Mumwedzi yapfuura, masocial media azere ne Mavhidhiyo evechiri kuyaruka vane masiki, miswe, uye mafambiro emhuka Vanozviratidza se "vaTheri". Kwete kungoseka kana kungozvivanza kamwe chete, vanotsanangura chiitiko ichi sehunhu hwemukati mavo umo vanonzwa kuti chikamu chavo, muchokwadi, imhuka isiri munhu.
Chiitiko ichi, icho pakutanga chingaratidzika sechimwe chinhu chinopfuura paindaneti, chakaita kuti midzi yekare kupfuura inofungidzirwa nevakawanda Uye zviri kukonzera kuda kuziva, kuvhiringidzika, uye kunetseka pakati pemhuri nevadzidzisi. Kunyange hazvo vamwe vachizviona seimwe nzira yekuongorora kuti ndivanaani, vamwe vanoshamisika kuti mitsetse iripo pakati pekutamba, kuzivikanwa, uye hutano hwepfungwa.
Zvinorevei kuva muterian uye izwi iri rinobva kupi?
Kunyange zvazvo mubhayoloji izwi iri "Therian" inoshandiswa kureva boka remhuka dzinoyamwisa (Theria, iyo inosanganisira marsupial nemadzitateguru avo), kushandiswa kuri kuitwa nevechidiki iko zvino hakuna chekuita nedzidzo yemhuka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aripo iye zvino, theria vanhu vanoti kuzivana mupfungwa, mumweya, kana nechiratidzo nemhuka isiri munhu, vasingatende kuti miviri yavo yenyama inorega kuva munhu.
Izwi iri rinobva kuna "therianthropy", yakaumbwa kubva muchiGiriki chekare "therion" (mhuka kana mhuka yemusango) uye "anthropos" (munhu)Mutsika, zvaireva kugona kushanduka kuita mhuka, kunyanya munyaya dzengano dzemapere kana zvimwe zvisikwa zvakasanganiswa. Munharaunda yanhasi, "shanduko" iyi inonzwisiswa zvakanyanya se ruzivo rwemukati rwekuzivikanwa pane kuchinja chaiko kwemuviri.
Vatendi vazhinji vanotsanangura kuti, kunyange zvazvo vachinyatsoziva kuti miviri yavo ndeyemunhu, vanofunga kuti "mweya" wayo, hunhu hwayo kana software yemukati Ndeyemhuka chaiyo. Ndizvo zvavanoti "Theriotype": mhuka yavanonzwa vakabatana nayo zvakanyanya, ingave mhumhi, katsi, gava, imbwa kana rumwe rudzi, kazhinji mhuka dzinoyamwisa.
Sekureva kwevatungamiriri vepamhepo vanobva munharaunda pachayo, kuzivikanwa uku kunowanzo kuve Inotanga kuonekwa pakati pemakore gumi kusvika gumi nematanhatu.Kune vamwe vechidiki, inoramba iri nhanho yekuongorora iyo inozopedzisira yanyangarika; kune vamwe, inova chinhu chakagadzikana chavanoona sechinhu chikuru chezvavari.
Chiitiko chakazvarwa pa internet icho chiri kusvetukira munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana
Kunyangwe hazvo kutariswa kwenhau kwasvika ikozvino, sangano reTherian Hazvina kutanga paTikTokKwakatangira kubva ku Makore ekuma90 mumaforamu eUsenet nemapoka enhau, semunhu ane mukurumbira alt.horror.werewolvesNzvimbo iyoyo, pakutanga yaifanirwa kuitirwa vateveri venyaya dzemapere, yakazopedzisira yava nzvimbo yekusangana nevanhu vaiti vanonzwa semapere pamweya kana mupfungwa, kwete ngano.
Nekufamba kwenguva, nharaunda yakashanduka. "Mapere" ekufananidzira akarega kuoneka ndokutanga kusanganisira... katsi, katsi hombe, imbwa, makava, mabheya, shiri, kana kunyange zvinokambairaSaka izwi rekuti "therian" rakavambwa uye vanhu vakagovana hunhu hwavo vakabatanidzwa mumaforamu, mablog, nemawebhusaiti akasarudzika, ayo aishanda se nzvimbo dzisingazivikanwe dzekugovana ruzivo.
Kufambira mberi kubva patsika dzakasiyana kuenda kune dzakajairika kunouya nema network akaita se TikTok, Instagram kana YouTubeMaitiro ekugadzira zvinhu anowanzo kurudzira zviri mukati zvinoyevedza, uye zvinhu zvishoma zvinopa mafungiro akawanda sekuona boka revechidiki. kumhanya nemakumbo mana, nemiswe yakashongedzwa nemaoko nemasiki emhuka pakati pepaki. Zvaimbove zvichingoitwa pamaforamu zvino zvava kuratidzwa pamamiriyoni emascreen.
MuLatin America —kunyanya mu Argentina, Mexico, Uruguay, Chile kana Peru— chiitiko ichi chave chichipararira pasocial media kwenguva yakati. MuEurope, kunyanya muSpain, kuvapo kwacho kwaive kwakavanzika uye kwairatidza kusaziva, asi mumwedzi yapfuura kwakawedzera. kuungana kwevanhu munzvimbo dzezvikwereti, minda nemapaki.
Maguta akadai Girona, Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Valencia kana A Coruña Nzvimbo idzi dzakatoita magungano akarongwa kuburikidza neTikTok nedzimwe nzvimbo. Semuenzaniso, muA Coruña, vechidiki vanobva kusangano re "Therian" vakakokwa kuminda yeMéndez Núñez kuti "vatambe" uye "vasvetuke," pasinei - sekureva kwevarongi - neruvengo nekushoropodzwa kwavakaitwa pasocial media. Kumwe kuungana kwakaziviswa muVigo, nepo kuungana muLugo kwakamiswa nekuda kwekutyisidzirwa kwainzi.
Zvakaita sei kuva Therian: mamasiki, maquadrobics, uye "mashifts"
Kune avo vari chikamu chesangano iri, kuva muTherian kunoonekwa zuva nezuva semusanganiswa we kuzivikanwa kwemukati uye mutauro wemuviriHazvisi zvekupfeka zvipfeko nguva dzose: vazhinji vanorarama hupenyu "hwakajairika" kunze kwechikoro, vanoenda kumakirasi kana kubasa, uye vanotaurirana nevamwe sevamwe vese.
Kubatana kwemhuka ikoko kunoonekwa zvakanyanya pane dzimwe nguva, izvo zvinonzi nenharaunda "kuchinja" (kuchinja)Munguva dzezviitiko izvozvo, vanoti vanoona kugadzirisa pfungwa dzavo, mafungiro avo, kana mafungiro avo kune mhuka yavo: vakangwarira, vanotya, vanotamba, kana kuti vane nharaunda yakawanda, zvichienderana nechiitiko chacho. Hazvirevi kurasikirwa nechokwadi, asi kuchinja kwekutarisa mukati.
Kuti vashandurire chiitiko ichocho munyika yepanyama, vazhinji vanoshandisa Masiki, nzeve, miswe, mahanesi kana zvipfeko zvakagadzirwa nemaoko zvine runako rwemhukaVamwe vanotora danho rinotevera voita zvekudzidzira quadrobicsItsika yekusvetuka-svetuka nekufamba-famba pamakumbo ese mana iyo inosanganisa kurovedza muviri, kubatana, uye chimwe chinhu chekutamba. Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa pamisangano. kukotama, kumhanya, kukambaira, kusvetuka pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi, kana kutaurirana kuburikidza nezviratidzo nemanzwi vanobatanidzwa nemhuka dzavo.
Pasinei nemufananidzo une mavara uye unokwezva maziso, chikamu chevanhu munharaunda chinoti Hazvisi zvemutambo cheteVamwe vanhu vanoshandisa zvinhu zvavo zvemazuva ano uye vanorarama hupenyu hwavo vari vega, vasina kurekodha mavhidhiyo. Vamwe vanozvironga kuita "mapoka" kuti vataurirane, vagovane zviitiko, uye vawane nzvimbo yavanonzwa vasina kutongwa zvakanyanya.
Kunze kwenzvimbo chaiyo, internet inoramba iri chinhu chakakosha. Maforamu, mablog, mawebhusaiti eruzivo, uye mawiki akasarudzika - dzimwe nguva akabatana neinternet kana kuti ane hukama hwepedyo neinternet - zvese zvakakosha. fandom ine mvere, seWikiFur—inoshanda senzvimbo yeruzivo uye yekutsigirana. Ikoko, pfungwa dzinotsanangurwa, mibvunzo inogovaniswa, uye kuyedzwa kunoitwa kutsvaga mhinduro. kutaura nezvechiitiko chave chichiitika nevakawanda kubvira vachiri vadiki kana vasati vasvika pazera rekuyaruka.
Therian, otherkin uye musiyano ne'furries'
Mukati menyika ino, maTheriani chikamu cheboka guru rinozivikanwa se "zvimwe"Sekureva kwenyanzvi yezvepfungwa yeCatalan Cristina Agud, izwi iri rinosanganisira vanhu vane Kunzwa kuti uri munhu chaiye hakusi kwemunhu chete. uye avo vanozvibatanidza, zvishoma kana zvachose, neimwe mhando kana kunyangwe nezvisikwa zvinoshamisa. Saka dzidziso yeTherianism yaizova boka diki rinotarisa mhuka chaidzo.
Agud pachake anotaura kuti nzanga yevamwe vanhu akawanda kupfuura zvinoita sekungeAsi kutya kurambwa kunoita kuti vazhinji vanyarare panyaya iyi. internet yave nzira huru kutaurirana nekugadzira network dzekutsigirana, pasina hutongi hwakajeka kana chimiro chepamutemo, asi kuburikidza nemaforamu madiki nemapeji akapararira.
Kuvhiringidzika kwakajairika ndiko kunosanganisa maTheria ne "makushe"Kunyangwe zvichiwanzo shandiswa pamwe chete pasocial media, nyanzvi nenharaunda pachavo vanosimbisa kuti havana kufanana. ari furry fandom Itsika yakavakirwa pakuda mhuka dzinoratidza hunhu hwevanhuzvinowanzobatanidzwa nemabhuku emakomiki, makatuni, mitambo yemavhidhiyo kana mifananidzo.
Munyika ine mvere, vatori vechikamu vanowanzogadzira maavatar kana vatambi (fursonas) dzavanozivana nadzo mukuzorora neunyanzvi, uye vanogona kupfeka zvipfeko zvakakwana. Asi izvi, vanotsanangura, ndizvo chitandadzo, mutambo, kana chimiro chehunyanzviIzvi hazvirevi kuti vanotenda kuti ndivo mhuka iyoyo. Kufanana ne cosplayer, vanoita basa rinogona "kubviswa" pakupedzisira.
Kusiyana neizvi, vaTheria vanotsanangura ruzivo rwavo se kuzivikanwa kwakadzama uye kunoramba kuripoHazvigone kuderedzwa kuita runako. Vangashandisa mamasiki kana miswe, asi vanoona chinhu chakakosha sechiitiko chemukati: kunzwa kuti ivo pachavo vanoenderana nehunhu hwemhuka yavo, kunyangwe vakapfeka mbatya dzemumugwagwa uye hapana anozviziva.
Dambudziko repfungwa here kana kuti inzira yekuongorora hunhu hwemunhu?
Nhaurirano huru yeruzhinji inotenderera pakuti dzidziso yeTherianism inofanira kuonekwa se dambudziko repfungwa kana seimwe yenzira dzakawanda dzekutsvaga hunhu hwemunhu mukuyaruka. Pano, nyanzvi zhinji dzakabvunzwa munhau dzakasiyana-siyana dzinongwarira: Hapana kuongororwa kwakanangana kwekiriniki. "Therian being" haionekwi sechirwere mumabhuku epfungwa.
Kunyange zvazvo chiitiko ichi hazvikonzeri kutambura kukuru, hazvikanganisi hupenyu hwezuva nezuva, uye hazvienderane nezviratidzo zvepfungwaNyanzvi dzezvepfungwa dzinowanzonzwisisa izvi senzira yekuvaka hunhu uye kutaura kwechiratidzo. Zvisinei, vanosiyanisa pakati pechiitiko chemagariro evanhu cheTherianism nezvinonzi "kiriniki yepfungwa", chirwere chepfungwa chisingawanzoitiki apo munhu wacho anotenda kuti achinja kuita mhuka, uye haachakwanisi kuona chokwadi.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvedzidzo, zvakaita sezvakataurwa nevaongorori zvakaita se Helen Clegg, Roz Collings kana Elizabeth C. RoxburghVanotaura kuti zvakajairika kuvawana munharaunda dzevaTherian vanhu vane neurodisergentSemuenzaniso, mukati me autism spectrum kana ne ADHD. Muzviitiko izvozvo, kuzivikanwa kwemhuka kunogona kushanda se nzira yekududzira nekugadzirisa nyika yemagariro evanhu iyo inoonekwa seinorema.
Mamwe mabasa, akadai sekuti “Speaking of Elves, Dragons, and Werewolves: Narrative Hermeneutics and Other-than-Human Identities,” anosimbisa kuti hazvifanirwe kunge zviri chirwere. Anokurudzira kuti vechidiki vazhinji vashandise aya mamwe maitiro kuti vanogadzira nyaya dzavo dzehupenyu, vachizviparadzanisa zvishoma nenzanga yavanonzwa vasina kubatana zvakanaka mairi.
Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Amaya Prado, nyanzvi yehudiki nekukura, akatsanangura mubvunzurudzo kuti hatisi kubata ne "dambudziko rega rega," asi kuti tiri kubata ne nzira yekufananidzira yekutsvaga kuzivikanwa uye kuva werudziBasa rake rekurapa nevechiri kuyaruka ava, anodaro, raizonyanya kutarisisa kusimbisa kuzviremekedza, kudzora manzwiro uye kuvaka hunhu hwakabatana, pane "kurapa" chokwadi chekuti vanonzwa vari pedyo nemhuka.
Chizvarwa cheAlpha, hyperdigitalization, uye kutsvaga nharaunda
Kunze kwechiratidzo ichi, kukwira kuri kuita maTheria kwazvino kwakavakirwa pamamiriro ezvinhu akafara: kuputika kwezviziviso zvitsva munguva yedhijitariMumakumi emakore achangopfuura, gakava pamusoro pekuti munhurume kana mukadzi, zvaanoda kuita zvepabonde, uye nzira dzekuva munyika dzawanda. Sekureva kwevamwe nyanzvi, dzidziso yeTherianism yaizova rudzi rwe "kukanganisa" mumutsara mumwe chete uyu wekutsvaga hunhu.
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti vamwe vechidiki, kunyanya avo vanobva ku chizvarwa chealpha (yakazvarwa kubva muna 2010 zvichienda mberi, inenge), inoshandisa kuzivikanwa kwemhuka se nzira yekuzvidzivirira kubva pakuwedzeredza madhijitariVachitarisana nenzvimbo yakazara nezviratidziro, kumanikidzwa nevanhu uye kugara vachiratidzwa, kupotera mupfungwa yehunhu hwechisikigo uye huri nyore kunogona kuvanyaradza.
Zvinoonekwawo kuti chiitiko ichi chinopindura kune chinodiwa chakakosha: kunzwa sechikamu chenharaundaVazhinji vevechidiki ava vanozviti havakodzeri, vanonyara, kana kuti vanoshungurudzwa munharaunda yavo yavanojaira. Mu "mapoka" eTherian, vanowana nzvimbo iyo zvinhu zvavo zvisinganzwisisike zvinova zvakajairika, uko Kuva werudzi rwemunhu kunorema kupfuura maonero evamwe.Izvozvo hazvivadzivisi kuramba vachigamuchira mashoko anovengwa kana asina kunzwisiswa zvakanaka kunze kweboka.
