Wakambozvibvunza here kuti mawhale anodya chii?Idzo mhuka dzemumvura dzinonyanya kupenya dziriko, nekuti unozoshamisika kuziva kuti mamwe emarudzi makuru anodya zvisikwa zvisingaoneki, zvakaita sekrill, dzimwe dzine kudya kwakasiyana uye mamwe, semawhale anouraya, anodya nyama, saka tinokukoka iwe kuti uwane nezve chokwadi ichi muchinyorwa chino.
Mawhale anodyei?
Nyeredzi, sezvimwe zvisikwa zvipenyu zvese, zvinoda chikafu kuchengetedza hupenyu hwazvo, zvisinei, nekuda kwehukuru hwadzo, mhuka dzemugungwa idzi dzinoda kudya huwandu hukuru hwechikafu kuvhara huwandu hwepamusoro hwemakoriyumu ezuva nezuva avanoda.
Maererano nemhando dzatiri kureva, dzichadya neimwe nzira. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvinodyiwa nemawhale, izvo zvavanofarira chikafu uye zvese zvine chekuita nekudya whale, tinokukoka iwe kuti uenderere mberi nekuverenga kuti udzidze zvakawanda.
Ko mawhale anodya sei?
Chekutanga pane zvese, zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti mawhale ane maviri akasiyana maitiro ekudyisa. Izvi zvinoenderana nekuti kune mhando mbiri dzewhale dzakanyatsosiyana, kune rumwe rutivi tinowana ma<em>baleen whale uye kune rimwewo tinowana mazino.
Uyezve, mu biology, izwi rokuti whale rinoshandiswa chete kumhuri ye balenids. Nekudaro, mamwe akawanda macetaceans anozivikanwa colloquially semawhale, pakati pawo anotevera:
- Balenids : iwo mawhale ane baleen, ayo atatoreva se baleen whale, uye anodya nekusefa. Boka iri rinosanganisira maright whale nemabowhead whale.
- Balenopterids kana mafin whales: iwowo mabhareen whale. Pakati padzo pane mhuka hurusa pasi rose, blue whale, uye humpback whale inozivikanwa zvikuru.
- Scrictids kana grey whales: idzo odontocetes, dzatakataura nezvadzo semazino mawhale, sema dolphin nemamwe macetaceans.
Nzira iyo makudo ane mazino anodyisa nayo ingava iri nyore zvikuru kutsanangura, sezvo, sezvinoratidzira kuzivikanwa kwawo, iwo ndiwo ane mazino. Aya ma<em>whale vavhimi vanobudirira uye vanodya nyama yedzimwe mhuka. Mukurwadziwa kwekurwisa kwavo vanogona kudya shumba dzegungwa, penguin kana hove.
Nzira yadzo yekurwisa nayo inosanganisira kumhanya, dzinoshambira nekuchimbidza dzichienda kune mhuka yadzinenge dzabata dzakashama miromo, panguva iyoyo mhuka yadzo inobva yaziva kuti yavepo, asi yave kunonoka, sezvo whale inovhara shaya yayo kuti ikurume. Kana mhuka ikaita chishamiso chokubuda pakurwiswa iri mhenyu, zvakajairika kuti inzwe yavhiringidzika uye izvi zvinoshandiswa newhale kuedza kuivhima zvakare.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, tinowana ma<em>baleen whales, uye iyi ndiyo mhando ye<em>whale iyo yakawanda zvikurusa mumakungwa uyewo hombe zvikuru maererano ne<em>whale ane mazino. Mawhale aya haana mazino, asi panzvimbo pacho anoatsiva nema microfilaments, ayo atinoti baleen uye anoshandiswa kusefa chikafu chawo. Nzira yavanoshandisa yakasiyana zvikuru neinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa.
Chekutanga, baleen whale inowana chikoro chekrill kana plankton, zvinova ndizvo zvavanowanzodya nazvo, uye kana vangoiwana, vanonanga kuchikoro nemiromo yavo yakashama uye vanobvisa zvese kubva kuhove, krill uye zvakawanda. mvura. Sezvavanononoka, vanovhara miromo yavo ndokubudisa mvura yose pakati pendebvu dzavo, zvichiita kuti zvokudya zvavo zvirambe zviri mukati. Kana kusefa kwave kusimbiswa, vanomedza chikafu chose.
Mawhale anodyei?
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, tisati taziva zvinodyiwa newhale uye kuti ndezvipi zvinhu zvinoumba chikafu chayo chezuva nezuva, mhuka huru idzi dzinoda matani echikafu zuva rega rega kuti dzirambe dziri vapenyu. Kana ari madiki whales akadai sesperm whales, mamarvals, ayo akanyanya mazino, anoda huwandu diki hwekudya, zvisinei, kana tichitaura nezvemhuka hombe panyika, iyo inonzi blue whale , unofanira kudya zvakawanda. chekudya kuchengetedza kuita kwako kwezuva nezuva.
Dumbu rehove hombe, uye rinogadzira zvokudya zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvave zvichiratidzwa kuti munguva idzo iyo whale isingadyi muzuva, inokwanisa kudzikamisa kugaya kwayo, kukwanisa kubata zvishoma, asi kazhinji, vanowanzodya zuva nezuva.
Ko hove yeZino inodyei?
Muchikafu chetoothed whale pane zvisingagumi zvemhuka, kubva kune chero rudzi rwehove, zvose zviduku nehombe, kusanganisira shark. Izvo zvakare zvave zvichigoneka kuiona ichidya zvisimbiso kana shumba dzegungwa, asi pakati pevakanyanya kurova mapere, kunyangwe izvi zvisingawanzo, nekuti ivo vaizofanira kusvika pedyo zvakanyanya neiyo glaciers, kana mamwe mawhale, asi izvi chete. zvinoitika kana kuine nguva yenzara uye dzinodya mamwe mawhale madiki.
