Iyo nyaya yekoloni yakarasika yeRoanoke ndeimwe yezvakavanzika uye zvinokatyamadza zvakanyanya munhoroondo yekutanga yeAmerica. Muna 1587, boka revagari veChirungu rinotungamirwa naJohn White rakagadzira koloni paRoanoke Island, iri mune yave kunzi North Carolina. Zvisinei, White paakadzoka kubva kuEngland muna 1590, akawana koloni yasiyiwa, pasina zviratidzo zvekurwa kana tsanangudzo yakajeka. Chinhu chimwe chete chavakasiya shure kwaiva mazwi akavezwa padanda: "Croatoan" uye "Cro" pamuti uri pedyo.
Iri shoko risinganzwisisiki rakavhiringidza vanyori vezvakaitika kare uye vanochera matongo kwemazana emakore. Naizvozvo, mumitsetse mishoma inotevera tinokupa iwe budiriro yakakura pa The Croatoan Mystery uye Yakarasika Colony yeRoanoke: A Historical Enigma kuti uchada kuziva.
Mamiriro enhoroondo: Roanoke uye yekutanga colonization kuedza
Nhoroondo yeRoanoke yakatanga muna 1585 apo Sir Walter Raleigh akatumira rwendo kuRoanoke Island, iri kumahombekombe ekuMabvazuva kweyava kunzi United States. Vagari vakatarisana nematambudziko akawanda, kusanganisira kusawirirana nevagari veko uye kushomeka kwezvinhu. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akava asina kugadzikana, uye vapambi vakakumbira rubatsiro kuEngland.
Muna 1587, John White akatungamira rwendo rwechipiri kuenda kuRoanoke aine tarisiro yekumisikidza koloni.. Pakati pevakagara paiva nevakadzi nevana, vachicherechedza kekutanga kuti kuedza kwakaitwa kumisa koloni yekusingaperi muNyika Itsva nemhuri dzakakwana. Zvisinei, mamiriro acho ezvinhu akakurumidza kuipa, uye White akadzokera kuEngland kunotsvaka zvinhu zvinokosha.
Kudzoka kwaJohn White uye kuwanikwa kunoparadza
White akadzokera kuRoanoke muna 1590, asi zvaakawana zvakamusiya avhiringidzika uye achishungurudzika. Koroni iyi yakanga yanyangarika pasina chainoziva. Pakanga pasina zviratidzo zvekurwa uye pasina zviratidzo zvakajeka zvekuti vangave vaenda kune vagari vemo. Chinhu chimwe chete chaakawana aive zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisike: "Croatoan" uye "Cro" yakavezwa padanda nemuti.
Kushaikwa kwemashoko uye kukasika kuwana mhinduro kwakaita kuti White aronge rwendo rwokuenda kuchitsuwa cheCroatoan, icho chaigarwa nedzinza rechizvarwa chezita iroro. Nekudaro, nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi, rwendo urwu haruna kumbosvika kwayaienda, ichisiya chakavanzika chisina kugadziriswa.
Dzidziso uye fungidziro: vagari veRoanoke vakaenda kupi?
Kwemakore, nyanzvi dzakagadzira dzidziso dzakasiyana siyana kuti dziburitse zvisinganzwisisike magumo evagari veRoanoke, asi hapana akakwanisa kupa mhinduro yechokwadi kune iyi nhoroondo yenyaya.
Imwe yedzidziso inobvumwa zvikurusa inokarakadza kuti vagari vemo vakabatanidzwa nedzinza reCroatoan mukutsvaka betsero nedziviriro.. Kunyorwa kwezwi rekuti "Croatoan" pane imwe post, maererano nedzidziso iyi, yaigona kunge yakasiiwa nemaune sechinongedzo, zvichiratidza kwakananga kwakanangana nevagari vachitsvaga pekugara uye rutsigiro.
Imwe mutsara wekufungidzira unoratidza mukana wekuti vakoloni vakatora rwendo rwune njodzi mukati menyika vachiedza kumisa koloni itsva. Zvakadaro, kuomerwa nemhoteredzo uye ruvengo rungangoitika rwevagari veko veko vangadai vakatungamira mukunyangarika kwayo munzvimbo isingazivikanwe.
