Maruva matsvuku ndiwo anowanzo gara muzvisikwa, ivara rinokwevera kutarisisa kweziso remunhu. Kwese kwese kwakaiswa Maruva Matsvuku anove nzvimbo yekutarisa uye saka anoiswa zvine hungwaru mumagadzirirwo enzvimbo. Nenzira imwe cheteyo, vane chirevo chine chokuita nechido uye kunzwa kworudo. Ini ndinokukoka iwe kuti uwane akasiyana marudzi eRed Flowers.
Maruva Matsvuku neMarudzi Awo
Mavara emaruva anogadziriswa nemavara anowanikwa mumiti. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa pigment zita rinonzi chlorophyll, iyo inopa zvirimwa ruvara rwegirini. Kuwedzera kune chlorophyll, zvidyarwa zvinowanikwa neXanthophyll uye Anthocyanin pigments, izvo zvinoenderana nehukuru hwavo hunhu, ichava iyo inomira kunze uye inosarudza ruvara rwemaruva. Muzvirimwa zvine Maruva Matsvuku, vane huwandu hukuru hweXanthophyll.
Xanthophyll pigment ndiyo pigment inobvumira maruva, mashizha, madzinde kuve matsvuku, yero kana shava. Anthocyanins, kune rumwe rutivi, ivara rinobvumira bhuruu, mauve, pepuru uye lilac tones kuti ionekwe. Zvichienderana nehukuru kana hushoma huwandu hwemavara aya anowanikwa mumaruva, inosarudza ruvara rwavo kana ruvara rwakajeka.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti anenge ese maruva anongopa imwe chete yeaya pigment maviri, ndiko kuti, iwo angave ane xanthophyll mune yavo genetics kana ane anthocyanins. Kunyangwe genetics inotungamira iyo pigment iri muruva, ruvara rwemaruva runogonawo kutariswa nemamiriro ekunze senge pH ye substrate, pamwe nepollinator yaunoda kukwezva. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti zvidyarwa zveFlores Rojas mhedzisiro, zvinokura zvakanyanya muivhu reasidhi uye zvakasvibiswa nemahummingbirds. Ndinokupa mamwe Maruva Matsvuku anoshamisa.
dahlias
Dalias zvidyarwa zvinozvarwa kuAmerican kondinendi uye zvinogoverwa muCentral America, kunyanya munyika yeMexico. Midzi yemiti iyi inofanana nembatatisi, iyo ine kudya uye kushandiswa kwemishonga. Maruva ayo Matsvuku ari muchimiro chechitsauko, vanopa dhisiki repakati remavara matsvuku uye yero ane petals ezvakanyanya dzvuku ruvara rutsvuku.
Maruva aya ane dhayamita inosiyana pakati pe5 kusvika ku30 centimita, mapeti awo anogona kusvika kupfuura 500 petals muruva rimwe nerimwe uye akarongwa mumitsara imwe chete, kaviri uye yakawanda. Nekuda kwekunaka kwemaruva avo, Dahlias anoshandiswa semiti yekushongedza uye michinjikwa yakawanda yakagadzirwa, kuwana maDahlia mahybrids ane mavara emaruva akasiyana, kunze kwegirinhi nebhuruu. Nekudaro, maDahlias ane echinyakare Maruva Matsvuku achiri anoyevedza uye anotsvakwa.
Chinese kana cayenne roses
Iyi shrub yakanaka ine zita resainzi Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, inogamuchira mazita akasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nenyika kwainorimwa, mamwe acho ndeaya: Chinese rose, papo, Pacific sea, cayenne, hibiscus, cardinal, kana kuti mamwe. Ruva rayo rakatsvuka, rine kakunhuhwirira kadiki kana kusatombovapo, rakakura muhukuru. Mumunda wehorticultural, vakagadzira maruva akasiyana-siyana: tsvuku tsvuku, ichipfuura nemuchena, orenji yero uye maruva ane pink tints. Mukuwedzera pakugadzira maruva emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakagadzirwa nemaruva ane kaviri nhamba yepetals kupfuura nhamba yemaruva echisikigo.
Chilean Jasmine (Mandevilla lax)
Chilean Jasmine chirimwa (Mandevilla lax) ndeyemhuri yeApocinaceae, yakaberekerwa kuSouth America neCentral America, vari kukwira makwenzi anozivikanwa nemazita akasiyana akajairika, mamwe acho ndeaya: Jasmine anobva kuChile, Dipladenia, mandevilla, Jasmine anobva kuJujuy, Jasmine anobva kuArgentina, pakati pevamwe. . Iri gwenzi rinokwira rinosvika pamamita mashanu, mashizha aro anenge masendimita gumi kureba, ane oval maumbirwo, akarongwa pamatavi neimwe nzira.