Kunyange zvazvo zvingafungwa kuti ma<em>whale ane mazino anotsenga uye anopwanya mhuka dzawo nemazino adzo anoyevedza, chokwadi ndechokuti anongodzishandisa kuvhima nekuuraya vanhu vadzo, izvo, kana dzangodziuraya, dzinodzimedza dzose. Kunyangwe, muchiitiko icho uremu hwakakura kwazvo, hunokwanisa kuipwanya kuita zvidimbu zvinoverengeka kuti iite kuti kudyiwa kwayo.
Dzimwe dzehove dziri chikamu chekudya kwehove dzine mazino dzinoti:
- Chaplain (Mallotus villosus).
- Common cod (Gadus morhua).
- Black flounder (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides).
- Herrings (Clupea spp.).
Pakupedzisira, squid inosanganiswawo mukudya kwemamwe mawhale. Ichi chikafu chinonyanya kukosha kune chikuru pasi rose, blue whale, vane tsika yekudzika pasi pegungwa vachitsvaga zvikoro zve squid.
Chii chinonzi Baleen Whale?
Kana iyo toothed whale inofarira mhuka huru, baleen whale ine kudya kunobva pane plankton uye krill. Krill icrustacean idiki zvakanyanya pane shrimp uye kazhinji inoshambira muzvikoro zvemabhiriyoni evanhu pakadzika zvisina kudzika.
Dai paive nesarudzo yekubhururuka nepamusoro pechikoro cheidzi crustaceans diki, taizoona kuti gungwa rinoshandura ruvara rutsvuku rwakanyanya, rinova iro ruvara rukuru. Muchiitiko ichi, kana baleen whale inoona chikoro chekrill, inokwanisa kuita zvishoma uye kuderedza huwandu hwekrill, plankton nedzimwe hove dzakaswedera kune idzi crustaceans kuti dzidyewo, nerombo rakaipa zvokuti dzakaguma. kudyiwa.
Plankton iboka rezvisikwa zvidiki zvikuru zvinorarama zvakaturikwa mumvura. Inoumbwa nezvinhu zvipenyu zvakadai se:
- Zvirimwa (phytoplankton).
- Mhuka (zooplankton).
Ivo zvakare vanodya zooplankton, iyo inosanganisira mhuka diki kwazvo dzine chikafu chinoumbwa nechero plankton. Iwo makurustaceans akura, akadai sekrill kana copepods, uye mhute yemhuka idzo, kana dzapedza kukura kwayo, dzinogara munzvimbo yegungwa.
Mamwe ma<em>crustaceans anoita basa rinokosha mukudyisa kwemvura mumvura yemawhale ndiwo planktonic copepods. Aya makustaceans anogona kuyera isingasviki millimeter uye zvakare chikafu chakakosha kune dzimwe mhuka zhinji dziri mumakungwa.
Mukuwedzera, mu zooplankton zvinokwanisika kuwana dzimwe hove uye mhute dzemhuka dzakadai sesiponji, korals, echinoderms, molluscs muzvikamu zvavo zvevaduku. Mhuka dzose idzi dzinopedza nhanho dzekutanga dzehupenyu hwadzo dziri pakati pezooplankton, kusvika dzazvimiririra kubva ku plankton padzakura.
Sezvo mwaka wekutama uchiswedera, whale inowanzodya zvakanyanya, kuitira kuti iunganidze mafuta akawanda pasi peganda ravo rakaoma. Izvi zvinovabatsira kuti kana vachinge vatanga kutama, vasatombodya chero chinhu, zvekuti kana vasvika kunzvimbo dzavanoenda kunopedza chando vanenge vaonda kudarika pavakatanga rwendo rwavo. .
whale kutarisa
Nyeredzi dzinotama zvikuru dzichitsvaka zvokudya zvadzo. Muzhizha dzinotamira kumvura inotonhora, uko kune zvokudya zvakawanda. Kana kutonhora kunosvika, huwandu hwezvokudya hunoderera, nekuda kwekuti vanodzokera kumvura inodziya, kwavanobatana uye kubereka.
Ruzivo urwu runoshandiswa kuitira kuti tizive nguva nenzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekuona whale. Tevere tichapa mimwe mienzaniso:
- Valdés Peninsula (Argentina): Ndiyo nzvimbo yakanaka yekuona whale yekumaodzanyemba (Eubalaena australis).
- Whale Bay (Costa Rica): Humpback whales vanofarira kuenda kumvura iyi kunobatana. Iwe unogona zvakare kuona ma dolphin, mwaranzi uye shark.
- Baja California (Mexico): inzvimbo yekuona grey whale, kunyangwe zvakajairika kuona whale yeblue.
- Iwe unogona kuona marudzi ese emawhale uye zvakare ane beaked whale, masperm whale uye anouraya whale.
- Glacier Bay (Canada): inzvimbo inozivikanwa nekuona humpback kana humpback whales.
- Monterey Bay, California (United States): Muzhizha uye matsutso, whale yebhuruu inopfuura nemubay iyi. Iwe unogona zvakare kuona humpback, kurudyi uye minke whales.
Kune akawanda mawebhusaiti kwaunogona kuona idzi mhuka dzakanaka. Nekudaro, kana iwe uchida kuenda kunovatarisa, isu tinokurudzira kuti uite kudaro neruzivo rwunodiwa, asi kuti chiitiko chako chiburitse zvishoma zvinogoneka pane zvavanogara uye maitiro avo.
Kana iwe wakafarira chinyorwa ichi, iwe unogona zvakare kufarira kuverenga: