Nyanzvi dzezvipenyu zvepanyika dziri kuona nguva yekubudirira. Nzira dzepamusoro dzekuongorora, dzakadai se computed tomography uye polarized light photography, dziri kubvumira masayendisiti kuongorora sampuli dzave dzakachengetwa kwemakumi emakore uye kuwana mhedziso dzinochinja zvachose zvataifunga kuti taiziva nezvekushanduka-shanduka kwezvinhu. Hazvisi nyaya yekutsvaga zvisaririra zvitsva chete, asi kutsanangura patsva zviripo nezvishandiso zvisina kumbovapo kare.
Mumavhiki apfuura, zvakawanikwa zvakawanda zvakaziviswa kuti, kunyangwe zvichibva munzvimbo dzakasiyana nenguva, zvine dingindira rimwe chete: zvese zvinotimanikidza kunyora patsva zvitsauko zvakakosha munhoroondo yehupenyu pasi pano. Kubva kushiri yegungwa yaive tupukanana kusvika kudhinosauri yakapona chirwere chakakomba, uye kusanganisira zvisaririra zvinodzosera kumashure kuoneka kwemhuka dzekutanga dzakaoma, zvakawanikwa izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvinyorwa zvezvisaririra zvinoramba zvichipa zvinoshamisa uye kuti sainzi haimboregi kufambira mberi.
Chisaririra cheTexas chinochinja kuzivikanwa kwacho
Chimwe chezviitiko zvinonyanya kushamisa ndecheTesnusocaris goldichi , chidhori chakawanikwa muTexas muna 1985 chaionekwa sechidhori chekare chegungwa kwemakore makumi mana. Iye zvino, timu yepasi rose yakashandisa nzira dzemifananidzo ye cross-polarized light uye yakawana kuti imhando itsva yezvipembenene, inonzi Chosha praecursor . Muenzaniso uyu, wakararama makore mamiriyoni 324 apfuura, une makumbo matatu echipfuva akafanana nezvipembenene, asiwo mamwe mapfumbamwe ezvikamu zvedumbu, anosvika makumbo makumi maviri nemana. Kuumbwa uku, sekureva kwevaongorori, kunoratidza kuti zvipembenene zvekutanga zvaive zvipenyu mumvura nepanyika uye zvaigara munzvimbo dzegungwa, zvisati zvatora chimiro chemakumbo matanhatu chatinoziva nhasi.
Chidzidzo ichi, chakaburitswa muNature , chinosimbisa kuti kugadziriswa kwephylogenetic kunoisa C. praecursor sehexapod, zvichisimbisa kurongwa kwayo sechipembenene chakasiyana-siyana pakutanga. Kuwanikwa uku hakungogadzirisi kukanganisa kwemakumi emakore chete asiwo kunopa chikamu chakakosha chekunzwisisa kuchinja kubva mumvura kuenda kunyika mumhuka idzi dzine mapfupa ane mapfupa emusana nedzimwe mhando.
Matongo ekare kubva kuCanada nematishu akapfava anoshamisa
MuCanadian Arctic, chikwata chevanachipangamazano vepaleontologists chakawana zvisaririra zvemhuka zvine makore anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu nemakumi matanhatu nemanomwe ekuberekwa zveWhite Sea Association, boka remarudzi eEdiacaran-period aimbozivikanwa kubva kuRussia, Australia, neEngland chete. Iyi ndiyo nguva yekutanga yakaonekwa muNorth America, uye zvisaririra izvi zvinoratidza mhuka dzakaoma dzemugungwa dzaitofamba uye dzichiberekana. Kuverenga nguva kwemhuka idzi kunoratidza kuti dzakagara pakati pemakore mashanu kusvika gumi emamiriyoni apfuura kupfuura zvaifungidzirwa kare, zvichireva kuti zviitiko zvekushanduka-shanduka zvakaita sekufamba-famba uye kuberekana pabonde zvaive zvatotanga kuitika mumvura yakadzika, kwete munzvimbo dzisina kudzika dzegungwa sezvaifungidzirwa kare. Kuwanikwa uku, kwakabudiswa muNature , kunoratidza kuti nzvimbo dzakadzika dzegungwa dzingave dziri nzvimbo yekutanga kwehupenyu hwemhuka dzakaoma.
