Dyara Carpobrotus edulis, yave ichipararira muIberian Peninsula yose. Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika yaitoonekwa mumakireshi kuti itengeswe. Icho chirimwa chakanaka kwazvo, chinoshingirira, chiri nyore kuparadzira uye chinogadzira girinhi kana girinhi nepingi mantle ine maruva.
Ese maitiro aya akaita kuti vanhu vazhinji vade kuve nechirimwa ichi mumapindu avo. Zvisinei, zvave zvakadaro yakamurwa sechirimwa chinoparadza. Haisi chirimwa chekuzvarwa uye munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji kana dzechisikigo injodzi isingadzoreki.
Iri sei iyo Carpobrotus edulis?
Dyara Carpobrotus edulis Inobva kuSouth Africa. Iyo inozivikanwawo se "cat's claw", chirimwa cherudzi succulents nemashizha ane nyama uye anokambaira, ndiko kuti, inoumba network inovhara ivhu rose (inokura pasi). Zvavo maruva anoshamisira, kazhinji fuchsia uye yero, vanogona kusvika pakukura kwemasendimita gumi.
Inozivikanwa se "cat's claw" nokuda kwechimiro chemashizha ayo anoyeuchidza claw. Tinogonawo kuiwana ichinzi "herba de coitelo". Asi zita rayo resainzi rinobva muchiGiriki "Karpos" (muchero) uye "brotus" (inodyiwa).
Zvichida chimwe chezvinhu zvayo zvinonyanya kukosha ndeye kupikisa kukuru kana kupona. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti ikure zvose munguva yekusanaya kwemvura uye munzvimbo dzemunyu.
Nanhasi zvakadaro inosanganisirwa muSpanish Catalog yeInvasive Alien Species, yakabvumidzwa neRoyal Decree 630/2013, yaNyamavhuvhu 2. Iko kuiswa kwayo munharaunda yechisikigo, kuve nayo, kutakurwa, traffic uye kutengeserana kunorambidzwa.
Panguva ino Iwe unogona kunge uchinetseka kuti sei chirimwa ichi chichirongerwa sechirimwa chinopinda. Saka ngatitaurei zvishoma nezvazvo kuti tizvinzwisise. Kuti udzidze nezvehunhu hwe zvinomera zvinonaka, zvakakosha kuti tizive machinjiro avanoita uye kutarisira mapindu edu.
Inowanikwa kupi muIberian Peninsula?
Iyo "claw yekatsi" yakatanga kupararira kuchamhembe kwepeninsula kubvira 1892, zvokuti vaigona kutofungidzirwa kuva chirimwa chomuzvarirwo. Asi handizvo.
Iyo simiti yakaunzwa senzira yakasikwa yekugadzirisa ivhu munzvimbo dzemahombekombe. Chimwe chinhu icho, muchokwadi, chinoshanda chaizvo uye ndicho chikonzero chakajairika kuchiona munzvimbo idzi dzemahombekombe pamawere, uko inoumba mesh yezvinomera inochengeta pasi.
Es nyore kuwana pese pamhenderekedzo yeGalicia, pamawere. Dambudziko nderekuti yakaisa mhuka dzeko uye kutora nzvimbo yadzo. Kuwedzera kune izvi inyaya yekuti kuibvisa kunenge kusingagoneki kunyangwe zvirongwa zvaitwa neEnvironment Ministry. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kuchengetwa kwakanaka, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekupikisa kwayo uye kugadzirisa kune zvakatipoteredza.
Carpobrotus edulis dambudziko
Takatarisana ne chirimwa chekukurumidza uye nyore kubereka, chinopararira segumbeze pasi uye zvishoma nezvishoma chinobvisa kana kutsakatisa. mhando iyo inosangana nayo munzira. Kuderedza kukanganisa kwayo kunogoneka mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakadai semapaki echisikigo, asi kune matambudziko chaiwo mukuibvisa zvachose.
Pakutanga, yakabviswa nemaoko, asi chero midzi yakasara kana mashizha akawira panguva yekufambisa akaita kuti simiti ienderere mberi nekuwedzera kwayo. Izvi a clonal chirimwa, saka inobereka sexually nekudzika midzi kwematavi madiki. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zviri nyore kwazvo kuwedzera.
Ukuwo, chirimwa ichi chinopfumisa ivhu machiri. Izvi zvinoreva kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana munzvimbo iyi. Zvinokanganisa kushandura pH yevhu uye kugadzirisa kuwanikwa kwekudya. Semuenzaniso: muvhu rematombo vanowedzera acidity, muvhu rejecha vanoderedza acidity. Kuti uongorore zvakadzama munyaya iyi, munhu anogona kuongorora migumisiro ye mealybugs munharaunda sevamiririri vanogona kukanganisa hutano hwevhu.
