Hurukuro pamusoro pe remangwana reterevhizheni yemahara Kazhinji kacho kuzere nemisoro yenhau inosuwisa: kuti mapuratifomu ekutepfenyura ari kutora nzvimbo, kuti terevhizheni yedhijitari iri kudzikira, kuti vechidiki vakasiya nzira dzakatwasuka zvachose. Zvisinei, paunogara pasi woongorora data racho wakadzikama, mufananidzo wacho wakasiyana zvikuru nezvinombotaurwa pasocial media kana muhurukuro dzekukurumidza.
Nhasi uno, terevhizheni inoburitswa pachena inoshanda munzvimbo yakaoma kunzwisisa, ine kushandiswa kwemahybridmasikirini akabatana, kutenderera, FAST, DTT uye mavhidhiyo kana zvichidikanwa kugara pamwe chete muimba imwe chete. Pane kunyangarika, nzira iyi iri kuzvigadzira patsva, ichibatanidzwa muzvibvumirano nemakambani makuru akaita seNetflix, ichitsigira sinema yeSpain, ichichengetedza mari yekushambadzira inosvika mamiriyoni emadhora uye panguva imwe chete ichitarisana nematambudziko akakomba muvateereri, kukwegura kwevaoni uye kupatsanuka kwakanyanya.
Ruzivo chairwo: rwunowanikwa nevanhu vakawanda uye rwuchiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya
Kupfuura ruzha, chokwadi chekutanga chisingarambiki ndechekuti terevhizheni yemahara inowanikwa nevanhu voseMuna 2025, terevhizheni yechinyakare yakasvika vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni makumi mana nemanomwe muSpain, vachimiririra vanhu vanosvika 99,8%. Nemamwe mashoko, nyika yese yakanga yavhura terevhizheni yayo kuti ione chiteshi cheterevhizheni chakatevedzana.
Chiyero ichocho chinowedzerwa ne tsika yezuva nezuva ichiri yakasimbiswa zvakanakaZuva rega rega, vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 26,7-30 vanoteerera terevhizheni yechinyakare, vachimiririra vanhu vanosvika 56-60% vevanhu vane makore mana zvichikwira. Kunyange zvazvo iyi iri nhamba yakaderera kupfuura dzose dzakamboonekwa pazuva, ichiri kuratidza vanhu vakawanda vanowana zviri mukati zvakafanana panguva imwe chete.
Panyaya yenguva, muna 2025 vanenge Maminitsi 162 eterevhizheni yechinyakare pamunhu pazuva (linear + delayed), maminitsi mapfumbamwe akaderera pane muna 2024 uye pasi perekodhi yemaminitsi 246 muna 2012. Panguva imwe chete, kushandiswa kweterevhizheni kune zvimwe zvinangwa (kutepfenyura, mitambo yemavhidhiyo, redhiyo, maapplication…) kwakasvika paavhareji yemaminitsi makumi mashanu nemana pazuva, huwandu hwepamusoro hwenguva iyoyo, ne89% yenguva iyoyo yakatotsaurirwa kutepfenyura.
Kana tikangotarisa DTT chete, nguva yekushandisa pagore yaive yakapoteredza Maminitsi 283 pazuva, zvichiwedzera kushandiswa kwese kweterevhizheniSekureva kwaBarlovento Comunicación, nguva yekuona terevhizheni muSpain yakasvika maminetsi zana nemakumi matanhatu nerimwe pamunhu kunyanya paterevhizheni yedhijitari yepasi rose (DTT). Izvi zvinomiririra kudzikira kudiki zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura, asi zvichiri kuratidza kuti terevhizheni yechinyakare inoramba iri pakati pemahwindo eterevhizheni mudzimba dzeSpain.
Munguva yekuona vanhu vakawanda panguva iyoyo, nguva inozivikanwa yekuona vanhu vakawanda (inenge 10:15-10:30 pm), avhareji yevanhu vose vanoiona yakaderera kubva pamamiriyoni gumi nemasere nehafu muna 2013-2014 kusvika pamamiriyoni gumi nerimwe negumi nerimwe negumi nerimwe nemazana manomwe muna 2025. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, ndiyo chete nguva iyo Vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni gumi vari kuona zviri kuitika panguva imwe chete pachena, chimwe chinhu chisina imwe puratifomu inokwanisa kutevedzera nguva dzose kudaro.
