La avian coccidiosis Ndiyo imwe yematambudziko ayo, kunyange asingawanzo kukurumidza kuoneka, inogara iripo mune chero broiler huku purazi. Zvinokonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi nekuda kwekukura kwakadzikira, kushandurwa kwekudya kushoma, kufa kwakanyanya, uye kuenderera kwemitengo yemishonga nekudzivirira. Naizvozvo, kuve nekunzwisisa kwakajeka kwemaitiro ekuzvigadzirisa kwakakosha. anticoccidial rotation zvirongwa muhuku Zvave kuda kusungirwa kune chero musanganisi kana purazi rinoda kukwikwidza.
Kupfuura kusarudza "chimwe chigadzirwa kana chimwe", chii chinoita kuti mutsauko ndeye gadzira chirongwa chekutonga chepasi rose Ichi chinyorwa chinokurukura musanganiswa weionophore anticoccidials, mamorekuru ekugadzira, uye majekiseni anorarama attenuated, ane hurongwa hwekutenderera hwakanyatsorongwa. Muchinyorwa chese, tichaongorora kuti mapoka makuru emaanticoccidials anoshanda sei, chii chinoumba chirongwa chekutenderera, basa rekutanga majekiseni, uye izvo data remunda rinoratidza nezve maronda, kuita kwekugadzira, uye mutengo wekudya.
Chii chinonzi avian coccidiosis uye nei ichinetseka zvakadaro?
Avian coccidiosis inokonzerwa neprotozoa yemhando EimeriaAya apicomplexans ndeeboka reApicomplexa. Iwo akanyatsoita intestinal parasites inosangana nehupenyu hwakaoma mukati memuenzi, kuchinjana pakati peasexual nesexual phase. Mhando huru dzinobata huku dzebroiler ndeidzi Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, E. tenella, E. necatrix uye E. brunettiimwe neimwe iine nzvimbo yainoda mukati meura uye maitiro ayo maitiro ekuita.
Dambudziko guru nderekuti zvipembenene izvi zvinokuvadza mutsara wematumbo, zvichikonzera kusabatwa zvakanaka kwezvinovaka muviriManyoka, marara ane ropa mune dzimwe nguva, uye kunyangwe mufananidzo wekiriniki usingawanzo shamisa, unoshandura kuita kushomeka kwehuremu, kuwedzera kutendeuka kwehuwandu hwekudya, uye kufa kwakanyanya. Yakawedzerwa kune iyi mutengo weanticoccidials mukudya, vaccine, uye zvirongwa zvekutarisa (maronda, oocyst kuverenga, nezvimwewo).
Mukuita, mapurazi mazhinji anogona kuita seari kushanda nemazvo, asi kana zviratidzo zvekugadzira zvanyatsoongororwa uye zvine chekuita neronda uye OPG (oocysts pagiramu retsvina) data, zvinoonekwa kuti a subclinical coccidiosis Icho chiri kutema purofiti chinyararire. Naizvozvo, kudzivirira kudzora uchishandisa anticoccidials mukudyisa kana majekiseni mhenyu yave tsika muindasitiri yemazuva ano yekuhuku.
Kurongeka kwemaanticoccidials uye musiyano pakati pecoccidiostats uye coccidicides
Anticoccidials haaiti zvisarura pamatanho ese eparasite; asi, morekuru rimwe nerimwe rine a spectrum of action uye poindi mukutenderera uko kunonyanya kushanda. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, pfungwa huru mbiri dzinowanzokurukurwa: coccidiostats uye coccidicides. coccidiostats Izvi zvigadzirwa zvinononoka kana kumisa kuvandudzwa kwema intracellular mafomu eEimeria, asi pasina kuabvisa zvachose. Ivo vanobvumira imwe nhanho yekudzora kudzokororwa kweoocysts, iyo inogona kubatsira kukudziridza kusadzivirirwa mukati meboka.
ari coccidicidesKusiyana neizvi, vane simba rekuuraya zvakananga mafomu eparasite yavanenge vachirwisa. Iyi misiyano yekushanda yakakosha pakugadzira zvirongwa, sezvo chinangwa chisiri chekubvisa zvachose hutachiona, asi kuti huchengetedze padanho rakaderera rinobvumira kusadzivirirwa kwekudzivirira kukudziridza pasina kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekugadzirwa. Naizvozvo, zvirongwa zvakawanda zvinosanganisa mamwe "ane hukasha" nhanho neakawanda "anobvumira" zvichienderana nezera uye mamiriro eboka.