Dzidziso idzi, kunyangwe dzichinakidza, dzinoburitsa kuomarara kweiyo Roanoke enigma, ichiratidza kushomeka kwehumbowo hwekupedzisira hunogona kutsigira tsananguro yechokwadi yeramangwana revagari ava.
Croatoan Cultural Kukosha
Izwi rekuti "Croatoan" harisi chete chinhu chakakosha mune chakavanzika cheRoanoke, asi zvakare chine kukosha kwetsika munhoroondo yemadzinza edunhu. VaCroatoan vakanga vari dzinza rine ushamwari uye mubetseri wavagari vechiNgezi, uye ukama hwavo hungave hwakapesvedzera chisarudzo chavatami kutsvaka utiziro pakati pavo.
Mukutsvagisa kwazvino, vanochera matongo uye vanoongorora nezve anthropologist vakaongorora nzvimbo dziri paHatteras Island uye dzakatenderedza, imba yekare yerudzi rweCroatoan, vachitsvaga humbowo hunogona kujekesa magumo ekupedzisira evagari veRoanoke.
Tsvakurudzo yazvino
Kuwanikwa kwekuchera matongo paRoanoke Island
Parizvino, nhevedzano yemapurojekiti ekutsvagisa akatangwa ane chinangwa chekugadzirisa chakavanzika chakaoma kunzwisisa cheCroatoan. Sezvatakataura munguva pfupi yapfuura, Kuongorora kwakawanda kwekuchera matongo uye anthropological kwakaitwa paHatteras Island nenzvimbo dzayo.
Basa rakaoma remumunda rinoitwa munzvimbo iyi rinozoburitsa mwenje mutsva pane chakavanzika chekoroni yakarasika yeRoanoke. Zvikwata zvenyanzvi zviri kuongorora dunhu zvine hungwaru, vachishandisa matekinoroji epamberi uye nzira dzechizvino-zvino dzekuchera kuburitsa nzira dzekuvapo kwevanogara. Kuedza uku kunonangana nenzvimbo chaidzo idzo dzingadai dzakaona kudyidzana pakati pevagari vemo nerudzi rweCroatoan. Vanochera matongo vanotsvaga zviwanikwa, zvimiro kana humbowo hupi hungapa humbowo hwakakosha pamusoro pekupedzisira kweaya mapiyona eNyika Itsva.
Nekuchera kutsva kwega kwega, tariro inokura kuti iburitse enigma yemazana emakore yakapoteredza koloni yakarasika uye inopa mhinduro dzakanzvenga zvizvarwa zvakapfuura zvevaongorori.
Chakavanzika chisingaperi
Pasinei nekuenderera mberi nekuedza kuburitsa chokwadi kuseri kwekoloni yakarasika yeRoanoke uye izwi rekuti "Croatoan," chakavanzika chinoenderera. Kushaikwa kwehumbowo hwakakwana uye kusavapo kwezvinyorwa zvenhoroondo zvine hudzamu zvakasiya chikamu ichi sechimwe chezvakavanzika zvenhoroondo yekutanga yeAmerica.
Nhaka yekoloni yakarasika yeRoanoke uye izwi rekuti "Croatoan" rinoramba richitora fungidziro yeavo vanofadzwa nezvakavanzika zvenhoroondo. Sezvo tsvakurudzo yezvinocherwa mumatongo uye ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu zvinofambira mberi, pane tariro yokuti rimwe zuva chokwadi chiri seri kweichi chikanganiso chisina kugadziriswa chinogona kuwanikwa. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, chakavanzika cheCroatoan chinoramba chiri chiyeuchidzo chezvakawanda zvatisati taziva nezvekare uye nyaya dzakamirira kuziviswa.
Parizvino, uye apo kuferefetwa kuchiri kufambira mberi, Isu tinongofanira kugashira chakavanzika cheCroatoan uye koloni yakarasika yeRoanoke: enigma yenhoroondo munzira inoenda kuchisarudzo chakamirirwa kwenguva refu.