Maruva ayo matsvuku, matsvuku kana machena, ane tubular muchimiro uye ane 5 petals, ane kunhuhwirira kwakanaka, kunotumbuka pakutanga kwezhizha. Izvo zvinomera zvekushandiswa kwekushongedza, nekuda kwechimiro chavo chekukura chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kushandiswa mu pergolas nemadziro, nokuda kweizvi vanofanira kuisa chimiro chinoshanda semutungamiri uye chitsigiro. Kana yakura muhari, dzinofanirwa kunge dzakakura nekuti Chili Jasmine chirimwa chakadzika midzi.
Iyo yakanaka Gerberas
Maruva emiti yeGerbera yakaisvonaka inobva kune yakatsvuka, kuburikidza nemavara ero, machena, orenji uye pink. Ndiwo mamwe emaruva makuru akachekwa anotengeswa zvakanyanya nhasi. Maruva eGerbera anosiyaniswa neawo makuru capitula uye bilabiate corollas. Iyo yakanaka Gerberas inobva kuSouth Africa, sezvo miti iyi yakatanga kukura sechishongo chemaruva avo akanaka, inoparadzirwa kubva kuCentral Asia, South America neOceania.
Gladiola maruva
Mamwe Maruva Matsvuku akanaka kwazvo maGladiolas (Gladioli sp.), izita rinowanikwa rezvirimwa izvi zviri zvemhuri yeIridaceae, inomiririrwa nemhando mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu. Kugoverwa kwayo kunobata nharaunda yeMediterranean yeEurope, uye makondinendi eAsia neAfrica. Gladiolas ane maruva anoshamisira kwazvo, zygomorphic, akarongedzerwa marefu maspikes, kureba kwawo kunosvika pakati pe250 centimita kusvika 30 mita pakureba. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwayo ndeye floriculture semaruva akachekwa, mamwe mahybrids ayo anoshandiswawo sekushongedza, nekuda kwemavara avo makuru.
Iwo tulips
Tulips ndeyemhuri yeLiliaceae, iyo yatinowanzobatanidza neNetherlands, pamwe neTurkey neIran. Vakarimwa kubva kuXI muAnatolia, mavambo avo anobva kumakomo ePamir neHindu Kush muKazakhstan uye akagoverwa kubva kuMiddle East, Iran neAfghanistan, peninsula yeAnatolian, Southern Europe, North Africa uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva uye kumabvazuva. China.
Tulips ndeye herbaceous uye bulbous zvirimwa, ine tsinde iri nyore iyo isingawanzo diki, maruva ayo ari hermaphrodite uye actinomorphic anokura akatwasuka uye kashoma mune pendulum chimiro, anokura muhuwandu kubva 1 kusvika 3 kumucheto wepamusoro wemaruva. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwemahybrids, pari zvino kune zviuru zvishanu zvemhando dzemhando dzeTulips.
poppy poppy yakanaka
Mhedzisiro yePoppy yakaisvonaka haisati yazivikanwa, kana kugoverwa kwayo mumakondinendi eEurope, Asia neAfrica ichizivikanwa. Inogamuchira zita resainzi re papaver rhoea, kukura kwayo kuri herbaceous, kureba kwayo kunosvika masendimita makumi mashanu. Iruva rakaisvonaka iro vaGiriki vakanongedzera kwariri seruva reAphrodite. Icho chirimwa chegore negore, nokuti munguva iyoyo inoberekwa, inokura, inobereka uye inofa.
Carnations
Carnations anowanikwa kuchamhembe kweAfrica, kumaodzanyemba kweEurope uye kumadokero kweAsia. Iyi carnations imhando ye gladiolus. Izvo zvinomera zvisingaperi, zvine avhareji urefu hwe20 kusvika 30 centimita, ine herbaceous stem, ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba. Maruva ayo akanaka kwazvo uye anoshamisira, anokura mupanicles kana nepamusoro asina kusimba.
Ruva rerudo (Anthurium sp.)
Anthurium sp. Ivo vanogashira zita rakajairika mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzerudo ruva, zvidyarwa zveAmerican mabviro izvo zvakagoverwa munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeSouth America. Iine maruva matsvuku akajeka, ane mavara ane nyama. Chirimwa chinosvika masendimita makumi mashanu pakureba, chinokura mumasango anogara achinaya mvura, muivhu rakapfuma muzvinhu zvipenyu, rine chiedza chezuva uye tembiricha dziri pakati pe50 kusvika 15 °C.