Kubva pamaonero anoshanda, anticoccidials anoshandiswa muhuku anonyanya kuiswa mumapoka maviri makuru. mapoka: ionophores uye synthetics (anonziwo makemikari). Boka rega rega rine maitiro akasiyana ekuita uye akasiyana maitiro ekupikisa, izvo zvakakosha pakuvaka zvirongwa zvinotenderera zvinotenderera.
Ionophores vs. synthetic ionophores: nzira yekuita uye kushandiswa kwemunda
ari ionophores Aya ndiwo mamorekuru, anowanzo kuve echisikigo (zvigadzirwa zvekuvirisa), anoshandura kutakura kweion kuburikidza nemasero eparasite. Mienzaniso yekare inosanganisira monensin, salinomycin, narasin, lasalocid, uye maduramicin. Vanopindira neiyo ionic chiyero cheiyo intracellular mafomu eEimeria, zvichikonzera kufa kwavo kana kutadzisa kukura kwavo. Zvinowanzo shandiswa muzvirongwa zvinoenderera mberi kana mumatanho epakati uye ekupedzisira ekukora nekuti zvinobvumira kumwe kudzora. oocyst recycling, kukurudzira kukura kwekudzivirira.
ari synthetic anticoccidials (Kemikari) inosanganisira akasiyana mamorekuru akasiyana (semuenzaniso, diclazuril, nicarbazine, decoquinate, robenidine, clopidol, pakati pevamwe). Mazhinji acho ane yakawedzera coccidiocidal mhedzisiro pane mamwe nhanho yehupenyu kutenderera uye anowanzo shandiswa mukati pre-kutanga uye kutanga nhanhoApa ndipo chaipo panodiwa kudzora kwakasimba kudzivirira shiri diki, idzo dzinonyanya kutapukirwa neutachiona.
Mukuita, zvirongwa zvekudzora zvinowanzobatanidza ionophore + synthetic musanganiswa Mumazuva mashoma ekutanga ehupenyu, dzimwe nguva achikwira kusvika kumazuva makumi maviri nemasere ekuzvarwa, musanganiswa uyu unotora mukana wekuita kwesynergistic yezvikamu zviviri uye kuderedza njodzi yemorekuru rimwe chete rinotakura kumanikidza kwese. Kubva pamazuva 21-28 zvichienda mberi, ionophore imwechete inowanzo shandiswa pachikamu chekukora, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira kunonoka kudzokororwa kweoocyst uye zviratidzo zvekiriniki padyo nehuremu hwekuuraya.
Matafura ehunyanzvi akasiyana-siyana anonyora madosi akajairwa ezvigadzirwa izvi mukudyisa (ppm), kuwanda kwavo kwekuita kunopesana nemhando huru dzeEimeria (E. tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. brunetti), uye nhanho yehupenyu hweparasitic iyo inonyanya kushanda. Iyi data yakakosha kune gadzirisa purogiramu zvinoenderana neiyo coccidiosis mbiri inotungamira mune yega yega yekubatanidza kana dunhu.
Chii chinonzi anticoccidial rotation program muhuku?
Paunotaura nezvazvo anticoccidial rotation program Izvi zvinoreva sarudzo yemaune yekushandura anticoccidial kana musanganiswa weanticoccidials anoshandiswa mushure meimwe nguva yenguva kana nhamba yemabhechi. Hazvirevi zvekuchinja "kana zvinhu zvikashata," asi nezvekuronga mberi, semuenzaniso, kuti mushure memwedzi mina kana mushure mezvikwata zviviri zvakatevedzana zvine chirongwa chakafanana, kurapwa kuchagadziriswa.
Chinangwa ndechokudzivisa kushandiswa kusingagumi uye kusingagumi yechigadzirwa chimwe chete, iyo ndiyo nzira yakananga yekubuda kwekupikisa uye kurasikirwa kunofambira mberi kwekushanda. Kana maanticoccidial mamwe chete achishandiswa mwaka nemwaka, utachiona hunosarudzira vanhu vasingadi; pakutanga, dambudziko rinoratidza sekudonha kusinganzwisisike mukurema kana kugona kwekudya, uye nekufamba kwenguva, zvinonyanya kuoneka kubuda kwekiriniki kunogona kuoneka.
Chirongwa chekutenderera chakanyatsogadzirwa chinochinjana ionophores uye synthetics nemaitiro akasiyana echiito, zvekuti huwandu hweEimeria hwave husingaite kune rimwe boka hunobva hwaratidzwa kune akasiyana mamorekuru. Nenzira iyi, kunzwisiswa kune zvigadzirwa zvakamboshandiswa kare "kudzoserwa" zvishoma nekuunza matambudziko anokanganisa nekuda kweshanduko yekusarudza kudzvanywa.
Mumunda, muenzaniso wakajairika ungave wekubva kubva kune akati wandei uchishandisa chaiyo ionophore (semuenzaniso, salinomycin) kuenda kuchirongwa chinoenderana neyakasiyana synthetic molecule (semuenzaniso, diclazuril kana decoquinate), kana kunyange kune chirongwa chinosanganisa. vaccination ne anticoccidials, usati wachinja kune imwe ionophore. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti shanduko inotsigirwa nedata rekugadzira (catalytics, uremu, kufa, chikafu uye kushandiswa kwemvura) uye nekutarisa maronda uye mukana wekukura.
Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzira chirongwa chakanaka chekutonga
Paunenge uchironga chirongwa chekudzivirira coccidiosis (ingave yakavakirwa chete pane anticoccidials kana pane yakasanganiswa zano nejekiseni), zvakakosha kuti zvive pachena. zviratidzo zvinoonekwa panguva ipi? uye ndeapi marudzi eEimeria anobatanidzwa. Chiitiko chenhoroondo yepurazi kana musanganisi chakakosha: kuva nemarekodhi ematambudziko ekare, makore ekutanga, mhando dzemhando dzakawanda, uye mibairo yekugadzira nechirongwa chega chega zvinobvumira zano rakanyatsojeka.
Pasi pemamiriro emumunda, dzimwe mhando dzakatsanangurwa sedzinoda kuonekwa mukati memakore akatarwa ari muhuku dzebroiler. Semuyenzaniso, E. acervulina Inowanzoonekwa kakawanda pakati pe18 ne28 mazuva; E. maximapakati pe25 ne35 mazuva; uye E. tenellapakati pe32 ne42 mazuva. Kutevedzana uku kunobatsira "kuisa" anticoccidials kana majekiseni ekudzivirira nenzira inovhara nguva dzakatetepa kune yega yega.
Kana, semuenzaniso, zvinozivikanwa kuti mupurazi E. maxima Mhando iyi ndiyo inokonzera kutema kwemusoro kwakanyanya (kudzikama kwekukura, kuderera kwekudya kwekudya, asi pasina kuwedzera kunoshamisa kwekufa), saka zvine musoro kuti usarudze mamorekuru anonyanya kushanda pamhando iyi chaiyo mukati mezera rezera iro rinogona kunge richinyanya kushanda. Zvikasadaro, chirongwa chichave chakarurama "papepa" asi chisina kukodzera kune chokwadi cheiyo system yekugadzira.
Mukuwedzera kune zera uye zvipenyu, zvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvakadai se nguva yegore (mwedzi inodziya kana kutonhora), uye kana nguva yacho yakaoma kana kunaya. Humidity uye tembiricha zvinopesvedzera zvakananga oocyst sporulation uye huwandu hweOPG hwakaburitswa mumarara. Naizvozvo, mapurogiramu mazhinji ekutenderera anorongwawo nemwaka, achichinjanisa mishonga nemishonga yekudzivirira kumamiriro ekunze aripo.
