ari Dwarf Planets dzeSolar System, ndiwo ese mapuraneti madiki anowanikwa mukati mehurongwa hwedu, angangoita mashanu atichatsanangura nekutsanangura gare gare. Muchinyorwa chinotevera, tichadzidza zvese zviripo zvekuziva nezve mhando dzemapuraneti madiki aripo nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Chii chinonzi Dwarf Planets?
Mapuraneti madiki chikamu chesolar system, kunyangwe iwo asingagamuchire kuzivikanwa kwakawanda mumunda wekuongorora nyeredzi. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti maitiro avo ndeapi uye chii chinoita kuti ive yakakosha.
Kana vanhu vabva zera rechikoro, zvidzidzo zvesainzi zvekutanga ndezvepasi uye mapuraneti. Dzinotidzidzisa kuti chadenga chinodarika sei zvingaonekwa nemaziso zuva nezuva, uye dzinoita kuti zvibvire kuti ticherechedze kuti, kure nechiedza kwemakore, kune zvimwe zvipenyu zvakafanana nemwero mukuru kana kuti muduku pane wepasi redu.
Zvisinei, nzvimbo inoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda kupfuura mapuraneti chete. Kune nyeredzi dzemakirasi akasiyana, senge, inova, semuenzaniso, iyo Nyeredzi uye inonzi Dwarf Planets. Kana iri nyeredzi, pamwero mukuru kana mudiki, inodzidzwa pane imwe nzvimbo, zvisinei, kana iri mapuraneti maduku haipfuuriri nechimiro chimwe chete ichi, sezvo chiri chidzidzo chepamusoro-soro muhuwandu hwayo hukuru. .
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peDwarf Planet neNormal Planet?
Iyo Dwarf Planets, sekutsanangurwa kwayo kweshoko, ine mapuraneti madiki muhukuru pane mamwe anoumba solar system. Zvino vazhinji vachashamisika, idiki sei? Pasina kuverenga nhamba dzakaoma kudaro, idzi dziri munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa pakati pemapuraneti "akajairika" maererano nehukuru uye asteroids.
Izvo zvambotaurwa ndeyeKubviswa Kwekutanga uye imwe yedzakajairwa uye yakajairwa tsananguro dzinoitwa zuva nezuva, uye kunyangwe chiri chikamu chechokwadi, haisiriyo chirevo icho nyika ichaverengerwa seinonzi "Dwarf planet" . Asi, maitiro echokwadi ndeaya anotevera:
- Inowanikwa mu a Orbit kutenderedza Zuva.Izvi zvinoreva, kana pasi rino richitenderera iyi nyeredzi huru yepakati.
- Huremu hwayo hwakakwana kuti simba rayo rinokweva ripfuure remuviri wakaoma. Muchidimbu: Nyika ino ine denderedzwa kana kuti inenge yakaita denderedzwa.
- Haisi satellite yepasi. Kureva kuti, haitenderere kune imwe nyeredzi kunze kweZuva pacharo.
- Chikamu chechina ndechekuti pasi pachayo haigoni kuchenesa nzvimbo yaro yekutenderera kwayo. Kana chinhu chemuchadenga chikakwanisa kusvika padanho chairo rebudiriro, chinouya kuzotonga nenzira chaiyo mune izvo nyeredzi dzese, kungave nekudzizvuva, kudzibvisa kana kutodziita kuti dzitenderere pazviri.
Izvi hazviwanzo kuitika kumapuraneti madiki, zvinoreva kuti kune mamwe marudzi enyeredzi dzakazvimiririra umo dzinenge dzakatenderedza nzira dzadzo. Pakati pezvipimo zvina izvi, iyo chete inogona kusiyanisa nyika ine denga kubva kune mamwe mapuraneti ndiyo yekupedzisira. Sezvo "zvakajairika" mapuraneti ane kukwana kwakakwana kwekuchenesa nharaunda dzadzo dze orbital, nepo mune mapuraneti madiki hazvisi.
Chii chinonzi Dwarf Planets eSolar System?
Pakazara kune angangoita mashanu mapuraneti madiki ari musolar system yedu. Mazita aya ndeaya:
- Ceres
- Pluto
- Eris
- makemake
- haumea
Iye zvino tava kuzotsanangura kuti ndeapi maitiro avo makuru ega:
Ceres
Iyi pasi diki yakawanikwa muna 1801 nemurume anonzi Giuseppe Piazzi. Iri pakati penzira dzePlanet Mars nePlanet Jupiter. Yaionekwa secomet pakutanga, zvakare sepasi, uye pakupedzisira seimwe yemapuraneti madiki.
