Mimhanzi yechiLatin inomuka ichichema: muridzi wetromboni, munyori wenziyo uye mutungamiriri weorchestra Willie Colón afa ava nemakore makumi manomwe nemashanu muNew YorkGuta raakaberekerwa uye raakabatsira kushandura nhoroondo yesalsa nekusingaperi. Nhau idzi, dzakasimbiswa nemhuri yake mumashoko akaburitswa pasocial media, dzapararira semoto pakati pevateveri nevaimbi pasi rese.
Muimbi, anoonekwa mumwe wevagadziri vakuru veSalsa yemumagutaAkafira muchipatara chiri munzvimbo yeBronx mushure mekupinzwa muchipatara mumazuva achangopfuura nekuda kwematambudziko ehutano ane chekuita nechirwere ichi. matambudziko ekufema uye emwoyoVadikanwi vake vakasimbirira kuti muimbi uyu akafa murunyararo, akakomberedzwa nevanhu vaaida zvikuru, ukuwo nhaka yake ichiri kunzwika munharaunda, mitambo, uye mumakonzati muAmerica neEurope.
Mashoko emhuri: kuoneka kwerunyararo kuhofori yesalsa
Mhuri yaColumbus yakaburitsa meseji ichizivisa ne "Kusuwa kukuru" parufu rwemuimbiChirevo chacho chakasimbisa kuti mutambi wetromboni "afa murunyararo mangwanani ano, akakomberedzwa nemhuri yake yaaida." Muchinyorwa chimwe chete ichocho, vadikanwi vake vakasimbisa kuti, kunyange zvazvo vachichema kusavapo kwake, vanobatirira ku "chipo chisingaperi" chebasa rake uye ndangariro dzaakasiya kuzvizvarwa zvakati wandei zvevateereri.
Mutsamba iyoyo, yakasainwa nehama dzake, inogona kuverengwa kuti Vanokoshesa minyengetero yavo uye rutsigiro rwavo yakagamuchirwa kubva kumativi akasiyana epasi uye yakakumbira zvakananga kuremekedza zvakavanzika zvemhuri Mumazuva ano ekuchema. Shoko iri rapararira mumaawa mashoma uye rave richiparadzirwa nevezvenhau nevanyori muLatin America yese, United States, pamwe nenharaunda yevaHispanic muEurope.
Muimbi, ane zita rake rakazara rainzi William Anthony Columbus RomanAkanga apinda muchipatara kuLawrence Hospital muBronxville mushure mekunge hutano hwake hwaderera. Mhuri yake neshamwari dzake dzakaratidza kushushikana mumakore achangopfuura, kunyanya mushure metsaona yemotokari yaakasangana nayo muna 2021 nemukadzi wake Julia kuNorth Carolina, chiitiko chakamusiya aine migumisiro inogara kwenguva refu uye chakamumanikidza kuti asanyanya kuoneka paruzhinji.
Maawa apfuura, chirevo chemhuri chakava chisimbiso cherufu rwemuimbi uyu, chichibvisa makuhwa uye chichiratidza manzwiro emamiriyoni evateveri avo, kubva pakabudiswa kwacho, vakazara nenhau dzezvemagariro evanhu. mashoko ekutenda, nyaya dzekare, uye mabutiro emaalbum ake ekare.
Kubva kuBronx kuenda kunyika: hupenyu hwe "Nuyorican" akachinja mimhanzi yechiLatin
Akazvarwa musi wa28 Kubvumbi, 1950 muSouth Bronx, mwanakomana nemuzukuru wevanhu vekuPuerto RicaWillie Colón akakurira munzvimbo ine vanhu vanobva kuLatin America, rusaruraganda, uye tsika dzakanaka dzemunharaunda dzevashandi vemuNew York. Munzvimbo iyi yakaorera, pakati pemimhanzi yeCaribbean ichirira kubva pamahwindo uye mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emumigwagwa, hunhu hweimwe yenheyo dzesalsa hwakaumbwa.
Ambuya vake Antonia, avo iye pachake akavatsanangura se“musikana wekumaruwa anobva kuManatíAkaita basa guru mukukura kwake pachezvake uye muunyanzvi. Ndiye iye akaita basa iri Akamudzidzisa chiSpanish, akamudzidzisa kudada kwake nePuerto Rico Uye aimuyeuchidza zuva nezuva kuti, kunyange zvazvo akaberekerwa muUnited States, kuzivikanwa kwake kwakabatana zvikuru nechitsuwa ichi. Ndiye zvakare akamupa hwamanda yake yekutanga paaiva nemakore gumi nerimwe chete, chinhu chaizochinja zvikuru nekufamba kwenguva munhoroondo yemimhanzi yechiLatin.
Columbus akatanga nehwamanda, akaenderera mberi nehwamanda nenyere, asi Pakupedzisira akawana maitiro ake chaiwo mutromboneChiridzwa chaaishandisa kugadzira ruzha rwehasha, rwemumaguta, uye panguva imwe chete rwakadzika midzi rweCaribbean. Paaiva kuyaruka akanga atove achitamba mumakona emigwagwa nemumakirabhu muBronx ukuwo vanhu vakaita se Eddie Palmieri, Tito Puente kana Ray Barretto Vakabatanidza izvo zvakazozivikanwa sesalsa gare gare.
Mukomana iyeye akasangana nerusaruraganda muma1950 nema1960—apo rusaruraganda rwaive chokwadi munzvimbo zhinji dzeUnited States—pakupedzisira akazova mumwe wevanhu vanozivikanwa zvikuru munharaunda dzeLatino, achiumba Nhoroondo dzemimhanzi pamusoro pekutama, kusaenzana, uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva izvo zvakabatana nevateereri kumativi ese eAtlantic.
Kushanda pamwe chete naHéctor Lavoe uye kuberekwa kwe "Bad Guy from the Bronx"
Basa raWillie Colón rebasa rakatanga kare kare: ne Aine makore gumi nematanhatu ekuberekwa, akarekodha dambarefu rake rekutanga, "El Malo," muna 1967., pasi peFania Records label. Kutanga uku, kwakaitwa pamwe chete nemuimbi Héctor Lavoe, kwakava kutanga kweimwe ye duo dzine simba guru munhoroondo ye salsa.
Iko kusanganisa kwe Trombone ine hukasha yaColumbus pamwe chete nenzwi raLavoe rinonzwika serinoyerera mumugwagwa uye risina ruremekedzo Izvi zvakakonzera ruzha rutsva zvachose, ruchibuda nemimhanzi yakashongedzwa yaMambo neMwanakomana kuti vagamuchire runako rwevashandi, rwakaita serwakabuda mufirimu rematsotsi. Mufananidzo we "bad boy" wavakaratidza pamakavha ema album uye pamakonzati wakasimbisa ngano yavo, kusvika pakuti Colón pachake akazozivikanwa sa "Munhu Akaipa kubva kuBronx".
Kubatana ikoko kwakagadzira maalbum akakosha akadai se "Chinhu Chedu" (1969) kana kuti "Kutiza Kukuru" (1970)uye runyorwa rurefu rwenziyo dzemimhanzi dzichiri kurira padanho rekutamba resalsa muSpain, Italy, France, kana Germany. Nziyo dzakadai sedzimwe nziyo dzemimhanzi "Mugwagwa weMwedzi, Mugwagwa weZuva", "Che Che Colé", "Ambuya", "Zuva reRombo Rangu", "Murga" kana kuti "Juana Peña" Dzakava nziyo dzemimhanzi dzevaLatin vari kunze kwenyika uye dzakaparadzirwa zvakanyanya panhepfenyuro dzeEurope dzakanyanya kukosha mumakore ekuma1970 ne1980.
Vatsoropodzi nenyanzvi vanobvumirana kuti, naLavoe, Colón akagadzira rudzi rwesalsa yemumaguta, nyaya isina kunaka uye yakadzamaZvichibva pakurongwa kwakasimba kwetrombone nemashoko asingatyisidzire divi rakaoma rehupenyu muBarrios, nguva ino yakakosha kuti vazhinji vanzwisise kukwira kwakatevera kwesalsa dura mumaguta eEurope akadai seMadrid, Barcelona, Paris, neLondon.
Kubatana naRubén Blades uye kukanganisa kwepasi rose kwe "Siembra"
Mushure menguva yakaoma zvikuru naLavoe, Willie Colón akatanga imwe mubatanidzwa wenhoroondo, panguva ino nemuimbi-munyori wenziyo wePanama Rubén mashizhaMuna 1977 akaiburitsa pa album iyi "Kubatanidzwa"gwaro rekutanga rezvaizouya. Gore rakatevera, vese vaizoburitsa "Kudyara" (1978), inoonekwa nevakawanda sealbum yesalsa inonyanya kukosha kupfuura dzose.
"Kudyara" kwakava album yakatengeswa zvakanyanya muFania Records catalog uye, maererano nemamwe mabhuku akawanda ane hunyanzvi, ndiyo album yesalsa inotengeswa zvakanyanya munhoroondo, ine nhamba dzinodarika mamiriyoni matatu emakopi pasi rose. Simba rayo rakakura muLatin America nemunzanga yeLatino yeUnited States, asi rakanzwikawo zvakanyanya muEurope, uko vateveri veLatin jazz nemimhanzi yepasi rose vakaisa dambarefu iri muunganidzwa wavo wepakutanga.
Chidimbu chinonyanya kufarirwa paalbum ndeche "Pedro Navaja"Nyaya yemaminitsi manomwe pamusoro pematsotsi, chipfambi, uye kurarama mumaguta, yakafuridzirwa netsika dzemabhuku ekuEurope uye mareferensi akadai se Kafka kana Kurt WeillAlbum iyi yakazadzwa nenziyo dzakadai se "Purasitiki", kutsoropodzwa kwakananga kwekushandisa zvinhu nepfungwa dzezvinhu zvenyama, uye "Kudyara" pachako, uko kunonyatsoongorora kuzvipira kwevaviri ava mune zvematongerwo enyika nemagariro evanhu.
NaBlades, Colón akatora rimwe danho mukutsvaga kwake salsa ine zvematongerwo enyika, zvemagariro evanhu uye zvehupenyuzvichiratidza kuti rudzi urwu rwemimhanzi rwaigona kupfuura mimhanzi yekutamba chete. Kuchinja uku kwaizoonekwa pakupedzisira mukuonekwa kwaiitwa salsa mumayunivhesiti, mitambo yemimhanzi yepasi rose, uye matunhu etsika muEurope, uko kwakatanga kudzidzwa nekuda kwekubatsira kwayo mumimhanzi uye nekuda kwehukuru hwayo senhoroondo yemaguta.
Basa remunhu ari ega, kushanda pamwe chete uye katarogu hombe
Kupfuura kushanda pamwe chete kwake munhoroondo, Willie Colón akavaka basa rekuita uri wega rine zvakawandaKuongorora kubatanidzwa kwemimhanzi yejazz, rock, nedzimwe nziyo dzeAfro-Caribbean. Maalbum akaita se "Vakanaka, Vakaipa uye Vakashata" (1975) o "Solo" (1988) Vanoratidza chishuwo chavo chekuendesa salsa kunzvimbo dzisina kujairika, vachitamba nemitambo yakakura uye kurongeka kwakaoma.
Munguva iyoyo akarekodha dzimwe dzenziyo dzake dzisingakanganwiki semuimbi ari ega, kusanganisira "Munhu Mukuru", "O, Chii Chichaitika", "Rudo Rwechokwadi", "Idyll", "Gypsy" kana kuti “Terevhizheni Talent”. Nziyo idzi dzakawanda dzichiri kukosha mumaseti esalsa DJ mumakirabhu muMadrid, Valencia, Lisbon kana Berlin, uye dzakanyorwa nemapoka eEuropean orchestras ane hunyanzvi mumimhanzi yekare yerudzi urwu.
Muhupenyu hwake hwese hwebasa, nhoroondo dzinosiyana zvichienderana nekwakabva, asi nhamba dzinobvumirana kuti Akaburitsa maalbum anopfuura makumi matatu —mune dzimwe nguva anonzi akaita mabasa anopfuura makumi mana—, akasvika makopi ari pakati pemamiriyoni masere nemakumi matatu akatengeswa uye yakaunganidzwa Zvinyorwa zvakawanda zveGoridhe nePlatinumAivewo mumwe wevanhu vakasarudzwa kuti vatore chikamu mumakwikwi aya. Grammy neLatin Grammy, uye akagamuchira rukudzo rwekuremekedza nekuda kwebasa rake.
Basa rake harina kungogumira pastudio nepachikuva chete: akapindawo mu cinema uye terevhizheniMumitambo yakaita se "Vigilante", "The Last Fight", "Salsa", "Miami Vice" kana kuti telenovela "La intrusa", iyo yakabatsira kuparadzira mufananidzo wake nemimhanzi yake mumisika umo salsa yaive ichiri chiitiko chiri kubuda, kusanganisira nyika dzeEurope uko mitambo iyi yairatidzwa yakadhindwa kana kuti yakanyorwa pasi pemusoro wenyaya.
Kuzvipira munharaunda, zvematongerwo enyika, uye inzwi risingafadzi
Pamwe chete nebasa rake rekuimba, Willie Colón akaramba achiita basa rake kwemakumi emakore. kuzvipira kwakasimba kumakakatanwa ezvemagariro evanhu nezvematongerwo enyikaKubva achiri mudiki, aizivikanwa nekurwira kodzero dzevanhu muUnited States, mamiriro ezvinhu evanhu vemuLatino munzvimbo dzaisachengetedzwa, uye kusarongeka kwaaiona kwakamupoteredza.
Kunetseka ikoko kwakapinda mumashoko ake mazhinji, kunyanya panguva yaaiva naRubén Blades, kwaakataura misoro yakaita sehuori, mhirizhonga mumaguta, hunyengeri munharaunda, uye kutama kwevanhuMunzvimbo yemasangano, akatanga kuita mabasa everuzhinji muNew York, nezviitiko zvakaita sebasa rake mumunda wetsika dzemuno, uye akabatanidzwa muzvirongwa nemabasa ekudzivirira nharaunda yevaLatino.
Mumakore achangopfuura, ake social media chiitiko Zvakakonzerawo gakava. Columbus akataura pachena maonero ake ezvematongerwo enyika, dzimwe nguva ainyanya kuchengetedza tsika, achitosvika pakutaura kuti rutsigiro rwakasununguka kuna Donald Trump nemitemo yake yekutama kwevanhu vakawandaIzvi zvakaita kuti atsoropodzwe kunyangwe nevamwe vevateveri vake. Zvisinei, maitiro aya haana kuderedza kuremekedzwa kwehunyanzvi hwake, kunyange zvazvo akagadzira kupatsanurwa kwezvizvarwa nevamwe vevateereri vatsva vechiLatin uye nevanyori vemumaguta avo, zvinoshamisa, vakanga vafemerwa nenhaka yake yemimhanzi.
Saka, chimiro chake chinobatanidzwa ne musanganiswa wakaoma wekushingaira, kushoropodzwa kwevanhu, uye maonero ezvematongerwo enyika anokakavadzanaMuunganidzwa uyu, pane kurerutsa chimiro chake, unomuratidza semuimbi akabatanidzwa zvakanyanya muchokwadi chaimupoteredza, kunyangwe mafungiro ake aisagadzikana.
Kupesvedzera kwezvizvarwa zvitsva uye kudzokororwa kwacho muSpain neEurope
Kubudirira kwaWillie Colón kunopfuura maalbum ake ekare. Mabasa ake ave yakatsigirwa nezvizvarwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanyori vechiLatin nevekuEuropeavo vakaona maari muenzaniso wekubatanidza hunyanzvi hwakanaka, hunhu hwetsika uye nyaya dzemumaguta.
Mumakore achangopfuura, mazita emumaguta akavandudza marongerwo awo nekunyora kwawo. Rauw Alejandro akatotora sampuli "Qué Lío"Rwiyo rwaColón naLavoe rwakaitwa muna 1968, rwuri murwiyo rwemusoro wedambarefu rake rinonzi “Cosa Nuestra” (2025), rwunoreva zvakananga nezve salsa universe yemakore ekuma1960. Vagadziri vakaita saizvozvi. Nusar3000 Mubvunzurudzo, vakaratidza runako rwemakoramu esalsa ekuma1970 ne1980, kusanganisira akati wandei akanyorwa naColón, senzira yekukurudzira mapurojekiti emazuva ano.
Chiitiko ichi hachisi chekuAmerica chete. MuSpain, simba raColumbus rinoonekwa mu nzvimbo yesalsa mumaguta akaita seMadrid, Barcelona kana Valenciauko zvikoro zvekutamba, nzvimbo dzakatsaurirwa, uye mitambo yeLatin rhythm inowanzova nenziyo dzavo. Maorchestra anogarapo uye mapoka eEuropean hard salsa anosanganisira nziyo dzekare dzakadai se "Pedro Navaja," "El Gran Varón," "Idilio," uye "Gitana" munziyo dzavo.
Kunyangwe mumimhanzi yepop nemimhanzi yemumaguta, zita rake rakaramba richionekwa. Bad Bunny anotaura nezvake murwiyo "Nueva Yol"Nemutsara unoti “Willie Colón vanonditi El Malo, nekuti makore anofamba uye ndichiri kuhwina jackpot,” chiratidzo che album ya1967 iyo Benito pachake akaita panguva yekuratidzira kwakakurumbira kweSuper Bowl. Kunyangwe Colón akataura pachena kusabvumirana kwake nemamwe emimhanzi mitsva yemumaguta, kuzivikanwa kwebasa rake neunyanzvi kuri pachena.
Munharaunda yemimhanzi yepasi rose yeEurope, nhaka yake yakadzidzwa mu mapurogiramu eredhiyo akasarudzika, nhepfenyuro dzeyunivhesiti uye mitambo yetsika dzakasiyanaKune vateereri vazhinji muSpain nedzimwe nyika dziri mukondinendi, zvinyorwa zvake zvaive nzira yekuenda kusalsa dura nenhoroondo yeFania, zvichibatanidza ruzivo rwenharaunda dzeLatino dzeNew York nehupenyu hwevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika hunowanzoonekwa mumaguta ekuEurope.
Mhinduro kubva kunyika yemimhanzi: kubva kuCaribbean kusvika kumadanho ekuEurope
Mushure memashoko erufu rwaWillie Colón, nyika yemimhanzi yakazara neruremekedzo rweveruzhinji. Vamwe vaimbi, vaimbi vechidiki, uye vanhu vane chekuita nesalsa nedzimwe mhando dzemimhanzi vakaratidza kusuruvara kwavo nekuyemura kwavo mumashoko akagoverwa pasocial media nenhau.
MuPanama Rubén Blades akasimbisa rufu rwake nezvewaaimboshanda naye uye akabvuma kuti inyaya dzaaisada kutenda. Mumeseji yake, akatumira mashoko ake enyaradzo kumukadzi waColón, Julia, vana vake, nemhuri yake yese, uye akati, kana awana nguva yakawanda, achanyora nezve "nhaka yemimhanzi inokosha uye yakakosha" inosiyiwa nemutambi wetromboni.
Muimbi we merengue Elvis crespo Akanyora kuti "nhasi matrombone eBronx anondikurudzira kutenda Mwari nehupenyu nekundibvumira kunzwa hunyanzvi hwemuimbi akataura kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwake nekunzwisisa kwake," uye akasimbisa kuti simba raColón "rakadzika" mundangariro dzake nemumoyo make. Kubva kuPuerto Rico, Victor Manuelle Akayeuka kuti "zvakare nyika yesalsa inorasikirwa nemumwe wevanhu vayo vanonyanya kuzivikanwa, 'Murume Akaipa kubva kuBronx' Willie Colón," nepo Jerry rivera Akatsanangura muimbi uyu se "muPuerto Rico mukuru akachinja trombone kuita mureza uye nharaunda kuita symphony."
Anotonga wilfrido vargas Akasimbisa kuti Colón aive ne "chimurenga, hunhu, uye ushingi hwehunyanzvi," "mugadziri weruzha rwechiLatin" uyo, pamwe chete naJohnny Pacheco naJerry Masucci, vakabatsira kugadzira sangano rakachinja mimhanzi uye rakapa salsa mukana wevanhu vose. Sekureva kwaVargas, nhaka yake haisi yedunhu rimwe chete, "asi yevanhu," nekuti mimhanzi yake inoramba ichirira "muorchestra yega yega, munharaunda yega yega, padanho rega rega apo mimhanzi yeLatin inobatidza mweya."
Artists like Marc Anthony kana kuti Oscar D'LeónVaya vanogara vachienda kuEurope uye vaine vateveri vakawanda muSpain, vakabatanawo mumhemberero idzi. Anthony akagovana mufananidzo naColón, achimutenda nenhaka yake uye achiyeuchidza munhu wese kuti mimhanzi yake "inorarama nekusingaperi," ukuwo D'León akataura kunharaunda yeBronx, Puerto Rico, neLatin America yese achichema kufa kwe "hofori" uye achisimbisa kuti, kunyangwe salsa iri kuchema nhasi, basa rake richaramba richizadza nzvimbo dzekutambira pasi rese.
Panguva iyi, mumaguta akaita se Madrid, Barcelona, Paris kana AmsterdamNzvimbo dzakawanda dzakatsaurirwa kumimhanzi yesalsa neLatin dzakazivisa manheru akakosha ekuremekedza Colón, nemisangano yakatsaurirwa kumimhanzi yake yakakurumbira uye mimhanzi yakaunganidzwa kwemakore anopfuura makumi matanhatu ebasa rake. Vagadziri vemapurogiramu akawanda emitambo yeEurope vakataura chinangwa chavo chekuisa mhemberero dzepamutemo muzvinyorwa zvavo zvinotevera.
Rufu rwaWillie Colón runopedzisa nhoroondo yehupenyu hwemunhu anomiririra, sevamwe vashoma, Nhoroondo yesalsa neLatin diaspora muzana remakore rechi20Asi simba rake rinoramba riripo zvikuru: muma orchestra anoridza nziyo dzake, muvaimbi vemumaguta vanomutora mashoko ake, mumakirabhu ekuEurope uko "Pedro Navaja" inoridzwa nenzwi guru, uye kune avo, kubva chero kupi zvako pasi rose, vanozviona munyaya idzodzo dzenharaunda, kutama, uye kuramba kwaaiziva kushandura kuita mimhanzi.