Alpha Centauri Iyo inozivikanwawo seRigel Kentaurus, ndiyo nyeredzi iri padyo neZuva, iri panosvika 4,37 light years away, kureva kuti, makiromita 41,3 trillion kure. Ihurongwa hwenyeredzi nhatu dzinokwevera pasi dzakabatanidzwa. Ibhinari system yenyeredzi inotenderera pakati pehuwandu, Alpha Centauri A naAlpha Centauri B, pamwe neyechitatu dzvuku nyeredzi, inonzi Proxima Centauri, iyo inotenderera pedyo nenyeredzi mbiri Alpha Centauri A naB.
Inofungidzirwa kubva prehistory sea chete nyeredzi uye neboka guru rengano, rinopenya zvikurusa reboka renyeredzi reCentaurus, zvinoonekwa pasina rubatsiro rweteresikopu, chaizvoizvo, kushandiswa kwenyeredzi mbiri dzinopenya kubva muhurongwa hwevatatu. Aive muFrench nyanzvi yezvemuchadenga Nicolas Louis de Lacaille uyo akaburitsa muna 1752 kuti Alpha Centauri nyeredzi ine zvinhu zviviri. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve nyeredzi idzi uye magadzirirwo adzo, unogona kubvunza gwara redu pa nyeredzi mbiri.
Iyo sisitimu inoumbwawo maviri mapuraneti yenzvimbo yepasi pano Alpha Centauri Bb, ine hupedyo hwe113% yehuremu hwepasi, iyo inotenderera Alpha Centauri B, ine dhigirii yemazuva 3,236 uye Proxima Centauri b, iyo inotenderera Proxima Centauri. Kutenderera mukati memamiriyoni matanhatu emakiromita enyeredzi, 6 kana 1% yechinhambwe kubva kuNyika kuenda kuZuva, pasi rine tembiricha yepasi inofungidzirwa kusvika 4 K (inenge 1500 ° C).
Zvekuferefetwa kwevamwe mapuraneti ari muhurongwa, iyo ACESat cosmic telescope iri mumabasa. Kana iwe uchida rumwe ruzivo nezve nzvimbo iyi system, shanyira chinyorwa nezve chinhambwe cheAlpha Centauri kubva kuPasi.
Saizvozvowo, Alpha Centauri A nyeredzi yeyero yakafanana zvikuru neZuva, uye Alpha Centauri B inyeredzi yorudzi rweorenji yaK. Vaviri vanotamba pamwe chete mukati memakore angangoita 80. Iine orbital kosi ye79,91 makore, zvikamu A uye B zveiyi binary system inoswedera kune imwe neimwe kune minuscule 11,2 Zvikamu zvekudenga, iyo inokosha makiromita 1670 mamiriyoni kana kuti chinhambwe chinorehwa pakati peZuva neSaturn.
Kuve iyo yakanyanya nzira pakati pezviviri nyeredzi 35,6 AU (5300 mabhiriyoni emakiromita, chinhambwe chipfupi pakati peZuva nePluto). Sezvo vachiedzesera vanhu vakawanda, vanotenderera nzvimbo iri muchadenga inoda kuenzana, inonzi pakati pehuwandu. Muchirevo chenyeredzi uye maitiro adzo, tinokurudzira kuti uverenge nezve nyeredzi dzine hunhu.
Nyeredzi yechitatu ndiyo Proxima Centauri, iyo yaizomhanya pamwe chete nembiri dzakapfuura pamusoro penzira yakarebesa, munzvimbo yakakura ine kunyanyisa zvekuti zvinopokana kana yakanyatsobatanidzwa nehurongwa; Nekudaro, nyeredzi nhatu dzese dzine parallax yakafanana uye yazvino. Iine puraneti ine matombo munzira yayo iri padyo, Proxima Centauri b, ine mukana wekutambira mvura yemvura.
2 Mhando dzeAlpha Centauri
2 Mhando dzeAlpha Centauri
Dzimwe mhando dze alphas Ndizvo:
Alpha Centauri A
Alpha Centauri A is a nyeredzi chimwe chinhu chinopenya, chikuru uye chikuru kupfuura Zuva, chemhando yerima chakafanana nacho. Inorongwa se yellow dwarf. Zvichibva pazviyero zvakatenderedzwa zvakatenderedzwa, Alpha Centauri A ine simba negumi muzana kupfuura Zuva, ine radius inosvika 10%. Kutenderera kwakarongwa kwenyeredzi iyi kunosvika 23 ± 2,7 km/s, zvichiita kuti ifungidzirwe nguva yemazuva makumi maviri nemaviri, ichipa nguva yekumhanya zvishoma yekudzoka kubva kuZuva kupfuura mazuva makumi maviri nemashanu.
Alpha Centauri B
Alpha Centauri B inyeredzi huru yeorenji yakabatana naAlpha Centauri A. Zera rayo rakada kufanana neremumwe wayo, izvo zvinoita kuti tifungidzire kuti nyeredzi dzese dzakamera pamwechete. Inotsanangurwa seyeorenji dwarf.
Iko kumisikidzwa kweiyi sisitimu uye kuenzanisa kwayo nevamwe inogona kunakidza kune avo vanoongorora iyo hunhu hwemapoka enyeredzi.
Planetary system
Musi waGumiguru 16, 2012, European Southern Observatory (ESO) yakashuma kuzarurirwa kwepasi rekunze kwezuva riri mu orbit pedyo. Alpha Centauri B, iyo yakatora zita rekuti Alpha Centauri Bb. Yakawanikwa pachishandiswa HARPS yakakwirira-yechokwadi Échelle spectrograph paLa Silla Observatory muChile.
Nehuwandu hunofungidzirwa hwakafanana neiyo ye Pasi, inotenderera nyeredzi yayo pachinhambwe chemakiromita anosvika mamiriyoni matanhatu uye inoita nzendo ichipoterera nyeredzi yayo anenge mazuva 3,2 oga oga. Kuwanikwa uku kwakakosha, kwete nekuda kwekuderera kwehuremu hwepasi, asiwo nekuti iyi exoplanet inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo iri padyo nesolar system yeanopfuura mazana masere nemakumi maviri akawanikwa. Tichifunga nezve kuswedera kwayo, yakakosha kune zvidzidzo pa Biography Isaac Asimov uye pesvedzero yaro pangano dzesayenzi.
Chinzvimbo chinogona kudzoserwa nesimba, sezvo hurongwa hutatu hweAlpha Centauri huri pedyo neZuva redu. Saizvozvowo, sezvo masisitimu ane mapuraneti erudzi urwu achidzokorora kuva neanopfuura imwe chete yawo, kugarisana kunogoneka kwedzimwe nyeredzi dzeanaroji hakuna akapatsanurwa marudzi muinotenderera zvakanyanya. kure ne pakati star, kunyange zvazvo dzichingori kufungisisa.
THE POLAR nyeredzi: RAmangwana risina chokwadi KANA KUTANGA KWEHUPENYU HUTSHA?
Planet Candidate
Zviyero zvitsva zvakaratidza zvinogoneka kuonekwa kwe exoplanet mu orbit yeAlpha Centauri B, zvisinei, haisati yasimbiswa. Nyika yaizove iri 4,4 light years kure nePasi uye yaisazovapo munzvimbo chaiyo. Yakatanga kucherechedzwa muna 2013, uye yaive yechipiri exoplanet kuwanikwa muhurongwa, kuseri kweAlpha Centauri Bb. Yaizove nechikamu che orbital chemazuva gumi nemaviri ePasi, idiki kwazvo pane yeMercury.
Proxima Centauri
Iyo idiki dzvuku ine kupatsanurwa kudiki kwekupenya kweZuva redu, panguva ino, inosvika zviuru gumi nezvitatu zveAU kubva kuAlpha Centauri A+B system, uye nerombo rakanaka, orbital focus iri kutarisana nesu, izvo zvinoita kuti, panguva ino, ive nyeredzi iri pedyo zvikuru nesolar system, iri chinhambwe chingangoita 4,2 light years. Vesainzi vanozvipa zera ringangoita bhiriyoni remakore.
Zvimwe Proxima Centauri Yakanga isiri chikamu chehurongwa uye yakasungwa kwenguva pfupi nevamwe vaviri. Hapana orbital data inokurukurwa, chete kuti ingangove iri kutenderera pedyo neAlpha Centauri A+B nenguva inosvika zviuru mazana mashanu emakore kana kupfuura. Anogona kutobuda muhurongwa nekufamba kwenguva. Saizvozvo, inyeredzi inopenya, uye nekudaro inotora zita rekuchinja nyeredzi V500 Centauri.
kuvapo kwemapuraneti
Kwenguva yakareba yaifungidzirwa kuti kusikwa kwemapuraneti kwaigona kuitika muhurongwa huno, zvisinei, kusvika muna 2012 pakanga pasina data pamusoro pekuvapo kwavo. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti kana paine mapuraneti, aizowanikwa mune imwe nzira inorambidza, sezvo giravhiti renyeredzi iri pedyo yaibva yapwanya nzira dzavo.
Chaizvoizvo, kutarisa mamiriro eiyo orbits yakasimba muAlpha Centauri system Idambudziko risina pakati nepakati, sezvo munhu achifanira kudzidza pamusoro pemigumisiro yegiravhiti pamitumbi mitatu panguva imwe chete. Muchirevo chekuumbwa kwemapuraneti masisitimu, unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve sei comets ichipenya.
Nekudaro, kuferefetwa kwakaitwa pakuenzanisa kunoratidzika kuratidza kuti vanogara mumigwagwa yakagadzikana kusvika ku2 AU kana pasi orbit imwe ye primordial nyeredzi mundege imwechete iyo yavanokunguruka, uye chete kusvika ku0,23 AU kune yakajairika orbits; uye kubva ku70 AU kana ichitenderera zvose panguva imwe chete; mapuraneti angave ane nzira dzakatsiga pasi pemamiriro aya panguva yehupenyu hwavo.
Mukupedzisa, isu tinofanirwa kunyatsodzidza Alpha Centauri uye tsvakiridzo yayo maererano ne kugadzirwa kwetsva nyika.