Ndiani anodzora ma ratings uye network map itsva yakaita sei?
Kurongwa kwematerevhizheni muna 2025 kwakasiya podium yakajeka kwazvo: Antena 3 yakatungamira gore zvakare kwegore rechina rakatevedzana. Mushure mavo maive neLa 1, ine mugove we11,1% - uye kuwedzera kuri kuita mugore racho -, ichiteverwa neTelecinco, iyo yakanyora mhedzisiro yayo yakaipa kwazvo munhoroondo ine mugove we9,4%.
Pakati penzira dzakawanda, La Sexta yakavharwa ne6,2%, Cuatro yakakwira kusvika pa5,8%, uye La 2 yakaramba iri pa3%. Kuwedzera kukuru kwegore negore kwaive kwe... La 1 naCuatroZvichakadaro, Telecinco neDivinity dzakarasikirwa zvakanyanya, zvichiratidza shanduko huru muzvirongwa, maitiro ebhizinesi, uye kudzikira kwemamwe mafomati.
Tichitarisa mashandiro emasikati, Antena 3 ndiyo yaive mutungamiriri mu Mazuva mazana maviri nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri egoreLa 1 ndiyo yaitungamira mumakwikwi kwemazuva makumi mashanu nemasere, nepo Telecinco yakangokwanisa kuhwina ne15 chete. Nenguva dzinoshandiswa, mangwanani anotongwa neLa 1; masikati, manheru nenguva yeprime ndiyo nzvimbo yeAntena 3; husiku hunowanzova hweTelecinco, uye mangwanani-ngwanani Energy channel inopenya.
Nezvevanhurume nevanhukadzi, Vakadzi vainyanya kuda kusarudza Antena 3 Uye varume vanosarudza La 1. Nezera, vateereri vane makore 13-24 vanofarira La 1 zvakanyanya, nepo Antena 3 ichitungamira mune mamwe ese ezera. Zvinofadza kuti, mune inonzi chinangwa chekutengeserana - chinonyanya kudiwa nevashambadziri - La 1 ndiyo yaive nzira inotungamira, kunyangwe isina kutengeserana.
Kana nhepfenyuro dzakati dziongororwa, kutonga kweLa 1 kunotonyanya kuoneka: kwe Nhepfenyuro makumi matatu dzakanyanya kutariswa pagoreMapurogiramu makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe aya akatepfenyurwa pachiteshi ichi uye rimwe chete rakatepfenyurwa paTelecinco (semi-fainari yeClub World Cup pakati pePSG neReal Madrid). Pakati pezvirongwa zvakakurumbira paive nenhabvu, Eurovision, uye... Zvipo zveGore IdzvaPamusoro pezviitiko zvakaita seEl hormiguero, Pasapalabra, La revuelta kana La isla de las tentaciones, izvo zvinotungamira mukunonoka kushandiswa.
Ndiani anoona terevhizheni yemahara: zera, murume kana mukadzi, nzvimbo uye mashandisirwo matsva
Imwe yeshanduko huru dzakanyarara dzemakore achangopfuura ndeye avhareji yezera remuoni weterevhizheni wetsikaAvhareji yezera revanhu vanoona terevhizheni muSpain yasvika makore makumi mashanu nemasere, iro rave rakakwirira kupfuura mamwe ose. Vanhu vanoshandisa terevhizheni vari pakati pevaya vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemana (inenge maminetsi mazana matatu nemakumi maviri nerimwe pazuva) uye vari pakati pemakore makumi mana nemashanu nemana (maminitsi zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe neshanu pazuva), ukuwo mamwe mapoka ese ari kuderedza nguva yavo yekuona terevhizheni pachiteshi chekare.
Musiyano nezvinonzi "mamwe materevhizheni" (kutepfenyura, mavhidhiyo epamhepo, maapplication, nezvimwewo) wakajeka: ndipo pane avhareji yezera inoderera kusvika pamakore angangoita makumi mana nematatuBoka rezera remakore 25-44 ndiro rinonyanya kuzivikanwa, richitungamira mukuona nguva yezuva nezuva nemaminitsi angangoita 65. Vanoteverwa nevanoona vane makore 45-64 (maminitsi 63) nevana vane makore 4-12 (maminitsi 60 pazuva kuti vawane dzimwe nzira dzekushandisa terevhizheni).
Vana vadiki, kubva pamakore mana kusvika gumi nemaviri, vatozvipira maminitsi akawanda anopedzerwa pa "terevhizheni yakasiyana" kupfuura paterevhizheni yechinyakareMaminetsi angangoita makumi mashanu nematanhatu pazuva anopedzerwa achiona mapurogiramu e-linear zvichienzaniswa nemaminitsi makumi matanhatu achiona zvimwe zvirimo, kunyanya pamapuratifomu epamhepo nemavhidhiyo. Pakati pemamwe mapoka ezera ari pasi pemakore makumi mana nemashanu, nguva yekushandisa terevhizheni kune zvimwe zvinangwa zvisiri terevhizheni yedhijitari yepasi rose (DTT) iri kuwedzera kusvika pakushandiswa kwematanho e-linear.
Kusiyana kwevanhurume nevanhukadzi kune basawo. Vakadzi vachiri kungoona terevhizheni yechinyakare.Vakadzi vanopedza maminetsi angangoita 173 pazuva vachiona terevhizheni, zvichienzaniswa nemaminitsi 150 kuvarume. Zvisinei, mu "mamwe terevhizheni" musiyano wacho unotopera, varume vari pamberi zvishoma (maminitsi 55 pazuva) zvichienzaniswa nemaminitsi 53 kuvakadzi, zvichiratidza kuti kushandiswa kwedhijitari kwakafanana nekwevarume.
Nenharaunda dzinozvitonga, Vanhu vekuAsturia ndivo vari pamusoro pehuwandu hwevanotenga Vanhu vanoona terevhizheni paavhareji yemaminitsi mazana matatu negumi pazuva, ichiteverwa neAndalusia (maminetsi mazana maviri nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu) uye Canary Islands (makumi maviri nemana). Madrid neCatalonia dziri pakati penzvimbo dzine nguva shoma yekuona terevhizheni, uye Navarre ndiyo ine vanhu vashoma vanoiona, pamaminitsi mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nemapfumbamwe pazuva. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa zvishoma nekuda kwehuwandu hwevanhu: nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakwegura dzinowanzopedza nguva yakawanda dzichiona terevhizheni yakatevedzana.
Chimwe chiitiko chinoshamisa ndechekuti kuona TV kwave chinhu chinonakidza kuita zvinhu zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuva wegaVaoni vanoona terevhizheni vari vega kweavhareji yemaminitsi 282 pazuva, iyo yakakwira kupfuura dzimwe dzose, ukuwo vachiona newavakaroorana naye avhareji yemaminitsi angangoita 237. Kuona vari vega kunonyanya kutaurwa panguva dzemasikati, pakati pa7:00 a.m. na21:00 p.m.
Kugara pamwe chete kweDTT, streaming uye hybrid models
Kwenguva yakareba zvaifungidzirwa kuti terevhizheni nenhepfenyuro zvainge zvakatongerwa kukwikwidzana nemamodeli asingawiriraneYekutanga yakavakirwa pakuparadzira nhau dzakatevedzana dzine nguva yakatarwa uye kushambadzira, yechipiri pavhidhiyo painenge ichidiwa pasina kukanganiswa kana nguva yakatarwa. Zvisinei, muganhu iwoyo uri kudzima nekukurumidza.
Shanduko huru yekufananidzira yauya nekuziviswa kwekuti Netflix ichabatanidzwa, kutanga muzhizha ra2026, Mavhidhiyo aripo kubva kumachiteshi makuru mashanu eTF1 Mukupa kwayo kuFrance, pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvinodiwa, ndiyo nguva yekutanga kuti puratifomu yakakura kudai isanganise pachena nzira dzakajairika kubva kune mushandi wekare wekuEurope.
