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Kufamba muSouth America kwakafanana nekupinda mumabhuku akawanda emakadhi asingagoneki: masango anoita seanotambanuka nekusingaperi, magwenga anova magirazi, chando chikuru, maguta ekoloni akanyura munhoroondo, uye mahombekombe egungwa ane ruvara rwegirini uko nguva inomira. Kubva kuPatagonia kusvika kuCaribbean, kubva kuAtlantic kusvika kuPacific, kondinendi iyi ine dzimwe nzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo pasi rose.
Parwendo urwu, tichayambuka South America kubva kumaodzanyemba kuenda kuchamhembe uye kumabvazuva kuenda kumadokero kuti tiwane zvishamiso zvayo zvechisikigo zvinoshamisa, pamwe chete nemaguta ane mukurumbira nenzvimbo dzekare dzinozivikanwa pasi rose. Uchawana nzvimbo dzinozivikanwa neUNESCO, dziri pane rondedzero dzepasi rose dzenzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo pasi rose, uye matombo akavanzika ayo mufambi wese anorota kushanyira kanenge kamwe chete muhupenyu hwake.
Nzvimbo dzinofanirwa kuonekwa dzeSouth America: kubva musango kusvika kuchando chisingaperi
South America, inonziwo Sudamérica kana kuti Suramérica , inogara kumaodzanyemba kwekondinendi yeAmerica uye inoyambuka equator iri kuchamhembe kwayo, saka nzvimbo yayo yakawanda iri kuSouthern Hemisphere. Nzvimbo iyi, pamwe chete nemamiriro ekunze akasiyana-siyana nenzvimbo, inotsanangura huwandu hwakawanda hwezvishamiso zvechisikigo, nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuchera matongo, uye tsika dzakanaka dzinoita kuti ive nzvimbo isingadzivisike.
Murwendo rumwe chete, unogona kubatanidza masango emvura, makomo eAndean, nzvimbo dzakakwirira, madhamu akakwirira, chando, magwenga, zvitsuwa zvinoputika , nemaguta ane simba ekoloni. Hazvisi tsaona kuti magazini ekufambisa anozivikanwa pasi rose ane nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzeLatin America pakati penzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo pasi rose, kana kuti masangano akaita seUNESCO akazivisa nzvimbo idzi dzakawanda seNzvimbo dzeNhaka Dzepasi Pose.
Mumitsara inotevera tichaongorora zvakadzama dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoyevedza dzeSouth America nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri pedyo dzakakosha pakunzwisisa hupfumi hwechisikigo netsika dzeLatin America yese: kubva kuMachu Picchu kusvika kuAngel Falls, kupfuura nemuAmazon, Salar de Uyuni, Patagonia kana Galapagos.
Machu Picchu nenzvimbo dzakanaka dzeAndean
Pakati pemakomo eAndes ePeru pane Machu Picchu , nhare yeInca ine mukurumbira iri pakati pemakomo ari pamusoro peRwizi rweUrubamba. Ichionekwa senzvimbo huru yekushanyira Peru uye chimwe chezviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi rose, inosanganisa matongo ematombo emuzana remakore rechi15 nenzvimbo yechisikigo inoshamisa.
Rakavakwa pamusoro pegomo, rakakomberedzwa nenhongonya dzakafukidzwa nemiti nemakore anochinja-chinja, guta rekare reInca rinotarisa gomba rakadzika rine materasi, matemberi, uye masitepisi akavezwa. Mufananidzo waHuayna Picchu uri kumashure watova mufananidzo wengano. Hausi chiratidzo chePeru chete, asi chenyika yese: unowanzotsanangurwa senzvimbo iyo munhu anofanira kushanyira kanenge kamwe chete muhupenyu hwake.
Kusvika ikoko, uchitevera tsoka dzehunhu hweInca , kunosimbisa kunzwa ikoko kwemashiripiti. Kungave kuburikidza neInca Trail kana dzimwe nzira, nzvimbo dzakatenderedza masango ane makore, nzizi dzakamanikana, nemakomo ane matombo akasimba zvinowedzera simba rekuona kwenzvimbo yekuchera matongo. Chaizvoizvo, i "chando pakeke" cherwendo rwese rwunopfuura nedunhu reAndean.
Pedyo, nzvimbo yeAndean ine zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshamisa: mipata mitsvene, makomo akafukidzwa nechando, uye misha yechinyakare uko llamas iri chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu, zvichipedzisa imwe yenzvimbo dzakanaka dzetsika nedzechisikigo pasi rose. Pamwe chete, makomo eAndes anoumba musimboti weSouth America uye ndiwo anokonzera nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinoyevedza, pamwe nenzvimbo yekugara kweAndean condor.