Sei uchifanira kushandisa mapurogiramu ekutenderera pane kugara uchichengetedza chirongwa chimwe chete?
La kupikisa anticoccidials Ichi chiitiko chakanyatsonyorwa mu avian coccidiosis. Inotsanangurwa sekurasikirwa kwekuita kwemorekuru kurwisa parasite, uye inowanzoonekwa kare nekuderera kwehuremu kana kugona kwekudya pane kutaridzika kwezviratidzo zvekiriniki zvinorova. Mune mamwe mazwi, danga rinoita se "chaiyo," asi rinodya yakawanda chikafu kuti isvike huremu hwakafanana, kana kutora nguva yakareba kuti isvike huremu hwakanangwa.
Zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi uye ruzivo rwemumunda zvinobvumirana kuti, kana zvichishandiswa mu inoenderera uye yakareba Nechero anticoccidial imwe chete, kuramba kunozopedzisira kwaita. Naizvozvo, chirongwa chakakodzera chinofanira kuvavarira kutsiva chero kupikiswa kungave kwatogadzwa panguva imwe chete ichichengetedza kushanda kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva. Saka kukosha kwekutenderera uye kuchinjisa zvirongwa (kana "shuttles") pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zvekutenderera kwekugadzira.
Izvo zvinonzi shuttle zvirongwa Idzi nzira dzinosanganisira kushandisa imwe anticoccidial muchikamu chekutanga uye kushandura kune imwe yakasiyana panguva yekukora mukati mechikamu chimwe chete. Semuenzaniso, kutanga nemusanganiswa weionophore uye synthetic anticoccidial kubva pazuva 1 kusvika 21-28, uye kuenderera mberi neinonophore yakasiyana kubva panguva iyoyo kusvikira kuuraya. Iyi nzira inobvumira mhando yekutonga kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvechikamu chimwe nechimwe, uku ichideredzawo kudzvanywa kwekusarudza pane imwe molecule.
Chero zvazvingava, zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvirongwa zvekutenderera Dzinofanirwa kuchinjwa kanenge mabheji maviri ega ega, uye nguva dzose inotsigirwa nehurongwa hwekucherechedza hunosanganisira: kuenderera mberi kwekuongorora zviratidzo zvekugadzira (kudyisa uremu, uremu, kufa), OPG kuverenga, uye intestinal lesion scoring (semuenzaniso, kushandisa nzira yeJohnson uye Reid). Pasina chinangwa chedhata, kutenderera kunongove "chigadzirwa roulette" pasina chero maitiro chaiwo.
Kunze kwekuti: musanganiswa weionophores uye synthetics mune pre-kutanga uye kutanga
Kunyange zvazvo mutemo mukuru wekutenderera uchirayira usasanganise nguva dzose Kunyange zvazvo ionophores nemafuta ekugadzira achiwanzo shandiswa, pane imwe chete inogamuchirwa nevakawanda: nhanho dzekutanga dzehupenyu hwehuku (pre-starter and starter feeds), apo kunyanya kudzivirira kwakasimba kunodiwa. Munguva iyi, ura hausati wakura, immune system ichiri kukura, uye chero kukuvara kwekutanga kunogona kukanganisa kuita kweboka rese.
Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwe ionophore + synthetic musanganiswa Mumavhiki mashomanana ekutanga, kunyange kuwedzera kurapwa kusvika kumazuva makumi maviri nemasere ekuberekwa, chirongwa ichi chinopa chipingamupinyi chakapetwa kaviri kurwisa coccidiosis: coccidicidal kana coccidiostatic effect ye synthetic agent uye chiito cheionophore, iyo inogadzirisa nharaunda yematumbo. Zvadaro, chikafu chinowanzo kuchinjirwa kune imwechete ionophore yechikamu chekukora, kudzivirira kunonoka kudzokororwa kwemaoocysts izvo zvinogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro nguva isati yaurayiwa.
Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, basa re kubaya Mushonga wekudzivirira coccidiosis unouya sechishandiso chekuwedzera mukati mekutenderera, inokwanisa "kudzoreredza" kunzwa kwecoccidia kune ionophores uye mamwe anticoccidials. Ngatitarisei zvakadzama kuti majekiseni anobatanidzwa sei muzvirongwa izvi.
Rarama attenuated vaccine uye basa ravo mukutenderera kweanticoccidial
Mumakore achangopfuura kushandiswa kwe majekiseni ekudzivirira ekutanga anorarama kurwisa coccidiosis muhuku, senge HIPRACOX® kana mamwe maitiro akafanana. Majekiseni aya ane maoocysts eEimeria akasarudzwa, attenuated strains, anokwanisa kudzora kudzokororwa muura hwehuku, zvichiita kuti asadzivirirwe pasina kukonzeresa zviratidzo zvekiriniki. Mamirioni eshiri akabayiwa pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekutonga uye mamiriro ekunze, achigadzira hwaro hwakasimba hwedatabase.
Pfungwa yepakati yezvirongwa zve vaccine-drug rotation Maitirwo acho anosanganisira kuchinjika matenderedzwa apo jekiseni rinoshandiswa nematenderedzwa apo maanticoccidial anounzwazve muchikafu. Munguva yezvikamu zvekudzivirira, mhando dzeEimeria dzinotapukira dzinounzwa kuti dzikwikwidze nevanhu vanopokana avo vakasarudzwa kuburikidza nekushandisa zvinodhaka kwenguva refu. Mukutenderera kunotevera, kana maanticoccidial adzoserwa, anowedzera kushanda zvakare nekuti tupukanana inowana zvakare kubatwa kwayo.
Nezve maronda emudumbu, ongororo dzakati wandei dzakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kwemajekiseni ekutanga attenuated kunoderedza chiyero chekukuvara kwese (TMLS)Ndiko kuti, iyo yakazara inorema chibodzwa chibodzwa zvinoenderana neiyo Johnson uye Reid nzira (1970), ese ari mujekiseni kutenderera uye mune anotevera madhizaini apo anticoccidials inotangwazve. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kusadzivirirwa kunoitwa panguva yekudzivirira kune nguva refu pahutano hwematumbo.
Maronda emudumbu mashoma uye goho riri nani rine zvirongwa zvevaccine-drug rotation
Zvakaitika zvakaunganidzwa kubva kumapurazi munyika dzinoverengeka dzeEurope zvakaratidza kuti, panguva majekiseni Uye mumatenderedzwa anotevera anotevera, kuvandudzwa kwakajeka kunoonekwa muzviratidzo zvekugadzira: zvirinani shanduko yekudyara, huremu hwekupedzisira hwepamusoro, uye, kazhinji, kufa kwakaderera. Izvi zvakasimbiswa zvese munguva yechando yekudzivirira kuSpain uye mumapurazi muCentral Europe mumwedzi yezhizha.
Mune aya masisitimu, maitiro akacherechedzwa ndeokuti, mushure mekutenderera kwakati wandei nemaanticoccidials, mhenyu yakadzivirirwa yekudzivirira inounzwa mune imwechete kana akawanda batch. Munguva iyi yekubaya majekiseni, a kuderera kwekuoma uye kuwanda kwekukuvara yecoccidiosis, uye nguva yepeaks yecoccidial inoshanduka kusvika kumakore ekutanga, kazhinji pakati pe3 uye 4 mavhiki (21-28 mazuva), iyo apo kukanganisa kwehupfumi hwehupfumi hushoma.
Kana ma anticoccidials anozodzoserwa muchikafu, mibairo yekugadzira inoita kunge iri nani kana ichienzaniswa neaya matenderedzwa kusati kwaitwa jekiseni. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kutenderera kwakavakirwa pa Vaccination + kudzokera kune anticoccidials Haisi kungobatsira kudzora chirwere panguva yekudzivirira, asiwo "inovandudza" kushanda kwemishonga mumitambo inotevera.
