makwapa esirivha. Chimwe chivakwa chine hukama nemaruva pachawo, ayo ari hermaphroditic ane mashanu wavy petals, ane velvety chimiro uye anogona kuve nemavara akasiyana, chena, pink, magenta uye tsvuku. Kutumbuka kunoitika pakati pematsutso nechirimo. Pakupedzisira, michero ma capsules anotora mwedzi mishanu kuti akure.
Cyclamen kutarisira uye kurima
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kukura maruva aya emiti hakusi kwakaoma. Unogona kuisa imwe nhamburiko mukuita kuti dzitumbuke zvakare. Kunyange zvazvo chirimwa chemusango chinogona kurarama kwemakore 4-5 uye chinotumbuka nguva dzose gore negore uye chinopa maruva akawanda uye akawanda mumwaka wechando. Pakurima, zvinofarirwa kutora chirimwa chine maruva akawanda buds uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mashizha ayo ane nyama uye ane hutano. Zvakare, cyclamen inogona kubereka nekudyara mbeu kana kupatsanura tuber. Kana iwe uchida imwe dhizaini, zviri nani kuzviita uchishandisa yazvino hunyanzvi.
Kuti tinzwisise zvishoma kurimwa nembeu, tinogona kutaura kuti inoitwa muzhizha, tichitarisira kugovera ivo zvakaenzana sezvinobvira mumitsara yakafanana se substrate kwavari. Pamusana pehukuru hukuru hwembeu, dzinofanirwa kusundwa zvinyoro pasi pe substrate nechidimbu chehuni. Uye zvakare, kudiridza kwekutanga kunofanirwa kudzikisa yakakura-spectrum fungicide mumvura senzira yekudzivirira kurwisa fungi.
Zvakare, mubhedha wembeu, waimbove wakafukidzwa nemapepa epurasitiki akajeka, unofanira kuiswa munzvimbo ine mumvuri uye yakanyorova ine tembiricha inenge 20 ° C. Inenge mwedzi umwe, mbeu dzichamera, ipapo chivharo chepurasitiki chinobviswa uye zvishoma nezvishoma kutonhora. Kuwedzera, chiedza chemupiro kuchirimwa uye tembiricha inodonha kusvika 18 ° C nemhepo yakanaka. Apo zvirimwa zvitsva zvakakura zvakakwana uye zvinogona kubatwa nyore nyore, zvinogona kuchinjwa, kunyatsochenjerera kuti zvisakuvadza tuber yemiti, kana chero chikamu chayo.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kutsanangura zvishoma nezve kupatsanurwa kwe tuber, zvinogona kusimbiswa kuti chinhu ichi chemuti chakakomberedzwa uye chakapfava, mashizha nemaruva zvinobuda kubva pairi kumusoro chaiko mune concave chimiro, uye midzi inobuda. kubva pasi pe convex. Zvakare, sezvinozivikanwa, inogona kupatsanurwa kuti ibereke nekuicheka nebanga rakapinza, rakamboita disinfected. Pakuchekerera, kuchenjerera kunofanira kutorwa kuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine mabuds maviri. Inowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoiswa muhari dzega.
Nzvimbo
Sarudzo yesaiti ndiyo kiyi yekurima kunobudirira, iyo inofanirwa kunge iri kutonhora pasi pe15 ° C. Mukuwedzera, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti inovhenekera zvakakwana, asi kwete muzuva rakananga. Kutevera pfungwa imwe chete, zvinokurudzirwa kuvhara mukamuri uye kudzima kupisa nguva nenguva. Vagari venharaunda umo chando chisina kunyanya kuoma vanokurudzirwa kuvaendesa kunze, pasi pechando uye kuratidzwa nemhepo inotonhora usiku.
Kudiridza
Zvichienderana nenguva yegore, nzira yakasiyana inofanira kuitwa. Pakati pematsutso nechando, pakarepo panotanga kubuda buds, inofanira kudiridzwa kuitira kuti substrate ichengetedze yakanyorova, isina puddles. Nzira iri nyore ndeyekuisa mvura mupoto pazasi pepoto kuti chirimwa chikwanise kuitora kwemaminetsi makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu, wozorega mvura yakawandisa ichidonha. Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchichenjerera kuti simiti haina kunyanya kunyorova, sezvo izvi zvinogona kuita kuti tuber iore.
Kune rumwe rutivi, mumwedzi yechando, inofanira kuonekwa kuti basa rezvinomera rinotanga kuderera kusvika pakusvika kwezhizha, apo rinomira zvachose muzhizha. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kudiridza kunofanira kuitwa nguva dzose, kutarisa kuwandisa kwemvura. Iko kare muzhizha, apo mashizha anooma uye abviswa, pamwe nemuti wacho unotamirwa kunzvimbo inotonhorera ine shaded, kudiridza kunofanira kuva nguva dzose, asi chete pedyo ne tuber. Iyi pfungwa inokosha, hazvidikanwi kunyorovesa chirimwa, kunyanya chikamu chepakati. Nekuti huwandu hwemvura hunogona kugadzira mold kana fungus.
