Hazvifanirwe kukurira munzvimbo yekumaruwa kuti pane imwe nguva unzwe nezve miti ine mashizha. Kana iwe usiri zvakanyanya munyika yebhotani, zvinogona kukushamisa iwe kuti kune marudzi akasiyana emiti. Kutaura zvazviri hazvishamisi, sezvo chitarisiko uye rudzi rweshizha zvinosiyana zvikuru pakati pavo.
Muchikamu chino tichatsanangura chii miti uye ndezvipi zvinobatsira zvavanotiunzira. Mukuwedzera, tichakurukura zvimwe mienzaniso kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuwana zano riri nani rekuti izvi zvinomera zvakakura zvakaita sei.
Miti ine mashizha chii?
Ngatitangei nechinhu chinonyanya kukosha: Chii chinonzi miti ine mashizha? Zvakanaka, ivo vose avo miti vane hunde gobvu nekorona ine gwenzi; nematavi mazhinji nemashizha akawanda. Kutaura zvazviri, iyo yekupedzisira ndiyo inonyanya kuvaratidza.
Kazhinji miti ine mashizha vane mikukutu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mumwaka inotonhora zvikuru yegore, ingava matsutso nechando, dzinorasa mashizha. Sezvinomera zvese, rudzi urwu rwemuti rwakanyanya kukosha kune ecosystem, tisingataure runako rwavanounza kune iyo nyika. Havasi ivo chete vanopa mumvuri pamazuva ezhizha ezhizha, asi vanogadzira chiratidziro chine mavara mumatsutso sezvo mashizha avo anoshanduka kubva kugirinhi kusvika kune yero, orenji uye tsvuku.
Kunze kwekuve vakanyanya kunaka kufunga, ivo vanoitikawo kuva kukosha kukuru kune zvakatipoteredza. Aya ndiwo mamwe emabhenefiti akawanda avanounza kwatiri uye kupasi rose:
- Kugadzira microclimates: Miti ine mashizha inogadzira zvakakosha microclimates kudzivirira nekuchengetedza maruva mazhinji nemhuka. Muchokwadi, inenge 80% yezvirimwa zvese nemhuka dzinogara nemhando idzi dzemiti dzinotsamira pazviri kuti dzirarame.
- Mvura yakachena: Zvinoitika kuti miti inoshanda semhando yemasikirwo sefa yemvura. Waiziva here kuti chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemvura yose yekunwa mumaguta inotengwa munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa masango?
- Kugadzira Oxygen: Sezvo vazhinji venyu munotoziva, zvirimwa zvinoshandura kabhoni dhaikisaidhi kuita oxygen usiku. Inofungidzirwa kuti yakatenderedza 22 miti yevakuru inodiwa kugadzira iyo okisijeni inodiwa kuti munhu mumwe ararame kwezuva.
Mienzaniso Yemiti Yemashizha
Zvatave kuziva kuti miti ine mashizha chii, ngatitarisei mimwe mienzaniso of them.
Robles
Ngatitange nekutaura zvishoma nezvemiti yemiouki. Iyo miti yakasvibira kana yakasvibira yakawanda muEurope, kunyanya kuchamhembe. Kune anopfuura 800 marudzi emiti yemiouki akapararira pasirese uye nhasi anogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzemumaguta.
Patinotaura nezvemiouki, tinofungidzira miti mikuru uye mikuru. Zvakajairika, sezvo vachigona kuyera pakati pe30 ne40 metres kureba. Zvakare, vane tarisiro yeupenyu yemakore 200! Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti maoki, pakati pemamwe marudzi emiti, kugadzira acorns, izvo zvakakosha zvekudya zvemhuka dzakasiyana siyana, setsindi nedzimwe shiri.
Pamusoro pe, mhando dzemiti iyo yatinowana muchisiko yakasiana-siana zvikuru, uye mioki mumwe wemienzaniso inosanozivikanwa.