Kutama uku hakusi kungotengeserana chete; ndiko kubvuma pachena kuti terevhizheni ine mutsara ichiri nesimba rekukwezva vaoni maalgorithms ega asingakwanise kutevedzera. Mapuratifomu akaona kuti zvakaoma sei kugadzira maitiro ekushandisa uye tsika dzezuva nezuva pasina ruzivo rwekuti "unofanira kupinda" rwekutepfenyura mhenyu.
Netflix isati yasvika, Prime Video yakanga yatoedza ruzivo rwevanhu muSpain neOperación Triunfo 2023. Kuedza uku kwakashanda: mumavhiki gumi nemana, zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 3,5 vaiona vhidhiyo iyi pane imwe nguva, uye vanosvika 85% vaidzoka vhiki rega rega, vachitevedzera rudzi rwevhidhiyo iyi. kuvimbika kwaiwanzobatanidzwa neterevhizheni yemahara.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, mamodheru eFAST (Free Ad-Supported Television) akabuda zvakanyanya; aya machaneli emahara anotsigirwa nekushambadzira anoshandiswa kuburikidza neinternet, asi aine pfungwa yegridi yakatsetsekaMapuratifomu akaita sePluto TV, Rakuten TV, uye Samsung TV Plus ari kusimbisa pfungwa yekuti pane nzvimbo yezvinyorwa zvemahara, zvine zviziviso uye kugoverwa kwedhijitari, uko zvinyorwa, nzira dzedingindira, uye zviratidzo zve network zvechinyakare zviripo.
Spain: zvibvumirano, DTT yakabatana uye ecosystem inobatana
Munyaya yeSpanish, zviri pachena kuti nharaunda iri kusangana. terevhizheni yakabatana (CTV) Yave nzira huru yekuona zviri mukati meimba yekutandarira, ichibatanidza terevhizheni yedhijitari yepasirese, mapuratifomu eTV anobhadharwa, maapplication, uye mavhidhiyo paunoda mumudziyo mumwe chete. Terevhizheni iyi yava zvakare skrini hombe inogovaniswa, asi yakangwara zvikuru.
Muchikamu cheterevhizheni inobhadharwa, Movistar Plus+ inoramba iri iyo Puratifomu inobva kuSpanish yakayerwa zvakanyanya nevateereriZvinoenderana nedata kubva kuCNMC Household Panel, zvavanopa zvinosanganisa nzira dzemahara dzeTV dzinoburitswa paindaneti nedzinobhadharwa, zvemukati zvepakutanga zviripo kana zvichidiwa, makwikwi makuru emitambo, uye mukana wekuwana masevhisi akawanda ekutamba mitambo.
Kuwedzera kweCTV, kushandiswa kwedata kwepamusoro, uye huchenjeri hwekugadzira zvinogonesa kuvandudzwa kwe nzira dzekuronga kushambadzira dzakanyatsojeka pasina kukanganisa kukura kweterevhizheni yakatsetseka. Vashambadziri vanogona kupatsanura, kuyera, uye kugadzirisa mishandirapamwe munzvimbo iyo, kusiyana nedzimwe nzvimbo dzedhijitari, inochengetedza mwero wepamusoro wekuchengetedzwa kwechiratidzo uye kutonga kwekunyora.
Kubva pamaonero ezviri mukati, terevhizheni inoburitswa pachena haisi kungopona chete; inoramba iripo simba guru reindasitiri yekuona nekuona mafirimu echiSpanishMuna 2025, 86% yemafirimu gumi nemashanu akabudirira zvikuru akabatanidzwa kana kugadzirwa kubva kuma network emahara, zvichiratidza kuti simba ravo rezvemari richiri kukosha sei mukuchengetedza hunyanzvi hwekugadzira hwemuno.