Magwenga, madhamu emunyu nenzvimbo dzakatetepa dzinobva kune imwe nyika
Kana paine nzvimbo imwe chete muSouth America inoita kunge isina kurota, iSalar de Uyuni muBolivia. Iyi nzvimbo hombe ine munyu ndiyo yakakura kupfuura dzose pasi rose, nzvimbo chena yakatambanudzwa kusvika panogona kuonekwa neziso. Kana pamusoro paoma, kupenya kunenge kwava kudzima; munguva yemvura, mvura yakatetepa inoshandura nzvimbo yacho kuita girazi rakakwana, ichiratidza denga uye ichigadzira fungidziro yekufamba pakati pemakore.
Seri kwenzvimbo iyi inenge isingawanzoitiki kune ngano dzekare . Imwe yenyaya dzinozivikanwa zvikuru pamusoro peTunupa, iyo yava gomo rinoputika riri pedyo, uyo aive mukadzi anodiwa uyo, mushure mekusuwa kukuru, akarega mukaka uchiyerera kubva mumazamu ake, zvichikonzera kuyerera kwemunyu. Rudzi urwu rwenyaya runosimbisa hukama huripo pakati pezvisikwa nengano dzinoratidza nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeAndes.
Maawa mashoma kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzerenje munharaunda iyi, Laguna Colorada inoonekwa zvakanyanya , zvakare munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeBolivia. Gungwa remunyu iri, riri mujinga memakomo eAndes, rinozivikanwa nemvura yaro yakatsvuka zvakanyanya, inogadzirwa nealgae inokura mumamiriro ekunze akaomarara emwaranzi yezuva nemunyu. Musiyano uripo pakati pemvura tsvuku, maganda emunyu machena, uye makomo machena nemakomo anoputika zvinoita kuti pave nemufananidzo wepasi rose.
Imwe hofori hombe iLake Titicaca , inogovaniswa nePeru neBolivia. Iri pakakwirira mamita 3812 pamusoro pegungwa, ndiyo dziva rakakwirira kupfuura mamwe ose pasi rose. Rakakamurwa kuita makungwa maviri makuru: Lake Titicaca, inozivikanwawo seChucuito, yakadzika uye yakakura, uye Lake Huiñamarca, diki uye isina kudzika. Zvitsuwa zvayo, zvimwe zvacho zvakagadzirwa netsanga dzetotora, uye nharaunda dzinogara madziri, zvinowedzera kukosha kukuru kwetsika kunzvimbo inotoshamisa.
Kumucheto wekumaodzanyemba kwekondinendi, dunhu reBariloche muArgentina neSeven Lakes Route zvinopa nzvimbo dzakasiyana asi dzakanaka zvakaenzana: makomo ane masango, madhamu ane mavara akasiyana, sinou yechando, nemisha midiki ine magadzirirwo emakomo. Kubva muna Zvita kusvika Kurume, kana iri nguva yechando muEurope, inenge iri zhizha ikoko; uye zvinopesana, zvinokubvumidza kusanganisa mitambo yechando nerwendo rwemumugwagwa kuburikidza nePatagonia zvichienderana nenguva yegore.
Patagonia uye makomo echando anoshamisa kwazvo
Patagonia inotambanuka kumaodzanyemba kweArgentina neChile uye ine dzimwe nzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo muSouth America: makomo makuru, makomo akakombama, makungwa ebhuruu, uye makomo echando makuru anonyura mumvura ine chando. Kudivi reArgentina, chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa iPerito Moreno Glacier.
Glacier yePerito Moreno ichando chakakura kwazvo chiri muLago Argentino department, mudunhu reSanta Cruz. Madziro ayo, akareba mamita makumi matanhatu pamusoro pemvura uye akareba makiromita masere, anoumba rusvingo rwebhuruu nechena rwerunako rusingatsananguriki. Kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kwechando kunoita kuti rurimi rwechando rupwanyike nguva nenguva, zvichikonzera maburi makuru achirovera mudziva uye zvichikonzera kutinhira kukuru.
Kune rimwe divi reAndes, muChile, kune Torres del Paine National Park , imwe yemapaki echisikigo anoyevedza zvikuru muSouthern Hemisphere. Matombo ayo akasiyana egranite, madhamu akajeka, chando, uye makomo makuru uko maguanacos anodya miriwo zvinopa nzvimbo yakanaka yekufamba netsoka uye vanofarira kutora mifananidzo yezvisikwa.