Maples
Mumwe muenzaniso wemiti yemashizha ndiyo genus yemaples. Dzinowanzokura mumamiriro ekunze anodziya, kunyanya kuNorthern Hemisphere. Ndekupi kumwe kwatingawana miriwo iyi muEurope, United States, Canada neSoutheast Asia. Kune marudzi anosvika zana nemakumi matanhatu akasiyana anogamuchirwa zviri pamutemo, asi anopfuura mazana manomwe akatsanangurwa erudzi urwu. Pakati pavo vose, iyo inogona kusimbiswa zvakanyanya ishuga maple (Acer), inova ndiyo mhando inoshandiswa kugadzira yakakurumbira maple syrup.
Mamepu anoratidzirwa nemashizha awo emichindwe, ane marobe akati wandei uye chitarisiko chakafanana neicho cheruoko rwakavhurika. Anowanzoita rima rakasvibira muzhizha, asi anochinja kune akajeka mimvuri yetsvuku, orenji, uye yero mukudonha. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi hazvishamisi kuti miti yakakurumbira kwazvo pakushongedza kwenzvimbo mumapaki nemapindu. Kunaka kwemashizha awo kunoita kuti vakosheswe zvakanyanya, sezvakaita marudzi emashizha atinogona kuwana pane mimwe miti.
Chinhu chinonakidza chemiti yemaple ndeyekuti mashizha awo akasiyana-siyana, uye chaizvoizvo, iwe unogona kuona akawanda awo mumapaki.
Miti yemadota
Ngatienderere mberi nemiti yemadota. Iwo rudzi rwemiti inodonha yemhuri ye mafuta. Kune pakati pe45 ne65 marudzi akasiyana emiti yemadota anowanikwa pasi rose. Vanogona kuyera pakati pe15 ne20 metres kureba uye vane tarisiro yehupenyu ingangoita makore mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu.
Pakati pezvinhu zvikuru zvemiti iyi kugadzirwa kwayo kwemhodzi dzine mapapiro mumatsutso, iyo inoparadzirwa nemhepo, ichigadzira zvinoshamisa zvikuru kufamba kwepropeller. Pamusoro pekushongedza kwayo kukosha, miti yemadota inokosha huni dzayo. Sezvo inowanzova yakaoma uye isingagadziriswi, inoshandiswa mukugadzira zvose fenicha uye pasi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.
Mune pfungwa iyi, the miti ine midzi mishoma Inogona kubatsira munzvimbo diki, kunyangwe miti yemadota isinganyanyi kusarudzwa kuzviitiko zvakadaro.
Poplars
Iyo genus yemapoplar zvakare chikamu chemiti ine mashizha. Iyi miti inodonha yemhuri Salicaceae. Zvichienderana nerudzi, kureba kwayo kunosiyana kubva pa10 kusvika ku30 metres. Mukuwedzera, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vari kukurumidza kukura, izvo zvinoita kuti vave vakakurumbira zvikuru munyika yekugadzira nyika.
Mipopori inonzi ndeyechokwadi zvisinganzwisisike uye kuporesa zvinhu, zvichienderana netsika. MuJapan, somuenzaniso, kune chitendero chokuti matavi anochinjika emiti iyi anobatsira kutyisa midzimu yakaipa. Mumwe muenzaniso waizova weEuropean Inquisition, iyo yakashandisa aya mapazi kurova avo vaipomerwa mhosva duku, ichiashandisa senzira yokuyananisira nayo.
Mapopura anewo kukosha kukuru kwekuchengetedza. kudyara masango, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza zvinhu zvipenyu, sezvinoita mimwe miti ine mashizha.
Elms
Pakupedzisira tinofanira kuratidza elms. Imhando yemiti inodonha yemhuri ulmaceae uye iyo inotambanukira kunenge kuchamhembe kwehemisphere yose. Nezvekuonekwa kwemiti iyi, vane a korona yakawedzerwa uye yakasviba grey bark. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kune bonsai elm, inozivikanwa seChinese elm (Ulmus parvifloia) Inofarirwa zvikuru, sezvo inoshivirira kuchekerera zvakanaka kwazvo.
Iyi yangova mienzaniso mishoma yemiti ine mashizha, asi kune mimwe mishoma inotipa mweya weokisijeni kuti tirarame uye nzvimbo dzinoyevedza.