Nyika, chiri cheichi chisiko chapose pose chikuru, chinewo zvakavanzika zvokufumura uye kufunga kuti hazvisi, kukanganisa kwakakomba. Pari zvino, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvaro zvichiri kuongororwa, zvakadai sepasi uye maitiro aro.
Kunzwisisa pasi munzvimbo yekutanga umo chiratidzo chega chehupenyu muchadenga chinorarama, zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise dzimwe nyika dziri kure. Dzimwe nguva zvakanakisa zvinogona kuve pamberi pemeso ako, pasina kutarisisa. Zvisinei, ichiri kukurumidza kutaura kuti izvi zvinoshanda maererano nechisiko chapose pose nezvachiri.
Iwe unogona zvakare kufarira chinyorwa chedu: Pane mamwe mapuraneti akafanana nePasi here?
Kana usati waziva kuti goko renyika chii, ramba uchiverenga kuti uzive!
Zvinyorwa: Invdes
Mukati mekusika uye mambakwedza enguva, mapuraneti akasikwa noungwaru hukuru uye ane hunhu hwakakodzera nokuda kweimwe neimwe yadzo. Maumbirwo epasi pano akasiyana, sezvo iine mativi akasiana-siana anozivikanwa zvikuru nhasi, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvichiri kudzidzwa.
Zvinhu zvakadaro zvine hukama zvakanyanya nemaitiro echisikigo kana kutenderera kunoitika munharaunda yepasi. Naizvozvo, kunzwisisa kuti goko repasi chii kuchaita kuti kuwedzere kunzwisiswa kwezviitiko izvi, kufambisa mhedzisiro mitsva yesainzi yerubatsiro rukuru.
Muchidimbu, goko repasi rinozadzisa basa raro semutsetse wekunze kana kuti kana uchida, iyo yakanyanya pamusoro penyika. Icho chikamu cheiyo geosphere inozivikanwa uye, kunyangwe ichinzwika seyakaoma kutenda, ukobvu hwayo hutete. Kunyangwe goko repasi harina kubata 1% yehuremu hwese hwehupamhi hwePasi.
Saizvozvowo, mubvunzo wekuti "chii chepasi" chakaita kuti pave nekuonekwa kuti yakasiyana pakati pevakawanda. Izvi zvinorevei? Mapuraneti mazhinji ane matombo ane compact crust isinga patsanure. Panyaya yeNyika, goko rayo rinoparadzana kuita chikamu chegungwa uye chikamu chekondinendi.
Matunhu epasi, kiyi yekunzwisisa maumbirwo arakaitwa
Kana iwe wasvika panguva ino, imhaka yekuti unofarira kuziva zvakawanda nezvazvo. Verenga pazasi kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve zvidimbu zvePasi pevhu uye kuti inoumbwa nei mune zvese.
Sediment, main layer
Sezvinoratidzwa nezita rayo, nzvimbo iyi Inonyanya kuumbwa nematombo makuru e sedimentary. pakati pemakondinendi nemahwendefa ekondinendi. Iwo chikamu chakakosha uye nheyo dzemakomo sezvaanozivikanwa nhasi, pamwe chete nemahwendefa kana mapuratifomu emakondinendi ambotaurwa.
Mukati, iyo granite layer inooneka
Kuve imwe yezvikamu zvakadzidzwa zvakanyanya zvepasi, Yakagadzirwa inenge yakazara negranite. Chinhu chakatanhamara ndechekuti, panguva ino mucrust, nhema dzine mukurumbira Conrad discontinuity.
Chaizvoizvo, ndiyo mutsara wekufungidzira unokwevera miganhu pakati pegranite layer uye inotevera basalt layer pamagumo ayo epamusoro.
Pakupedzisira, iyo ine simba basalt layer
Inzvimbo inoenderera, yakakura uye yakakura zvichienzaniswa nemazita avo atotaurwa. Mukuwedzera, sezvinoratidza zita rayo, kuumbwa kwayo ndeyemhando yebasaltic pakutanga.
Iyo basaltic layer iri muhukama hwenguva dzose nejasi rePasi, asi rakaparadzaniswa kubva pairi nekuda kwe iyo Mohorovicic discontinuity. Anoita sekupatsanura pakati penzvimbo imwe neimwe, achizviganhura nenzira kwayo kuzvidzidzo zvenguva yemberi.
Zvawava kuziva magadzirirwo aro, tsvaga kuti goko renyika rakakamurwa sei!
Zvakambotaurwa kuti goko rePasi rinenge risingawanzo enzaniso, zvichibva pane zvakawanikwa nesainzi munguva pfupi yapfuura. Iye akapatsanurwa physiologically kana kupatsanurwa kuita maviri crusts, imwe iri yegungwa uye imwe kondinendi.
Kune rimwe divi, goko renyika muchikamu chayo chegungwa, haina kurarama kwenguva refu kupfuura hanzvadzi yayo, iyo continental crust. Saizvozvovo, inotora chikamu chinodarika makumi mashanu kubva muzana chepasi uye inorara anenge mamaira matanhatu pasi pegungwa.
Yese yegungwa crust yakatetepa kana kuti yakatsetseka kana ichienzaniswa nemazita ayo, ichiumbwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana panguva imwe chete. Masayendisiti anowanzo gadzira iyo ne Nickname "Sima", zvichireva kuwanda kwesilicate uye magnesium. Inobva pakati pegungwa mitsetse uye inopera mukati menzvimbo dzepasi.
Nechekumashure kwemari yacho, mativi epasi ehunhu hwekondinendi anooneka, achipesana nemaitiro akati wandei anoratidzwa naSima. Kunyangwe ichi chikamu cheiyo crust chinonzi Sial, nekuda kweiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa zvinhu, aluminium uye silicate.
Nekuda kwekukora kwayo, yakakora, ichizvikudza kupfuura mamaira makumi mana uye inopesana negungwa regungwa. Pamusoro peizvi, hupenyu hwavo hukuru hunobva pakuti ivo havana kuvandudzwa, sezvo vasingaende kune subduction zones. Kunyange nzanga yesainzi inoratidza kuti vakwegura sepasi pacharo.
Aya ndiwo maitiro azvinoita, dzidza zvakakosha nezvemafambiro epasi
Kwakabva: Concept
Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanira kufungidzira kuti zvinhu zvepasi pevhu, pamwe nechekunze kwejasi, "zvinoyangarara" pamwe chete. Kuchinja kwese kwepasi kwepasi kunotenderedza nzvimbo iyi, chiitiko chinoburitsa iyo inonzi tectonic displacement. Nekuda kwemaitiro aya, iyo "continental drift" yakapihwa kusimuka.
Kana imwe nzvimbo kana ndiro inofamba zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro peimwe, inogadzira kuvhunduka, kupokana uye kumanikidza kwakanyanya kunoshandura nzvimbo. Kubva pane izvi zviitiko, makomo kana tectonic depressions anozvarwa kuti atore nzvimbo yavo mu ecosystem.
Saizvozvovo, mukati mekufamba kwepasi pane nzira apo mahwendefa anoguma abatana rimwe pasi perimwe. Mhedzisiro iyi inounganidza kudzvanywa uye magma kudzamara, kana chikumbaridzo chapfuura, chinoburitsa izvo zvirimo. Unonzwika wakajaira kwauri? Zvakanaka ndiwo magadzirirwo anoputika.
Maererano nechimiro chimwe chete, sezvaunotoziva, mafambiro aya anogara aripo, kunyangwe kana asinganzwi. Zvichienderana nehukuru hwayo kana kuunganidza kumanikidza, zvinokonzera izvo zvinonzi zviitiko zvekudengenyeka kwenyika, kusanganisira kudengenyeka kwenyika.