Munzvimbo iyi, kufamba kwemazuva akawanda kunokutendera kuti upinde munyika ine makomo akakombama, mipata yakarembera, uye masango ane mhepo. Kunzwa kwehukuru uye kuzviparadzanisa kunoita kuti Patagonia ive chinhu chinonakidza kune vafambi vazhinji. Kuchamhembe, Seven Lakes Route yeArgentina inobatanidza madhamu ane mavara akasiyana-siyana, kubva kubhuruu rakadzika kusvika kune girini dzine mukaka, zvichigadzira imwe yenzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo munyika.
Mapopoma ane mukurumbira zvikuru mukondinendi uye mamwe mapopoma ane mukurumbira
Pakati pezvishamiso zvikuru zvechisikigo zveSouth America, Iguazu Falls , iri pamuganhu weArgentina neBrazil, hapana mubvunzo kuti ndiyo inonyanya kuoneka. Muunganidzwa uyu wemapopoma 275 wakapararira kumativi ese eRwizi rweIguazu, kunyange hazvo anenge 80% emapopoma akaungana munzvimbo yeArgentina.
Mapopoma aya ari mukati memapaki enyika akachengetedzwa munyika mbiri idzi: Iguazú National Park muArgentina neIguaçu National Park muBrazil. Akaziviswa kuti ndeimwe yeZvishamiso Zvinomwe zvePasirose, uye zvakakodzera kuti: simba remvura, zvinomera zvakapoteredzwa , uye "Dhiabhorosi Huro" zvinogadzira chitarisiko chinoshamisa kunyange kune avo vakaona mifananidzo yakawanda vasati vashanyira.
Kubva munzira dzekufamba netsoka nenzvimbo dzekuona, unogona kunakidzwa nemaonero akasiyana enzvimbo yese, uye kune mafambiro echikepe anokusvitsa pedyo nemapopoma kuti uzvionere wega simba remvura. Kudivi reBrazil, ndege dzeherikoputa dzinopihwa kuti unzwisise hukuru hwenzvimbo yacho kubva mumhepo, sarudzo iyo vafambi vazhinji vanosarudza kupedzisa rwendo rwavo.
Kuchamhembe, muVenezuela, imwe popoma yakawana nzvimbo pakati penzvimbo dzinoshamisa kwazvo pasi rose: Angel Falls . Iri muCanaima National Park, muBolÃvar State, popoma iyi inodonha kubva pamusoro peimwe ye tepuis muGran Sabana uye inoonekwa sepopoma refu kupfuura mamwe ose pasi rose, ine kudonha kwemamita angangoita chiuru. Inowanzonzi yakakwirira ka15 kusvika ku19 kupfuura Niagara Falls, zvichienderana nechikamu chiri kuenzaniswa.
Amazon nemasango ane zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana
Amazon inopfuura rwizi chete: ihurongwa hukuru hunoyerera nemunyika dzinoverengeka dzeSouth America, kunyanya Brazil, Peru, neColombia, asiwo Venezuela, Ecuador, neBolivia. Muganhu weAmazon ndimo mune sango guru remvura rinogara richinaya pasi rose uye rinozivikanwa se "mapapu epasi rose" nekuda kwebasa rayo guru mukutenderera kwemvura nekabhoni.
Rwizi rweAmazon, runoonekwa serwakakura kupfuura mamwe ose pasi rose, runonzi rune mvura yakawanda kupfuura rwizi rweMississippi, rweYangtze, nerweNile zvakabatanidzwa, ruchiunganidza chikamu chimwe muzvishanu chemvura yakachena yepasi rose. Kufamba mumvura yaro, ichimonereka pakati pemahombekombe akafukidzwa nemiti yakasvibira, kunoita kuti pave nepfungwa yekufamba-famba uye chakavanzika chakakwezva vafambi vanobva kumativi ese epasi kwemakumi emakore.
Dunhu reAmazon rine marudzi emiti anopfuura 40,000 uye marudzi eshiri anosvika 1300 , pamwe chete nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emhuka dzinoyamwisa, zvinokambaira, mhuka dzinogara mumvura nepanyika, nezvipembenene. Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzesango remvura, unogona kushanyira nharaunda dzemuno dzinochengetedza tsika dzemadzitateguru, zvichiwedzera tsika dzakasimba parwendo urwu.
Dzimwe nyika, dzakadai sePeru, dzinopa mukana wekubatanidza kushanya kuAmazon nenhaka yeInca, dzichiita nzendo dzinobatanidza Machu Picchu nemasango emvura murwendo rumwe chete. MuBrazil, guta reManaus rinowanzova nzira yekufamba nechikepe murwizi uye kugara mumahotera ari musango; muColombia, Leticia anovhura mukana wekuona mafambiro ezvekuchengetedza nharaunda uye kuona mhuka dzesango nemiti.
Zvitsuwa, zvitsuwa zvezvitsuwa nemahombekombe egungwa anorota
MuEcuadorian Pacific mune imwe yenzvimbo dzinozivikanwa zvikuru pasi rose: Zvitsuwa zveGalápagos , zvinozivikanwawo seColumbus Archipelago. Boka iri rezvitsuwa zvinoputika, riri makiromita angangoita chiuru kubva kumahombekombe eEcuador, ndiro rakabatsira Charles Darwin kusimudzira dzidziso yake yekushanduka-shanduka kwemakore anopfuura 150 apfuura. Ikoko, akazviwana akakomberedzwa nenyika yemusango munzvimbo inenge yemwedzi.
Zvitsuwa zveGalapagos ndiyo nzvimbo yechipiri pakukura yekuchengetedzwa kwegungwa pasi rose uye zvakaziviswa seNhaka Yenyika neUNESCO muna 1978. Ndiwo musha wehuwandu hwakanyanya hwezvisikwa zviripo pasi rose: chitsuwa chimwe nechimwe chine musanganiswa waro wezvisikwa nemiti , pamwe nekamba hombe, maguana emugungwa, shiri dzine makumbo matema nezvimwe zvisikwa zvakawanda zvinoita sekunge zvinobva munguva imwe chete yezvepasi.
Pakati pegungwa reVenezuelan Caribbean, zvitsuwa zveLos Roques zvine nzvimbo yakasiyana zvikuru asi isingakanganwiki. Iyi paki yegungwa, inoonekwa seyakakura muLatin America, ine zvitsuwa nemakori akakomberedzwa nemvura yakachena uye mahombekombe ane jecha jena. Ndiyo nzvimbo yakakwana yekuzorora zvakakwana, kungave kusnorkeling, kunyura mumvura, kana kungozorora munzvimbo ine paradhiso.
Imwe nzvimbo inokosha inowanikwa muColombia: Tayrona National Park , iri pamhenderekedzo yeCaribbean, uko masango emvura anonaya mvura akadzikama achienda kugungwa. Mahombekombe ayo, ane jecha rakareruka nemvura ine turquoise yakadzikama, anogara pamwe chete nemasango akakora nemakomo anovhara denga. Kunze kwekunge iri nzvimbo inoshamisa yechisikigo, nzvimbo iyi yakazara nehukuru hwemadzitateguru nekuda kwenhoroondo uye kugara kuripo kwenharaunda dzemuno kubva kuSierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Kunyange zvazvo ichiri kutarisa pamahombekombe ane mukurumbira, Rio de Janeiro inofanirwa kuva nzvimbo yayo senzvimbo yeguta remahombekombe. Maonero eguta kubva kuChrist the Redeemer Mountain kana Sugarloaf Mountain, ine gungwa rayo, mahombekombe eCopacabana neIpanema, uye makomo akafukidzwa nemiti, ndeimwe yemaposkare anozivikanwa zvikuru muSouth America. Kubatanidzwa kwegungwa, makomo, neguta guru rinotenderera kurira kwesamba kunoita kuti pave nechitarisiko chakasiyana zvechokwadi.
Maguta ekoloni, tsika dzekugara uye nzvimbo dzekofi
Kunze kwehunhu hwayo husina kugayiwa, South America inewo nzvimbo dzakanaka dzetsika . Mumwe wemienzaniso yakanaka iCartagena de Indias, Colombia. Guta iri rakakomberedzwa nemasvingo riri pamhenderekedzo yeCaribbean rinochengetedza nerudo nzvimbo yaro yenhoroondo yekoloni: masvingo, nhare, nenhare dzakakomberedza network yemigwagwa yematombo akakombama, mabhakoni azere nemaruva, uye nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekuzorora. Ndiyo nzvimbo huru yevashanyi munyika uye inzira yakakwana yekunzwisisa nhaka yeSpain munharaunda iyi.
Rimwe guta guru risingafaniri kupotsa parwendo rwekuSouth America iBuenos Aires , Argentina. Guta iri rine vanhu vakawanda, bohemian, uye tsika dzakasiyana-siyana, rinosanganisa nharaunda dzerudzi rweEurope, macafe ekare, zvitoro zvemabhuku zvine mukurumbira, uye nzvimbo ine tsika dzakanaka. Tango, asado, neBuenos Aires husiku zvinosangana zvakanaka nemapaki, nzira huru, uye simba remaguta iro vazhinji vanotsanangura serinoda uye rinosuruvarisa.