Terevhizheni yedhijitari yepasi rose: nhoroondo yazvino, zvinhu zvakakosha uye zvinhu zvishoma
Terevhizheni yeDigital Terrestrial (DTT) yakasvitsa makore makumi maviri muSpain muna 2025, asi nzira yayo yave yakanaka. zviitiko zvakawanda kupfuura zvingaita sezviri pachenaChiitiko chekutanga chepamutemo chakauya muna 2000 neQuiero TV, puratifomu yeTV inobhadharwa yakasimudzirwa neRetevisión iyo yaipa nzira gumi nemana uye internet connection kuburikidza nedecoder yayo.
Quiero TV yaive nechinangwa chekukwikwidzana neVÃa Digital neCanal Satélite Digital, asi haina kutora makore maviri chete. kuoma kwekuita kuti modhi iwane purofitiIzvi, pamwe chete nemusika weterevhizheni yedhijitari yepasi rose (DTT) uchiri kusimukira, zvakazoita kuti ivharwe. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kuedza ikoko kwakabatsira kuyedza kushandiswa kwespectrum uye kuisa hwaro hwehunyanzvi hweDTT yaizotevera.
Kutanga chaiko kweDTT sebasa remahara rekupa vanhu vakawanda kwakaitika kubva Mbudzi 2005, apo nhepfenyuro dzepamutemo dzakatanga nekupa nzira dzinosvika makumi maviri: shanu kubva kuTVE (kusanganisira Clan neTeledeporte), nhatu kubva kuAntena 3 (neNova neNeox), shanu kubva kuTelecinco (kusanganisira Telecinco Sports neFactorÃa de Ficción), nhatu kubva kuSogecable (CNN+ neLos 40 Latino), mbiri kubva kuVocento (Net TV neFly TV) uye mbiri kubva kuUnidad Editorial (Veo TV nesignali yakakweretwa kuIntereconomÃa).
Muna 2006, La Sexta yakawedzerwa uye kuvapo kwenzira dzenharaunda kwakasimbiswa, uku gadziriro dzichiri kuitwa dze Kudzima analog kwa2010Kubva pazuva iroro, nzira dzese dzakatanga kutepfenyura mudhijitari chete, nekupinda kwevashandi vatsva, HD versions uye kusvika kwemakambani akadai seDiscovery Max, Disney Channel, MTV kana 13 TV, mazhinji acho achikwereta vanhu vane marezenisi ekutanga akadai seVeo TV neNet TV.
Nguva yekuwedzera kukuru kweDTT yakaratidzwa nekuwanda kwenzira dzenyaya, kugadziriswa kwematare ekugoverwa kwemarezinesi pasina mvumo yeruzhinji muna 2014, uye kupihwa mibairo mitsva muna 2015. Muna 2018, chikuva cheLovesTV chakatangwa, icho chakabatanidza mashandiro e kutaurirana uye terevhizheni yehybrid kune nzira huru dzekutaura, kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kwayo neveruzhinji kwaive kwakaderera kupfuura zvaitarisirwa.
Mumakore gumi apfuura, zvave zvakajairika kuti Nzira dzinoenderana nemakambani makuru dzinobva kuDTT kusimbisa hurongwa hwavo hwekutepfenyura. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika kuMTV, iyo yakasiya DTT muna 2014 kuti irambe iri nzira yekubhadhara chete, kana kuti Disney Channel uye, munguva pfupi yapfuura, Paramount Network, iyo mabrandi ayo akanyanya kutarisisa mabasa akaita sePluto TV kana SkyShowtime.
Ongororo yeDTT iripo: nzira dzechipiri, niches nematambudziko
Nhasi, DTT ecosystem inosanganisa vatapi venhau dzekare ne nzira dzedingindira dzakanyanya kusarudzwaPakati pemakambani akasvika gare gare ndiReal Madrid TV, DKiss (Kiss FM Group) naTen (Secuoya), nepo RTVE, Atresmedia neMediaset zvichiri kuramba zvichiunganidza marezenisi akawanda uye, pamusoro pezvose, mari yakawanda inowanikwa pakushambadzira kwenhau.
Zvinoshamisa kuti nzira dzinonzi dzechipiri dzave imwe yebudiriro huru dzeterevhizheni yedhijitari yepasi rose. Nova naDivinity vakashandisa mukana wekukura kwemafirimu emitambo yesofa ekuTurkeyZvichakadaro, Clan neBoing dzave nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuratidzira mapurogiramu evana mahara, munzvimbo iyo zvinhu zvakawanda zvevana zvave kutumirwa kumapuratifomu ekutepfenyura.
Zvichienderana nedata reGECA, muna Zvita 2025 nzira dzeDTT dzakasvika padanho repamusoro 27,6% skrini yekugovanaMachiteshi ehunyanzvi akabudirira kupfuura machiteshi epay-TV (12,2%) uye akaratidza kukura kudiki pamwedzi. Panguva imwe chete, machiteshi ehunyanzvi akaona mugove wavo uchidzikira ne1,3 muzana, zvichisvika pa48,4%. Kunyange zvazvo zvisiri zvinoshamisa, nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti machiteshi ehunyanzvi akawana nzvimbo yakasimba pakati pevaya vasingade kana kuti vasingakwanisi kubhadhara mari yekunyorera.
Zvisinei, DTT yave iine pfungwa yekuti, kubvira payakatanga, "Chipikirwa chakaputswa"Nyanzvi dzakadai saProfessor Conchi Cascajosa dzinotaura kuti tarisiro dzekutanga dzekudyidzana, hunyanzvi, uye mapurogiramu akasiyana hadzina kuzadzikiswa zvizere. Ruzhinji rwezvirongwa zvakavakirwa pakudzokorora, kudzokorora kwenhevedzano, uye mafomati anounzwa kunze kwenyika, zvichikanganiswa nekudzikira kwemari yekushambadzira uye kukwira kwemitengo yekugadzira.
Chokwadi chehupfumi chakaoma: mari yekushambadzira muterevhizheni muna 2025 yaivepo 1.750 mamiriyoni emamiriyoni5% yakaderera pane gore rapfuura, ne80% yakanyanyoshandiswa muAtresmedia neMediaset. Pahuwandu hwevezvenhau, terevhizheni inoramba iri nzira inotungamira yekudyara mari maererano neInfoAdex, ine mari inosvika €1.857 bhiriyoni muna 2024 uye chikamu chinosvika 30% yekudyara mari kwaitarisirwa, kupfuura chero imwe nzira yechinyakare.
Rimwe divi remari ndiro iroro Zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuoma kuita kuti nzira itsva dzeterevhizheni dzedhijitari dzive nepurofiti.Humbowo hweizvi hwaive hushoma hwebhizinesi apo Hurumende yakazivisa muna 2025 chinangwa chayo chekupa rezenisi idzva ra2026. Pakupedzisira, mukaha uyu uchazadzwa nechiteshi chetsika kubva kuRTVE, icho chichatanga kutepfenyura muzhizha, asi chido chevanhu vega chaive chidiki, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuoma kwekuwana mari kune imwe chiteshi mumusika uri kupararira zviri pachena.
Mutemo, DTT uye spectrum horizon: chiratidzo chinovimbiswa kwenguva yakareba sei?
Kwemakore, chinhu chikuru chisingazivikanwe chaive chakarembera pamusoro pechikamu ichi: Kusvika rini apo spectrum yeDTT yaizovimbiswa? Mitemo yeEurope yakaisa gore ra2030 sezuva rekupedzisira rekuongorora kugoverwa kwemafrequency, uye munzvimbo zhinji dzeSpain zuva iroro harina kuonekwa, kunyangwe hazvo zvaireva njodzi inogona kuitika pakuenderera mberi kwemuenzaniso uyu.
Musangano weWorld Radiocommunication wakaitwa pakupera kwegore ra2023 wakapa mukana wekufema. Izvi zvakazadzikiswa. kuwedzera mukana wekuchengetedza weDTT kusvika 2031Gore iroro, kushandiswa kwechikamu ichocho che spectrum kuchakurukurwa zvakare pasi rose. Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, vane chekuita neindasitiri vane makore akati wandei ekuratidza kuti terevhizheni inoburitswa pachena, uye kunyanya terevhizheni yedhijitari yepasi rose (DTT), inoramba ichipa kukosha kwakakwana munharaunda, hupfumi, uye tsika kuti ibatsire kuchengetedza spectrum yeredhiyo kusvika kanenge mugore ra2040.
MuSpain, chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zveramangwana iroro chichava kugadziriswa kwe Hurongwa hwehunyanzvi hweTerevhizheni yeDhijitariPakati pezvimwe zvinhu, chirongwa ichi chinofanira kubatsira kutama kubva pa high definition yazvino kuenda ku ultra high definition (UHD), zvichibvumira kushandiswa kwakanaka kwe spectrum uye kuvandudzwa kukuru kwemhando yemufananidzo, padanho rezvinowanikwa kare pamapuratifomu mazhinji e4K emitambo mikuru kana zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro.
Kuchinja uku kwetekinoroji hakungonangidzi chete kuvandudza kujeka; asiwo kunoda kuona kuti DTT inoramba iri rutsigiro rwemakwikwi munzvimbo ine ruzha nemavhidhiyo uko hunhu hwehunyanzvi hunoonekwa sehusina basa.Materevhizheni makuru ane resolution ye4K kana kupfuura, HDR uye ruzha rwakakomberedza zvave zvakajairika mudzimba zhinji, uye terevhizheni ine mutsara haigone kuramba yakabatirira muhunhu hunoonekwa sehusina kunaka kana ichida kuchengetedza vateereri vanoda zvakawanda.
Zvese izvi zvakabatanidzwa nekudiwa kwe mutemo wakaenzana unoenzanisa zvisungo pakati peterevhizheni inoburitswa pachena, mapuratifomu nevamwe vanoita zvedhijitari, kunyanya panyaya dzekushambadzira, mari yekugadzirwa kweEurope, kuchengetedzwa kwevana vadiki uye mutoro wezviri mukati.
Basa remunharaunda, kuvimbika uye basa rekupa ruzivo rweterevhizheni yemahara
Kupfuura vateereri, terevhizheni yemahara inochengetedza huremu hwekufananidzira uye hwemagariro evanhu hwakaoma zvikuru kutsivaSemuenzaniso, panguva yedenda reCovid-19, yakava sosi huru yeruzivo nevaraidzo kuvagari, nekushandiswa kwemari kwakawedzera kusvika kumaawa mana pazuva pamunhu panguva dzakaoma dzekugara mudzimba.
Sekureva kweBarometer on the Social Perception of Free-to-Air Television inotungamirwa neUTECA, kubatana kwepfungwa uye kuva pedyo nenzanga yakashamisika Vakasimbisa zvikuru hutungamiriri hwavo, simba ravo, uye kuvimbika kwavo pakati pemapoka ese ezera. Terevhizheni yaionekwa senzira yekupa ruzivo, inokwanisa kutsanangura panguva chaiyo zvaiitika uye matanho aifanira kutorwa.
Masangano akaita seAssociation of Communication Directors (Dircom) akasimbisa kuti terevhizheni yekutengeserana yemahara inoramba iri chishandiso chakakosha pakushandira mabrandi nekutaurirana neveruzhinjiMiguel López-Quesada, purezidhendi weDircom, akayeuka kuti, mumazuva ekusaziva kukuru, vagari vazhinji "vakawanazve terevhizheni" senzvimbo yekutungamira.
Kubva kuUTECA, mukuru wayo mukuru, Emilio Lliteras, anosimbirira kuti "terevhizheni inotibatanidza" uye kuti mubatanidzwa uyu unoreva chisungo chekupa kuvimbika kwemuoni Nezviri mukati zvakabatana zvakanyanya nechokwadi, nhau dzakasimba, varaidzo yemhando yepamusoro, uye dziviriro inoshanda yetsika dzakafanana, basa iri re "social glue" ndeimwe yenharo huru dzinoshandiswa nenzira dzemahara kuratidza basa radzo muhurongwa hutsva hwezvinhu.
Ruzivo rwechangobva kuitika runotsigira izvi: kana pakaitika chiitiko chikuru chezvematongerwo enyika, zvemitambo, kana zvemagariro evanhu, ruzhinji rwenyika ruchiri kutanga kutarira terevhizheni yechinyakare. Muenzaniso wekuonekwa kwaPedro Sánchez musi wa12 Chikumi unoratidza: zvakasvika pa 61,1% skrini yekugovanaNevanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 4,8 vekuona uye vanhu mamiriyoni 5,6 vekutaura navo, zvichiratidza kuti kana paine chimwe chinhu "chinokosha zvechokwadi", vateereri vakawanda vanodzoka kuzotepfenyura mhenyu.
Kushambadza, kudyara mari uye kugadzirisa mamiriro edhijitari
Mundima yekushambadzira, terevhizheni inoburitswa pachena inochengetedza chirongwa chakaoma zvikuru kutevedzera: kusvika kukuru, nzvimbo dzakachengeteka, kutonga kwakasimba kwekunyora, kuyerwa kwakaongororwa uye mafomati ane simba guru akadai sema prime time blocks, kutsigira zviitiko zvikuru kana zviitiko zvakakosha zviripo.
Ongororo yeInfoAdex yazvino inoratidza kuti terevhizheni inoramba iri iyo indasitiri yenhau inotungamira mukudyara mari mukushambadziraNemari inosvika €1.857 bhiriyoni muna 2024 uye kukura kwayo kuchidarika 2%, inoumba inenge 30% yekudyara kwese kunotariswa. Pasinei nekubuda kwenzira dzakawanda dzedhijitari, hapana imwe puratifomu yechinyakare inowana mugove wakafanana webhajeti rekushambadzira.
Munguva yedenda, pakava nekugadziriswa kukuru: mabhizinesi mazhinji akamisa zvirongwa, asi mamwe akashandisa mukana wemamiriro acho ezvinhu kuti kusimbisa kuvapo kwavo mune imwe nzira yavaiziva kuti yainyanya kutarisisa nyikaSezvakataurwa naEduardo Olano, purezidhendi weUTECA, kuti vashambadziri vepamusoro zana vanoisa mari inosvika 60% yezvavanoisa paterevhizheni, uye mumwedzi yakaoma zvikuru ya2020, avo vakaramba vachishanda vakawana ruzivo rwakanyanya pamusoro pechiratidzo chavo.
Munguva yeCovid mushure menguva, dambudziko remachaneli emahara nderokuti simbisa modhi yekushambadzira inosanganisa kutengeswa kwakawanda kweGRPs nemhinduro dzakakamurwa muCTV, data repamusoro, mafomati epurogiramu uye ekudyidzana, pasina kusiya misimboti yekujeka uye kutonga vateereri izvo zvave zvichitsigira kuvimbika kwayo kune vashambadziri kwemakumi emakore.
Hunhu hweterevhizheni yakasununguka, inoonekwa nevanhu vose, uye inowanikwa nyore nyore—isina zvipingamupinyi zvakakosha zvehupfumi kana tekinoroji—hunoitawo kuti ive pfuma yehurongwa hwenyikaPanguva iyo varaidzo neruzivo rwakawanda zviri kuseri kwemadziro ekubhadhara, kuvapo kwechinhu chine simba chekuona nemavhidhiyo pasina muripo wakananga kumugari kuchiri kuramba kuchikosha zvikuru mune zvematongerwo enyika uye munharaunda.
Kana zvabatanidzwa, mufananidzo wakaratidzwa neruzivo urwu rwese wakajeka: terevhizheni yemahara uye terevhizheni yepasi rose yedhijitari inotarisana nematambudziko ari pachena maererano nevateereri vechidiki, kupatsanurwa, uye kumanikidzwa kwehupfumi, asi vanoramba vachitungamira mu kusvika, kushandiswa, simba, mari yekushambadzira, uye kugona kugadzira hurukuro pasocial mediaKupfuura kungofa kwenzira, dzakafanana nechivakwa chakagadziriswa zvizere, kubatanidza kutenderera, nhepfenyuro dzemhenyu, data, uye huchenjeri hwekugadzira kuti zvirambe zvichikosha mumakore anotevera.