Huremu hweizvi chikamu chetatu chehuwandu hweinonzi Asteroid Belt. Iyo ine dhayamita ingangoita 950 x 932 makiromita, zvishoma kana zvishoma chinhambwe chiri pakati peGibraltar neGijón, ingave yekuyambuka Spain yakatwasuka. Inosanganisira nyika ine mvura yakawanda mukati, inova kuwanikwa kwakaitwa neEuropean Space Agency mukati megore ra2014.
Pluto
Nyika Pluto yakawanikwa muna 1930 nemurume anonzi Clyde William Tombaugh. Iyo imhando yepasi diki iri padyo zvakanyanya nekutenderera kwepasi Neptune. Kwemakore akawanda, yaionekwa seimwe yemapuraneti eSolar System; zvisinei, mushure meGeneral Assembly muPrague muna 2006, yakarongedzerwa sepasi diki.
Planet Pluto ine dhayamita ingangoita 2.370 km, inongodarika chikamu chimwe chete muzvitanhatu chehupamhi hwePasi. Nenzira imwecheteyo seyeCeres, ine pamusoro pemvura yakaomeswa nechando uye denga remhepo rine bhuruu zvachose.
Eris
Pamwe chete nepuraneti Makemake, ndeimwe yemapuraneti madiki akawanikwa nguva pfupi yadarika. Iyo dhayamita yeiyi kazhinji ishoma pane iyo yePlanet Pluto, ine 2.326 km. Izvi ndezveboka rinonzi "Plutoid", saka kutenderera kwaro kunodarika Planet Neptune. Pamusoro pezvo, iyi puraneti diki ndeyekudaidzwa kuti "Kuiper Belt", iyo ine seti yezvitunha zvinotenderera zuva pachinhambwe chiri pakati pe30 ne100 AU.
makemake
Nyika diki iyi yakawanikwa muna 2005 uye ndeimwe yakanzi "Plutoid", kunze kwekuve chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru muKuiper Belt. Kureba kwepasi rino kunosvika zvishoma kana zvishoma nezve 1.420 km, zvishoma kudarika hafu yePlanet Pluto.
haumea
Nenzira imwecheteyo seimwe 3 yakataurwa, iyi inonziwo Plutoid, uye iri muKuiper Belt, zvishoma kudarika Planet Neptune; Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi inonzi Plutoid. Iyi pasi diki yakawanikwa muna 2003 nemurume anonzi Jose Luiz Ortiz Moreno paSierra Nevada Observatory, iri munzvimbo dzeSpain. Radius yayo inowanzoita 1.300 kusvika 1.900 km, zvichiita kuti ive nyika ine rudzi rweelliptical shape.
Kunze kweaya mapuraneti mashanu, kune boka diki remapuraneti anonzi "Anogona Mapuraneti", asina kuiswa muchikamu seDwarf Planets, zvisinei, ari pasi pekucherechedzwa kuti abatanidzwe mune ramangwana mumakore anouya. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune mapuraneti madiki anosvika mazana maviri muKuiper Belt, kunze kweSolar System, uye angangoita gumi munharaunda iri kure zvakanyanya.
Sei Pluto yaionekwa seDwarf Planet?
Kudzokororwa kwakaitwa naPluto mukati megore ra2006 hakuna kusunungurwa kubva mukukakavadzana kukuru. Chikonzero chikuru chavakaita nharo nacho kuti sarudzo yakaitwa yekuiisa seDwarf Planet yaive yekuti haina kusangana nechina chinodiwa cheNormal Planet, yaive:
“Haina kukwanisa kubvisa nzvimbo dziri pedyo nekutenderera kwayo. Kana nyeredzi ikakwanisa kusvika padanho rakati remhindumupindu, zvinosvika pakupesvedzera zvisingaite kuti ndedzipi nyeredzi dzinoikomba, kungave nekudzikwezva, kudziendesa kure kana kutodziita kuti dzitenderere pairi.
Kune iyo nhamba huru yesainzi isingabvumirani panguva iyoyo uye nanhasi, gakava rinoramba rakavhurika, kunyanya mushure mekuwanikwa kukuru kwakaitwa neNew Horizons probe, iyo yakakwanisa kuratidza kuti Planet Pluto ine mamwe 5 Satellites uye. nemhepo yayo, saka ine hukuru hukuru hunodiwa kushandura nzira yenyeredzi dzakaitenderedza.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNo_hOVgp7s