Zvirongwa zviviri zvinopesana nekudzivirira: kufambira mberi kwecoccidial kutenderera
MuUnited States, maitiro e maviri anticoccidial mapurogiramu (drug in feed) maringe nemazano anosanganisira kubayisa. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kufadza zvakawanikwa ndezvekuti, kana uchichinja kubva kune yechinyakare chirongwa chembiri kuenda pakuiswa kwejekiseni yecoccidiosis, coccidial cycles inowanzoitika pazera diki.
Mune imwe kambani hombe yehuku muSouth Carolina yaitenderera pakati pehuviri hwekudya uye chirongwa chekudzivirira, zvakaonekwa kuti, nechirongwa chemhando mbiri, coccidial spikes zvakaitika. masikatipakati pe5 nemavhiki manomwe (35-49 mazuva) ezera. Zvisinei, apo coccidiosis yekudzivirira yakatanga, maitiro akatanga kuonekwa kare kare, pakati pemavhiki matatu ne4 (mazuva 21-28). Izvi zvakatanga kutenderera zvakaratidza kubatsira kubva pakuona kwehupfumi.
Chikonzero chiri nyore: kana iyo coccidial cycle inokura pamberi pechikamu chekukura kwekukura (kutenderera mazuva makumi maviri nemasere), ine. mukana muduku wekupindira nenguva iyo huku inodya chikafu chakanyanya uye ichiwedzera huremu. Zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai sezvakaitwa naDr. Robert Teeter paOklahoma State University, zvakaratidza kuti gare gare coccidial cycle inoitika, inowedzera kuipa kwekuita uye migumisiro yemari yemugadziri.
Monitoring methodology: maronda uye oocysts
Kuongorora kushanda kwezvirongwa zvakasiyana-zvingave zvichibva pamishonga, majekiseni, kana kutenderera kwakasanganiswa-zvinotevera zvinowanzo shandiswa: Johnson uye Reid nzira kuitira scoring macroscopic maronda. Iyi sisitimu inoongorora maronda anokonzerwa nemhando dzakawanda dzeEimeria muhuku: E. acervulina, E. maxima, uye E. tenella, kugovera mapeji maererano nekuoma kwezvipembenene zvakaonekwa necropsy.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti, kunyangwe kugova kwekukuvara chete kune zvisingakwanisi mukuongorora mashandiro eboka rose kana kushanda kwechirongwa cheanticoccidial, chinoramba chiri chishandiso chinobatsira kwazvo kuongorora coccidiosis zvakarongeka. Kana necropsies uye zvibodzwa zvichiitwa nguva dzose nekufamba kwenguva, zvinobvumira kuenzanisa zvirongwa uye kugadzirisa kutenderera nekutonga kwakawanda.
Mukuwedzera kune macroscopic kuongororwa, kazhinji zvinotevera zvinoshandiswa: microscopic kudzidza ye intestinal mucosa scrapingsIzvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya panyaya yeE. maxima. Rudzi urwu rune ruzivo rwekuti runogona kuvapo muhuwandu uye hunokonzera kukanganisa kukuru kune mucosa pasina kubudisa maronda anooneka nyore macroscopic. Naizvozvo, kuvepo kwayo uye mutoro unowanzo kutsanangurwa nekuverenga maoocysts per microscopic field.
Nekubatanidza maturusi aya (macroscopic maronda, microscopic oocyst count, kugadzirwa paramita uye kufa), mufananidzo wakakwana wemamiriro chaiwo ecoccidiosis papurazi unowanikwa, unobatsira pakusarudza. rini uye sei kugadzirisa chirongwa cheanticoccidial kana chirongwa chekudzivirira.
Mhedzisiro yekudzivirira kwenguva refu pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisa
Kutenderera pakati pemishonga nejekiseni rekudzivirira coccidiosis kwaitwa mumakambani akasiyana siyana ehuku muUS, paine mhedzisiro yemifananidzo. Mune imwe kambani yeMississippi yaiita kutenderera pakati pemaanticoccidials mukudyisa nekudzivirira kwemakore mashanu, kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwejekiseni kwakaderedza zvakanyanya chiitiko uye kuomarara yezvipembenene zvemacroscopic zveE. acervulina uye zvipembenene zviduku zveE. maxima.