Ongororo dziripo dzinoratidza kuti, kazhinji, vechidiki ava Vanokwanisa zvakakwana kuita sevamwe vanhu pavanenge vachida. Ndosaka vaongorori vachiwanzo "bvisa chirwere" chiitiko ichi vochiona sechinhu sarudzo yetsika kana kuzivikanwa, nenjodzi dzayo uye mabhenefiti ayo, sechirwere.
Panguva imwe chete, chokwadi ichi chinomutsa mibvunzo isina kugadzikana nezvenzanga yanhasi: chii chiri kunetsa vamwe vechidiki? Vanonzwa vakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya nekuita semhuka vari muboka. pane munzvimbo dzedzidzo, dzemhuri, kana dzemunharaunda? Kune vanyori vakati wandei, kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo dzekare dzekuva nhengo yesangano—senge chitendero kana mamwe maumbirwo emhuri—kwasiya nzvimbo isina chinhu iyo ikozvino yazadzwa zvishoma nenharaunda dzepamhepo.
Vabereki, zvikoro, uye gakava pasocial media
Kukanganiswa kwechiitiko ichi nevezvenhau kwave kuchiperekedzwa kupokana kwakasimba pasocial mediaKune rumwe rutivi, kune avo vanouya nazvo vachida kuziva kana kunzwira tsitsi vozvitsanangura senzira yekugadzira yekuzvitaura. Kune rumwe rutivi, memes, kuseka, uye meseji dzeruvengo dzakanangana nevechidiki vanotora chikamu mumisangano iyi dzakawanda.
Vabereki vazhinji vanonzwa vasisina tariro pavanoona vana vavo kupfeka mamasiki, kufamba netsoka dzose ina, kana kuzviratidza semhumhi nekatsi paTikTok. Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzakadai saAmaya Prado dzinokurudzira kuti usaita zvinhu nekutya kana kurangwa zvisina kuenzana, nekuti izvozvo inowanzo kusimbisa maitiro acho ndatotyora nzira dzekutaurirana.
Zano rake rinosanganisira Ramba wakadzikama, teerera, uye bvunza mibvunzo. Kuzivikanwa ikoko kunovapa chii, zvidikanwi zvingava zvichigutsa, uye pane matambudziko ari mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehupenyu hwavo—dzidzo, magariro evanhu, kana mhuri—anofanira kugadziriswa here? Kana dambudziko iri rikaramba riripo, vanokurudzira kubvunza nyanzvi kuti iongororwe.
Muchikamu chedzidzo, chiitiko ichi chinotanga gakava pamusoro pe Maitiro ekugadzirisa matauriro aya muzvikoroVamwe vadzidzisi vanoratidza kunetseka kwavo nezvekusawirirana pakati pevadzidzi kana kukanganisa kugara pamwe chete, nepo vamwe vachitsigira nzira yekuremekedzana pamwe chete nemiganhu yakajeka pamapfekero, maitiro uye mashandisirwo enzvimbo dzakajairika.
Chero zvazvingava, nyanzvi dzinobvumirana kuti zvinokurudzirwa kusiyanisa pakati pezvinyorwa zvakanyanyisa zvinopararira zvakanyanya Uye chii chinoitika muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevechidiki ava. Vhidhiyo yakagadzirirwa kuburitsa maonero akasiyana nemaonero anoita wechidiki hunhu hwake kana pasina makamera aripo.
Chiitiko cheTherian chinosanganisira matambudziko mazhinji enguva yedu: Kutsvaga kuzivikanwa mukuyaruka, pesvedzero yemasocial network, kukosha kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana, uye kutya kwevanhu zvinhu zvinoonekwa sezvisinganzwisisike.Pane kupinda kwevana vanofunga kuti imhuka, zvinoita sekunge tsvakurudzo iyi inoratidza boka revechidiki vakasiyana-siyana vari kuedza kuwana nzvimbo yavo munyika iri kuchinja, vachishandisa mutauro—dzimwe nguva unovhiringidza—wetsika dzedhijitari nemhuka dzayo dzekufananidzira.