Guzmania bromeliad
Iyo isingaperi herbaceous chirimwa chemhuri yeBromeliaceae, yakaberekerwa kuAmerica uye yakaparadzirwa kubva kuPeru kuenda kuCentral America, inenge 35 centimita kureba, mashizha ayo akarongwa mu rosette. Maruva anokura mukati mebracts akatsvuka kuti piriviri kana kuti orenji. Nekuda kwekunaka kwemabract avo, vanhu vazhinji vanoavhiringa nemaruva awo.
Iwo zvirimwa zvinorimwa mumagadheni mukati memba, pahunde kana mabhasikiti ane ivhu rine porous. Inoda chiedza chezuva chakanaka, kuitira kuti ruva rayo riwane toni yakaisvonaka yakatsvuka, kunyange zvisina kunanga kudzivisa kupisa mashizha ayo. Iwo zvirimwa izvo muzvisikwa zvinokura mumasango ane hunyoro, saka kana zvakakura pamusha, zvinoda huwandu hwakanaka hwemvura, pasina mafashama substrate. Ndidzo zvirimwa zvisinganyatso shingirira kuchando.
Indian feather
Indian feather (Vriesea sp.), chirimwawo chemhuri yebromeliad, ine mhando yekukura kweherbaceous, yepasi kana epiphytic, ine hurefu huri pakati pemakumi mashanu masendimita uye mita imwe. Iine anenge gumi kusvika ku50 sessile mashizha akarongwa mu rosette. Mashizha ayo ane mitsetse ingangoita 10 kusvika 15 centimita kureba. Kupararira kwayo kunonyanya kudyiwa nemashizha ayo anokura kubva pachirimwa chimwe chete. Kana yakarimwa, inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo ine mumvuri ine chiedza chezuva.
Chaenomeles japonica
Ichi chirimwa chine bushy kukura kwechiJapan, icho chinonzi Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica), Iine mashizha anodonha, anogona kukura kureba zvingaita mamita maviri kuenda kumusoro. Icho chirimwa cherustic, chinopikisa uye chisingaverengeki mukutarisira kwayo. Icho chirimwa chekushandiswa kwekushongedza chinoshandiswa kugadzira hedges, maruva ayo anoitika mumwaka wechirimo, matsutso nechando. Munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya, chirimwa chinofarirwa zvikuru sezvo chiri chimwe chemaruva mashoma anoshongedza nzvimbo munguva yechando.
Verbena
Icho chirimwa chine herbaceous chine hunde inokambaira, matavi ayo matete uye achikwira. Mashizha ayo ari nyore, lanceolate kana ovate, 1,5 kusvika 5 centimita kureba. Inowanikwa kuSouth America uye inogoverwa kubva kuBrazil, Uruguay, Paraguay neArgentina. Maruva ayo akatsvuka dzvuku, pink, chena, mune zvakasikwa anotumbuka gore rose.
Verbena chirimwa chinogona kurimwa mukati nekunze kwemba munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa, nekuda kwerusticity chirimwa chinoda kutarisirwa kushoma. Inogona kurimwa munzvimbo dzinosvika zuva rine mwero, inogona kugadzirwa zvakare uye kuparadzirwa nembeu uye kucheka. Icho chirimwa chekushandiswa kwemishonga.
the camellias
Camellias chirimwa chine maruva makuru matsvuku akanaka, pamwe nemamwe mavara. Ichi chirimwa chinokatyamadza chose mukukura kwayo, nekuda kwemashizha ayo akasvibira, uye kana ichitumbuka, inokosheswa zvikuru nekuti inotumbuka rinenge gore rose, mumwaka wematsutso, chando uye chirimo.
Iyi shrub inosvika kureba kusvika kumamita gumi, inobva kuAsia. Dzinogona kurimwa mudzimba muhari huru dzozosimwa nekuda kwehurefu hunosvika chirimwa. Kana dzakura mumagadheni, dzinofanirwa kudyarwa munzvimbo dzine mimvuri uye kana dzikawana chiedza chezuva rakawanda, diridza mashizha awo kudzivirira mashizha awo kuti asarasikirwa neruvara rwakasvibira. Saizvozvowo, kurima munyika ine mamiriro okunze ari pakati nepakati kudzivirira kubva kuchando, dyara pedyo nemadziro uye upe fetereza yakanaka yekuvimbisa hutano hwayo.