Kune rumwe rutivi, chisaririra che crinoid chine makore anopfuura mamiriyoni 450, chakachengetwa paMontreal Museum of Paleontology and Evolution, chakaratidza nyama dzakapfava dzinoshamisa: tsoka dzechubhu, zvivako zvitete zvisingawanzopona. Iyi sampuli, yeDendrocrinus simcoensis , ndiyo yekare ine nyama dzakapfava dzakachengetedzwa uye inobvumira vaongorori kudzidza kuti hama idzi dzenyeredzi dzinodyisa sei. Vaongorori vekuYunivhesiti yeOklahoma vakaziva zvivako izvi panguva yekushanya kwavo kumuseum, vachiratidza kukosha kwekuunganidza nhoroondo.
Dehenya rine makore 200.000 ekuberekwa muCiudad Real
MuSpain, nzvimbo yeLos Villares muRuidera (Ciudad Real) yakaburitsa chidimbu chedehenya remunhu chine makore anopfuura 200.000, chinonzi RVH-1. Iyi ndiyo mapfupa ekutanga emusana enguva ino anowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweIberian Peninsula, uye chimiro chayo chinoshamisa: inoratidza ukobvu hwemapfupa hwakasiyana uye chimiro chakareba, chakakombama, chiri kure nekutenderera kwakajairika kwevekare veNeanderthals. Ongororo ye3D inoiisa mukati meHomo heidelbergensis , asi ine zvinhu zvakafanana nemapfupa ekare kubva kuAfrica neEurope. Sekureva kwevaongorori, izvi zvinosimbisa kuti shanduko yehominid muEurope yakafambira mberi nenzira ye mosaic, ine huwandu hwakasiyana uye hunhu hwakasiyana-siyana.
Kuwanikwa uku, kwakaburitswa muJournal of Human Evolution , kwakaitwa panguva yekutanga kwechirongwa cheFirst Settlers of the Upper Guadiana muna 2023. Pamwe chete nedehenya, kwakawanikwa zvisaririra zvemhuka zvinopfuura mazana mashanu nezvishandiso zvematombo, pamwe chete nemolar iyo, kuburikidza nepaleoproteomics, yakaratidza kuti munhu wacho aive murume. Mumwe wevatungamiriri veAtapuerca Juan Luis Arsuaga akapemberera kuwanikwa uku, achiti zvinoomesa mepu yekushanduka-shanduka kweEurope isati yasvika Neanderthal.
Dinosauri inorwara muMorella
Muguta reMorella, mudunhu reCastellón, timu inobva kuUNED (National University of Distance Education) yakawana humbowo hwekutanga hwakanyorwa hwekuti mapfupa akabatwa nehutachiona hwebhakitiriya hunobva muronda reganda mu tibia yeIguanodon bernissartensis . Chisaririra ichi, chakawanikwa panzvimbo yeMas de la Parreta, chakaongororwa neCT kuGeneral Hospital yeCastellón, zvichibvumira vaongorori kuona mukati mepfupa vasina kurikuvadza. Vaongorori havana kuwana maronda nemapundu, uye vakagumisa kuti kukora kwacho kwakakonzerwa nehutachiona hwema microbial hwakafanana nehwemaronda emunzvimbo dzinopisa dzevanhu. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti dinosaur iyi yakararama kwenguva yakareba zvakakwana kuti muviri wayo ugadzire mapfupa matsva, kunyangwe kukuvara kwacho kunofanira kunge kwakaita kuti irwadziwe uye ishande zvakanaka.
Kuwanikwa uku, kwakabudiswa muRoyal Society Open Science , kunoratidza kuti paleopathy inogona kuratidza mativi ehutano nemaitiro emadinosaur muSpain anopfuura maumbirwo awo. Uyezve, Morella ari kubatanidza chinzvimbo chake sechiyereso cheEurope cheEarly Cretaceous, nemidziyo inodarika 8.000 iri mudura uye nhaka iyo meya, Bernabé Sangüesa, ari kutsigira kuti pave nemiziyamu yeramangwana.
Zvikatorwa pamwe chete, zvakawanikwa izvi zvinosimbisa kuti kudzidza nezvezvisaririra kunoramba kuri chinhu chisingaperi chekushamisika. Nzira itsva yega yega, kuongororazve kwese kwemuenzaniso wekare, kunogona kuchinja zvataifunga kuti taizviziva. Kushanduka-shanduka hakusi mutsetse wakatwasuka, asi mosaic yakaoma iyo nyanzvi dzepaleontologists dziri kuburitsa zvishoma nezvishoma, nerubatsiro rwetekinoroji nekushandira pamwe pakati pemasangano. Uye Spain, ine nzvimbo dzakadai saRuidera naMorella, iri kutamba basa rakakosha mukuita uku kunonakidza.