Chinhu chikuru ndechekudzora nzvimbo dzakapedzwa chirimwa nekuti shanduko dzese dzazvinoita muvhu kufarira kutaridzika kwemamwe marudzi anoparadza.
Zvinogoneka mhinduro kukupinda kwe carpobrotus edulis
carpobrotus edulis ine muvengi wechisikigo kubva kunzvimbo yayo yekwakabva uye ndiyo cochineal cottony. Chipembenene ichi chinodya chete muto we "cat's claw" saka hachikanganise zvimwe zvirimwa zviri munharaunda. Nekudaro, mibairo yakamirira uye iri kuongororwa, sezvo chipembenene ichi hachisi chekuSpain zvakare.
The cochineal chaizvo Akasvika papeninsula achiperekedza Carpobrotus edulis pachake ndokunetesa mumwe wake kusvika aurawa.. Nhamba yezvipembenene yakaderera zvikuru kupfuura yemiti, izvo zvinoreva kuti kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kwayo kuri kuderera zvishoma, simiti inoramba ichiwana pasi kwekanguva.
Yakakosha muhurongwa hwese hwekutonga uye kupedzwa kwechirimwa ndeye ive nechokwadi chekuti mirau yashandiswa uye kuti haina kutengeswa munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa vana. Batanidza veruzhinji kuti Usatenge chirimwa ichi kunyangwe ukachiona uye kusimudzira ruzivo nezvedambudziko zvinoreva kune avo vanhu vanogona kunge vatova nazvo mumagadheni kana mudzimba dzavo. Mupfungwa iyi, tinogona kufunga zvakasiyana-siyana ecosystems iyo inogona kukanganiswa nemhando iyi inoparadza muSpain.
Chii chatinofanira kuita kana tine "cat's claw" mubindu redu?
Hapana chinoitika kuti tive nemuti uyu mumagadheni edu ega, chero isu tichiziva nezvenjodzi inogona kutakura mumiti yakapoteredza. Zvinofadzawo kuziva zvazvinoita nevhu remubindu redu uye kuongorora kuti tinoda kuti ripararire kusvika papi.
Imwe nzira yekuita ingave yekuisa chirimwa ichi munzvimbo dziya dzebindu redu dzisingabatike nezvimwe zvirimwa. Saka tichava nechikamu chedu chidiki chezvisikwa zvinotarisirwa asi pasina kukuvadza mamwe marudzi anogara mairi. Kana iwe uchida kuziva nzira yekuchengetedza gadheni rako, unogona kushanyira chinyorwa ichi nezve geranium zvirwere.
Imwe sarudzo ndeiyi uzviise muhari. kunyange zvazvo zvidimbu zvingadonha kubva muhari zvichanamatira ivhu rakakomberedza hari. Kune vanoda zvinomera zvinonaka, iyi sarudzo inogona kuva imwe nzira yakanaka yekudzora kupararira kwayo.
Kunyanya, iyo Royal Decree inopa:
Mienzaniso yemhando yezvirimwa inosanganisirwa mukatalogi mune vanhu kana iri mumapaki emudhorobha, magadheni eruzhinji kana mapindu ebhotani, yakawanikwa isati yatanga kushanda kwechisungo chehumambo ichi, inogona kuramba ichichengetwa nevaridzi vayo, iri munzvimbo dzakakomberedzwa, ine miganho yakatsanangurwa uye chero zviyereso zvisingapararire kunze kwemiganhu iyi.. Muchiitiko ichi, vanobata vanotora matanho akakodzera ekudzivirira kudzivirira kupararira kwezvienzaniso zvambotaurwa kune yakasikwa kana semi-yakasikwa nharaunda uye havagone kushambadzira, kubereka kana kutamisa zvienzaniso. Panyaya yezvimiro zvezvipenyu zviri mukatalogi iri mumapaki eruzhinji kana magadheni, kunyanya ayo ari munzvimbo yeruzhinji hydraulic domain, manejimendi ane hunyanzvi achabvisa zvishoma nezvishoma idzi mhando, pazvinenge zvakakodzera.
Zvinogona kupfupikiswa pakuti tinogona kuva nazvo kumba chero tichiziva nezvenjodzi, Ngatidzore kuti isapararire zvakanyanya toita kuti isabve pamba pedu.