MuColombia, guta guru reBogotá rakazvigadzira senzvimbo huru yebhizinesi uye, panguva imwe chete, seguta rakazara nemamiziyamu, hunyanzvi hwemaguta, uye zvinhu zvetsika. Rinoshanda senzira yekuenda kune vafambi vazhinji uye nzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga kuongorora dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Kusanganiswa kwaro kwenzvimbo dzekare, nzvimbo dzemazuva ano, nenzvimbo dzetsika kunoita kuti rive guta guru rine hupenyu.
Kubva kuBogotá, unogona kuenda kuCoffee Region , pakati penyika yekofi yeColombia, imwe yenzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo dzekumaruwa munyika. Makomo akafukidzwa neminda yekofi, mataundi ane dzimba dzawo dzine mavara, uye mipata yakazara nemiti mikuru yewax—senge iri muCocora Valley, inoonekwa seimwe yenzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo muColombia—zvinoita kuti pave nerunyararo uye yakasvibira. Pano, uchanzwisisa kuti nei kofi iri chinhu chinokudza nyika.
Mumufananidzo uyu wetsika dzeLatin America, zvakakoshawo kutaura kuti nzvimbo dzakadai seCosta Rica neDominican Republic dzakaratidzwa mune runyorwa rwemafambiro evashanyi, uye kuti dunhu rese riri kugadzirira kuwedzera kwekushanya . Mayunivhesiti nenzvimbo dzekudzidzisa dziri kupa mapurogiramu akakosha mukugamuchira vaenzi nekutarisira kushanya kuti vagadzirise kukura uku, vachiongorora zvese kubva mumamiriro ehupfumi emakambani ari muchikamu ichi kusvika kune matekiniki ekugadzirisa mitengo nekuvandudza purofiti.
Magwenga, maonde nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeSouth America
Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzeSouth America, magwenga ane nzvimbo yakakoshawo. Semuenzaniso, muPeru, dunhu reIca rine madutu egoridhe anotambanuka kusvika kumusoro uye nzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo: Huacachina. Gungwa diki iri rakakomberedzwa nemiti yemichindwe nenzvimbo dzekugara rave rimwe renzvimbo dzinonyanya kukwezva vanhu murenje rePeru , rakanakira kukwira jecha, kutasva mabhasikoro, uye kuona kunyura kwezuva kunofadza.
Makiromita mashoma kubva ipapo kune Nazca Lines , ma geoglyphs makuru akacherwa murenje anogona kungonzwisiswa zvizere kubva mumhepo. Kunyangwe basa rawo chairo richiri nyaya inokakavadzana, iwo mumwe muenzaniso wekuti vanhu vakasiya chiratidzo chavo sei munzvimbo dzakaoma dzeSouth America.
Pakati peSouth Pacific pane Easter Island isinganzwisisike , iri yeChile. Kunyangwe iri yoga, inowanzobatanidzwa nenzvimbo dzakanaka dzetsika dzedunhu iri. Nematombo ayo makuru, akavezwa zvakanaka ane matombo ari pakati pemamita mana negumi pakureba, chitsuwa ichi chaionekwa nevagari vekare se "guvhu renyika." Kukura kwaro kudiki uye kuparadzaniswa kwaro kwakasimudzira tsika yakasiyana iyo nhaka yayo yekuchera matongo ichiri kufadza vaongorori nevashanyi.
Kuchamhembe kwechitsuwa cheCentral America, asi chakabatana zvikuru nenhoroondo nenzvimbo dzeLatin America, kune Tikal , muGuatemala. Matongo aya eMayan, ane mapiramidhi nematombo ekare aimbogara vanhu zviuru makumi, anobuda pakati pesango, achibatanidza nzvimbo yetsika neyakasikwa yepamusoro-soro. UNESCO yakazivisa kuti ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yenhaka yenyika, ichiratidza kukosha kwayo kaviri.
Nzvimbo idzi, kunyange hazvo dzimwe dzisiri muSouth America chete, dzinopedzisa mufananidzo wenzvimbo iyo zvisikwa netsika dzekare dzevaHispanic dzakagadzira mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kuenzana mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi.
Kana tichitarisa mufananidzo wese, zviri pachena kuti "nyika itsva" ine zvese zvezororo risingakanganwiki: chando, mapopoma marefu, masango emvura asingaperi, magwenga emashiripiti, maguta emakoloni, zvitsuwa zviri kure, uye mahombekombe eCaribbean. Hazvisi zvekuwedzeredza kutaura kuti nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakanakisa dzekufambisa muSouth America dzinogona kushandura zororo riri nyore kuita chiitiko chakanyanya kuoma muhupenyu hwako.