MuAlabama, imwe kambani yakasarudza kushandisa jekiseni nguva nenguva mushure mechirongwa chechinyakare chemishonga mukudya. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvakaonekwa kuti kuwanda uye kuoma kwemaronda ecoccidial yakanga ichidzikira, uye kuti kutenderera kweEimeria kwaiitika kare uye nepakutanga, neshiri dzichiratidza kusadzivirirwa kwemavhiki mashanu (mazuva makumi matatu nemashanu) ezera.
Imwe nzira yakafanana yakaonekwa pane imwe kambani muArkansas. Mwedzi mina mushure mekutanga kubaiwa kwecoccidiosis, nhamba yeshiri dzine maronda ecoccidial yakaderera zvikuru; coccidial cycles yakashandura kusvika kumakore e3 kusvika kumavhiki e4 (mazuva 21-28), uye shiri dzakanyatsogadzirisa dziviriro nemavhiki mashanu. Aya data anotsigira pfungwa yekuti kuenderera mberi nekudzivirira Icho chishandiso chine simba mukati mechirongwa chekutenderera.
Kunyange apo, pakambani imwe chete iyi yeArkansas, kubayiwa majekiseni mumapoka asina mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwakaenzaniswa nokuramba uchishandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa coccidi mumapoka emazuva ose, shiri dzakabayiwa dzakaratidza majekiseni ekare ekochidi, kusadzivirirwa kwekare kare, uye. kukuvara kushoma kupfuura mabhechi anorapwa nemishonga chete. Zvekare, kubatsira kwekubatanidza jekiseni muhurongwa hwese hwekutenderera kunosimbiswa.
Hukama pakati pecoccidiosis, mutengo wekudya uye nguva yekutenderera
Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza chinoratidzwa nezvidzidzo zvemumunda zvakasiyana hukama pakati pe kuvapo kwecoccidial cycles mushiri duku uye kutonga kwemitengo yekudya. Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzakaratidza kuti jekiseni rekudzivirira coccidiosis rinofarira kutaridzika kwezvinyoro zvishoma pazera rekutanga, izvo, kunyangwe zvingaite sezvisingabudiriri, zvinobatsira kana zvichiongororwa kubva mune zvehupfumi uye zvemuviri.
Kana Eimeria kutenderera kukaitika kunonoka, kuchienderana nechikamu chekunyanya kudya uye kukura kukuru, kukanganisa kwekushandurwa kwechikafu uye huremu hwekupedzisira hwakakura. Kusiyana neizvi, kana kutenderera kunoitika kwakapoteredza 3-4 mavhiki ezera, ura hwakatosvika kune imwe nhanho yekukura, asi shiri haisati yasvika pakudyiwa kwayo. Nenzira iyi, kusadzivirirwa kunoitwa ne chirango chakaderera pachiyero chekushandura uye kuwedzera kwekudya kwekudya.
Muchidimbu, kufambisira mberi kutenderera kwecoccidial kuburikidza nejekiseni-kutevera nguva yapfuura yezvirongwa zviviri zvine anticoccidials muchikafu-zvinobvumira kutonga kuri nani kwehukama hwekudzivirira-kuita. Mugadziri haangowana chete yakagadzikana kugadzirwa kuyerera asi anogona zvakare ... Deredza mitengo yakabatana nekudya uye kutaridzika kwemapfuti anonoka anowanzo kudhura zvakanyanya.
Zvose izvi zvinopindirana nepfungwa yokuti, kana yakanyatsogadziriswa, coccidiosis haifaniri kubviswa zvachose, asi kuti ichengetedzwe pachiyero chekliniki chinobvumira kuvandudzwa kwekudzivirira pasina kukanganisa mari yemurimi wehuku. Uye ndipo panosanganiswa nehungwaru kutenderera kwemaanticoccidials uye kushandisa nzira dzekudzivirira Inoita mutsauko uchienzaniswa ne monolithic zvirongwa zvichibva pamhando imwe chete yechigadzirwa.