Substrate yeCyclamen
Muchikamu chino, zvinokurudzirwa kuti substrate yakakodzera ivhu rakachena uye rakanyoroveswa rine pH ye 6. Musanganiswa we peat, perlite uye kokonati moss yakakodzera. Musanganiswa uyu unoguma nekukura kwepakati, izvo zvinopa chirimwa chine substrate ine zvinhu izvo zvakasikwa zvine zvinoshanda zvipenyu zvikamu, izvo zvinobatsira chirimwa kuti chirambe chisina chirwere, pamwe nekukurudzira kukura kune hutano.
Kuchekerera
Muchokwadi, iyo cyclamen haina kudimburwa. Chingave chine chekuita nebasa iri inyaya yekuti mashizha ebasal ari kuoma anofanira kuchekwa obviswa. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuti vasakonzerese zvirwere nekuda kwemaparasite, fungi kana mabhakitiriya. Maturusi ekucheka anofanirwa kugara aiswa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona pachine nguva kudzivirira hutachiona hunogona kuitika. Mukuwedzera, inowanikwa kuti maruva anotora nguva yakareba kana mashizha akaoma uye maruva akabviswa zvachose pakarepo paanopinzwa mubhubhu. Kana pane kukuvadzwa kwemashizha kana petioles, inofanira kubviswa uye maronda anobatwa newax yakakodzera inowanikwa mukireshi.
Pasa
Kune rimwe divi, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mazuva gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu ega ega zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa fetireza yemvura kune cyclamen. Uyezve, izvi zvinofanira kusanganiswa nemvura yekudiridza. Zvakare, fetereza yemvura inofanirwa kunge iine huwandu hwepamusoro hwe potassium munguva yekutumbuka kuitira kuwedzera maruva. Nenzira imwecheteyo, zvinokurudzirwa kuti panguva yekukura kwayo huwandu hwe nitrogen hunofanira kuwedzera zvishoma kuti uvandudze simba rezvikamu zvakasvibirira.
Mhando dzeCyclamen
Imwe yemisoro inomutsa kufarira zvakanyanya muchirimwa chemaruva ruzivo rwemhando dzayo dzakasiyana, idzo nyanzvi dzakaronga pakati pemhando makumi maviri, dzakaiswa mumapoka mana, ane zvinhu zvakafanana, senge maitiro emashizha awo, maruva uye kusanganisira. tuber pachayo. Kunyange zvakadaro, dzinosiyana pane zvimwe zvinhu. Nokudaro, munyaya ino tichaongorora zvitatu zvemhando idzi. Kuti tiite izvi, isu tichatsanangura iyo inonyanya kukosha hunhu hweumwe neumwe wavo.
Cyclamen persicum
Inonzi cyclamen kana Persian kana Alpine violet, ikirasi yemhuri iyi yemaruva anowanikwa kumatunhu ePersia, Turkey, Syria, Israel, Jordan uye kunyange Alps yeEurope. Iyo pachayo, ndiyo imwe yemhando dzakapararira uye ine nhamba huru yemhando. Parizvino ndiyo imwe yemiti inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukushongedza kwemagadheni uye mukati. Iine rima, rakati sandara tuber kubva kunobva petioles nemaruva madzinde anokura. Mashizha ayo anodurura muzhizha akaita semoyo, akasvibira yakadzika kumusoro uye akatsvuka pazasi.
Cyclamen Purpurascens
Icho chirimwa chinomuka munzvimbo dzemakomo dzepakati uye kumaodzanyemba kwekondinendi yekare. Nekuda kwekwakabva, inozivikanwawo seEuropean cyclamen, iyo ine globular tubercle, midzi uye involuntary nhungirwa, iyo inozoita basa rekugadzira chikamu chemhepo chechirimwa. Mashizha acho ari basal, petiolate uye ane moyo. Kufanana neyakapfuura, chikamu chepasi chine tsvuku uye chepamusoro chakasvibira. Mukuwedzera, ine maruva anonhuhwirira, ega anotsigirwa nemakumbo akareba kwazvo. Sechokwadi chinonakidza, chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumishonga kune yayo homeopathic properties.
Cyclamen balearicum
Icho chirimwa chine tuberous chinoratidzwa ne tuber kusvika 3 cm muhupamhi, spherical, yakatsetseka uye ine midzi inobva pachigadziko. Uyewo, imhuka inoramba yakasvibira gore rose. Mashizha anogona kunge ane maitiro akafanana neaya apfuura, kureva kuti, ane nyama, anopenya uye ane petiole kusvika 12 cm kureba. Maruva ayo machena kana epingi anopa kunhuhwirira uye ane calyx inosvika 5 cm uye oval-lanceolate shape. Muchero wacho uri muspherical capsules. Zvechokwadi, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti ine chepfu zvikuru. Nekudaro, yakashandiswa senge laxative.
Kana iwe waifarira chinyorwa ichi cheCyclamen Care yekutumbuka zvirinani uye uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezve dzimwe nyaya dzinonakidza, unogona kudzokorora zvinotevera zvinongedzo.