Nhema dzehibiscus kana marshmallow
Icho chirimwa chekukura kwegwenzi, chinogona kusvika mamita matatu. Inobva kuSouth America, iyo inoshandiswa sechirimwa chekushongedza kugadzira hedge kana mhenyu fenzi. Maruva ayo machena kana matsvuku asingazaruri, nokuda kwechikonzero ichi anogamuchira zita rinowanzozivikanwa renhema hibiscus, kurara hibiscus uye marshmallow. Igwenzi rinotumbuka rinenge gore rose, rinokwanisa kurwisa chando chakareruka, sezvo richitsigira tembiricha kusvika -3°C. Kana yakasimwa mumapindu, inofanira kudzivirirwa kubva kumhepo.
the flamboyant
Muti uyu unowanikwa kumasango anotema eMadagascar, anosvika kureba kwemamita masere, ndewemhuri yebotanical yeFabaceae, inogamuchira zita rinowanzozivikanwa re "flamboyant kana murazvo wemuti", zita rayo remutero mambo Delonix, Unorimwa zvikuru muti wemunzvimbo dzinopisa. Yakave yakasikwa nenyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya akadai sePuerto Rico, Mexico, Central America, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia, Gran Canaria, pakati pevamwe.
Kurimwa kwayo kwave kwakakurumbira nokuda kwemaruva ayo makuru, anoshamisa zvikuru matsvuku, kune mamwe marudzi ane maruva eyero kana eorenji. Inotumbuka mumwaka wechirimo, kutanga kubva mugore rechishanu, inofanira kudyarwa munzvimbo ine ivhu rakadzika, kure nezvivako uye kure nemimwe miti, nekuda kwekuvhiringidza kwemidzi yayo. Muti wakakura sechishongo, unoda chiedza chezuva uye unobatsira kuti pasi pasave nezvimwe zvirimwa.
Maruva matsvuku akanaka
Roses ndeimwe yemaruva anorimwa zvakanyanya nevarimi vehorticulturists uye varimi munyika dzakasiyana. Roses inogona kuva yakasiyana-siyana yemavara echisikigo kubva kune tsvuku, yero, pink uye chena. Kune marozi akasanganiswa ane mamwe mavara akadai sebhuruu, orenji, violet, salmon uye green roses. Aya maruva akanaka ndeyekushandiswa kwekushongedza uye anopiwa zvichienderana nezvinorehwa nemavara awo.
Poinsettia
Ichi chirimwa chinokura chiri chemhuri yeEuphorbiaceae, inonzi poinsettia, Kisimusi chirimwa kana poinsettia, zita rayo resainzi Euphorbia pulcherrimaInowanikwa kuMexico neCentral America. Icho chirimwa chekushandiswa kwekushongedza uye chefloriculture. Igwenzi rinogona kusvika mamita mana kureba, rine lanceolate kana ovate mashizha, akazara kana mazino. Inotumbuka mumwedzi iri pakati paMbudzi kusvika Kukadzi. Kuti iite maruva, haigone kugamuchira chiedza kwemaawa gumi nemaviri, pakati pemwedzi waGumiguru naZvita.
Ipomea quamoclit
La Ipomea quamoclit, inozivikanwa nezita rayo rinowanzozivikanwa re cundeamor, inogara yakasvibira inokwira gore negore herbaceous, inogona kuyera kusvika mamita matatu pakureba. Inowanikwa kunzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAmerica, kunyangwe nzvimbo chaiyo yekwayakabva isingazivikanwe uye zvinogoneka kuti inobva kuMexico. Inoshandiswa semiti yekushongedza, nekuda kwekunaka kwemaruva ayo, inogona kuramba kukura munzvimbo dzinotonhora zvikuru. Inoparadzirwa nemhodzi.
Zvinoreva Maruva Matsvuku
Miti yeMaruva Matsvuku inoyemurwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwemavara ayo anoshamisa, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakanyanya kunaka uye inogamuchirwa. Uyezve, nokuti Maruva Matsvuku, netsika anobatanidzwa nechishuwo, rudo uye manzwiro akasimba. Ndiyo imwe yemaruva ane zvipo uye anotengeswa pamazuva erudo uye ushamwari, nokuda kwekufananidzira rudo rwevakaroorana, kunyengedza uye kubatana. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekunaka uye kubwinya kwemaruva aya akanaka.
Kana iwe uchida kuenderera mberi nekuverenga nezve hunhu hunoshamisa, ini ndinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge anotevera zvinyorwa: