La kufa kwe nzou Jums muCabárceno Nature Park Rufu urwu rwakazunungusa nzvimbo tsvene yeCantabrian uye nharaunda yeEuropean Conservation. Murwi wechirume wemuAfrica, mutungamiriri asingapokane weboka uye mumwe wemienzaniso mikuru mukondinendi, akafa mushure mekurwisana kunotyisa nemwanakomana wake, Jumar, mune izvo nyanzvi dzinoona kunetsana kunowanzoitika pamusoro pevakuru vevarume.
Chiitiko ichi hachina kungosiya kusanzwanana pakati pevachengeti nevashanyi, asi chaunzawo nyaya ye[zvisina kujeka - pamwe "zvehudiki" kana "nyaya dzemagariro"] mukunyanya kutarisisa. kutarisira nzou dzakatapwa muEuropeMagariro ezvemagariro emhuka idzi uye basa reCabárceno sechiratidzo chenyika mukuberekana zviri kubvunzwa, nepo masangano anorwira kodzero dzemhuka achipokana nemuenzaniso wepaki uye mamiriro ayo mombe dzinochengetwa.
Kurwa pakati pababa nemwanakomana nekuda kwehutungamiriri hwepakiti
Sezvakasimbiswa nepaki pachayo uye neCantabria Tourism department, Jums akafa nekuda kwekukuvara kwakanyanya kwaakaita mukurwa nemwanakomana wake JumarMumwe murume muboka. Zvose zvinonongedza kunetsana kwekutonga mukati meboka, maitiro anowanzoitika munzou dzemuAfrica dzakura padzinokwikwidza kuwana hadzi uye kutonga kweboka.
Kusawirirana pakati pevarume murudzi urwu kunotariswa maitiro echisikigo akabatana nehukuru uye kuberekaZviitiko izvi zvinoitika musango uye, sekusimbisa kwazvinoitwa neCabárceno, zvakare munzvimbo dzakahombera umo mhuka dzinogona kuratidza maitiro akafanana neadzo echisikigo. Zvisinei, muchiitiko ichi, kurwisana pakati pababa nomwanakomana kwakaguma nomugumisiro une ngwavaira zvikuru.
Hondo iyi yakaitika munzvimbo ine huswa yenzvimbo yakavharirwa nzou, nzvimbo inosvika mahekita makumi maviri neshanu iyo paki inotsanangura seimwe yenzvimbo. nzvimbo huru dzepasirese dzeboka rakatapwaIkoko ndiko uko vachengeti vakawana Jums akarara, akakuvara zvakaipisisa uye ari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, izvo zvakakonzera kushanda kukuru kwemukati kuedza kuponesa hupenyu hwake.
Nhau pakati pavo yakanga isiri nguva dzose yemakwikwi. Baba nemwanakomana vakasanganazve muCabárceno pashure pokunge vaparadzana kwemakore, apo Jums akasvika achibva kuEnglandNhoroondo dzevachengeti vavo dzinoyeuka kuti vakabva vazivana uye vakataurirana nerudo nehunde dzavo, chiitiko chinowanzotaurwa kuenzanisira hupenyu hwakaoma hwemagariro uye hwepfungwa hwenzou.
Maawa matanhatu ekuedza kuchengetedza imwe yenzou huru dzeEurope
Mhuka iyi payakange yave mudanga, vashandi vepaka vakaparura mhinduro yechimbichimbi inosanganisira veterinarians, vachengeti uye matekiniki kubva kuCanturIyo kambani yeruzhinji inotarisira Cabárceno. Chinetso chokutanga chakanga chiri kungofambisa mhuka inorema anopfuura matani matanhatu kubva panzvimbo yakashama kuenda kunzvimbo uko yaigona kubatwa zvakakotsekana.
Kuvhiya kwacho kwakatora maawa akawanda. Kutanga, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuwana nemichina yakakosha uye vashandi kusvika paive nenzou. Mushure mezvo, kuendeswa kune imwe yemayadhi akatsiga enzvimbo yakakomberedzwa kwaida kufambisa kwakapfava, kwaitora anenge maawa mana, iyo yaisanganisira kushandiswa kwekireni hombe kuti ikwanise kusimudza nekufambisa mhuka pasina kuikuvadza zvakare.
Pane imwe nzvimbo yakachengeteka, chikwata chechiremba wemhuka chakaedza kudzikamisa nzou kweanenge mamwe maawa maviri, zvichiita kuti nzou yose isvike maawa anopfuura matanhatu ekufambisa uye kuenderera mberi nekuchengetedza. Kunyangwe kuunganidzwa kwezviwanikwa uye kupindira kwenyanzvi dzine ruzivo rwakanyanya, Kuoma kwekukuvara kwakaita kuti zvisakwanise kudzosera mamiriro acho ezvinhu uye Jums akazofa masikati iwayo.
Vatungamiri vepaka vakasimbisa kuti kuunganidza kwacho kwaive "kwakaperera" uye kuti zvese zviri musimba ravo zvakaitwa kuchengetedza mhuka. Mushure mekunge mhedzisiro yazivikanwa, Hurumende yeCantabria nevashandi veCabárceno vakaratidza kusuwa kwavo, vachiona kuti Kusuwa kwainge kwatekeshera muyaivharirwa nekuda kwekurasikirwa neimwe yemhuka dzavo dzechiratidzo.
Ndiani aive Jums: hofori yakakosha yekubereka muEurope
Jums aive akawanda kupfuura murume ane simba weCabárceno. Akazvarwa musango muna 1977, izvi Nzou yemuAfrica yakanga yava kuda kusvitsa makore makumi mashanu Panguva yekufa kwake, akanga ari pakati pezvinyorwa zvekare uye zvakakura mukondinendi yeEurope. Achirema anenge 6.500 kilos, akatsanangurwa nepaki yacho semhuka huru pane yayakambogara.
Nzou yakasvika muCantabria munaGunyana 2015 ichibva kuHowletts Park Zoo muBekesbourne, England, mukati meimwe nzvimbo. kutanga kuchinjana kwevarume pakati penzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka dzeEurope chinangwa chekudzivirira matambudziko ekuberekesa mumapoka maviri. Iyi nhanho yakarumbidzwa sechinhu chinokosha nevakuru vakuru veCabárceno, sezvo yakanga iri nzira yokutanga yorudzi rwayo muEurope inobatanidza nzou dzechirume dzomuAfrica.
Kubva pakusvika kwake, Jums akave munhu wepakati mukuchengetedza uye zvirongwa zvekubereka zvenhapwa. Aionekwa semumwe wevana inonyanya kukosha kubereka varume mukondinendi uye imbwa inotungamira pakati pemapaki eEurope. Genetics yake yakapararira zvakanyanya muCantabria neUnited Kingdom.
Pakazara, nzou inonzi ine kanenge 21 vazukuruVana vana muCabárceno uye gumi nemanomwe muHowletts Park. Huwandu hukuru hwevana uhu hwakave hwakakosha mukusiyanisa mitsara yezvipenyu muEurope yakavharirwa, chinangwa chakakosha kumasangano anotonga nhapwa dzemhuka huru dzinoyamwisa.
Hupenyu hwepakeji muCabárceno uye basa raJumar
Cabárceno imusha kune inoonekwa seyo nharaunda huru yenzou dzemuAfrica kunze kweAfricaKusvika pakufa kwaJums, mombe iyi yaive nemhando gumi nepfumbamwe uye yanga ichikura zvishoma nezvishoma nekuda kwekuzvarwa kwakanyorwa kubva pakavhurwa pakavhurwa muna1990.
Muboka iri, hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwenzou hunoitika munzvimbo inotsvaga kubereka mamwe emamiriro enzvimbo yadzo yemusango: kufura mahara pamusoro penzvimbo huru dzeuswaVanogara vachigezera madhaka, kuwana mvura zhinji, uye danga guru ravanorara. Mhuka idzi dzinodya zvinomera zvakawanda zuva rega rega, kazhinji dzinorara dzakamira, uye dzinochengetedza magariro akaoma kunzwisisa.
Chikwata chinoshanda, sechisikigo, chine chikamu che matriarchal chakacherechedzwa: vakadzi vakuru vanotungamira boka kuenda kunzvimbo dzekudyisa kana kuzorora uye kuzvironga ivo pachavo. kutarisira vana pamwe chete panguva yekuzvitakura kwenguva refu uye nemakore ekutanga ehupenyu. Varume, kune chikamu chavo, vanowanzo paradzana neboka revakadzi kana vasvika pakukura, kunyangwe muhusungwa vanodzorwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo enzvimbo yega yega.
Panyaya yeCabárceno, kugarisana kwevarume vakuru vakati wandei, kusanganisira Jumar pachake, kwakachengetwa pasi pehutungamiriri hwaJums kwemakore. Mukomana wechidiki, uyo asisiri mudiki zvakadaro, pakutanga airemekedza ukuru hwababa vake, nhevedzano yaioneka kunyange muzvinhu zvezuva nezuva, zvakadai sokurongana kwavakapinda nayo mumatanga usiku: baba nguva dzose pakutanga, vachiteverwa navamwe.
Nekufamba kwenguva uye Jumar achikura, kunetsana pamusoro pehutungamiriri kwakawedzera, zvichiguma nekurwa kwakaipisisa. Kubva pakuona kwevanhu, chiitiko chacho chakatsanangurwa se "dambudziko rechiGiriki," asi Kubva pamaonero ehupenyu, iyi ndiyo nzira yakajairika. mumarudzi, umo varume vanokwikwidza zvakasimba kuti vatonge boka uye kuwana vakadzi.
Paki inotungamira mukubereka, ine 24 kuberekwa muhusungwa
Kubva pakugadzwa kwayo, Cabárceno yakazvisimbisa sea International reference center for African elephant breedingPaki yeCantabrian yakanyora kuberekwa makumi maviri nemana emhando iyi muhusungwa, iyo yekupedzisira yakanyoreswa muna Kubvumbi 2023, ichiiisa pamusoro penyika maererano nehuwandu hwevana vanozvarwa kunze kwenzvimbo yavo yekugovera.
Kuzvarwa kwekutanga kunosvika 1995, apo nzou Penny yakazvara nzou yekutanga yeAfrica yakaberekerwa kuSpainKubva panguva iyo, iyo pakiti yakakura ikava mhuri huru iyo, maererano neHurumende yeCantabria, inobata zvakafanana nemapoka emusango maererano nemagariro evanhu, kutarisira boka, uye maitiro ehukama.
Zvichienzaniswa nenhoroondo yenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka dzokuEurope, nhamba idzi dzinokosha zvikuru. Kwemazana emakore, kuberekeswa kwenzou muusungwa kwaive kushoma: Kusvika pakuvhurwa kweCabárceno, pakanga pasina vana gumi nevaviri vakazvarwa. mukondinendi yose, kubvira pakati pezana remakore rechi18. Iyo Cantabrian park yakaita mupiro wakajeka pakuchinja maitiro aya.
Zvivako, nenzvimbo dzazvo dzekunze dzakakura uye manejimendi akatarisana nekugonesa hunhu, zvakaunzwa nevakuru vematunhu semuenzaniso wekubatanidza kufumurwa neruzhinji nezvinangwa chaizvo. ex situ kuchengetedza uye kugara zvakanaka kwemhukaNekudaro, iyo modhi haina pasina vatsoropodzi vayo uye yakaunza gakava mumakore achangopfuura.
Pakati pezvinyorwa zvinoratidza kugarisana kwevanhu nemhuka muCabárceno inyaya yaPepe, nzou yakasimudzwa pabhodhoro iyo. Akafa mushure mekudya bhegi repurasitikiIzvi zvakaratidza kudiwa kwedzimwe chenjedzo maererano nemarara evashanyi. Zviitiko zvakaita seizvi zvakashanda kusimbisa ruzivo rwemukati nekudzora mishandirapamwe mukati mepaki.
Mapoka ekodzero dzemhuka anoshora kufa kwaJums
Kunyangarika kwaJums hakuna kungomutsa kutaura kweshungu, asiwo kutsoropodza kubva kumapoka ekodzero dzemhuka. Franz Weber Foundation (FFW) Akatsanangura Cabárceno se "guyo chairo" uye akapomera paki iyi nekutadza kuvimbisa hutano hudiki kana nzvimbo dzekugara dzakakwana dzemhuka dzadzinogara.
Iri sangano rakabvunza tsananguro yepamutemo nezve kurwa naJumar, richireva kunetsana uku "kupomerwa kurwa"Akaronga kufa kwenzou mukati mezviitiko zvakatevedzana izvo, mukuona kwake, zvinomutsa mubvunzo womuenzaniso wepaka. Izvi zvinosanganisira kufa kwemushandi muna 2021 mushure mekurohwa nenzou, kutiza kwembada yekuPezhiya muna 2024 iyo yakazopfurwa, uye kupinda netsaona kwemhuri munzvimbo yakavharirwa mapere.
FFW inofunga kuti boka renzou reCabárceno rinopindura a "Zvisirizvo" social configuration uye kuti sangano reboka "haritevedzeri maitiro ane musoro" kubva pakuona kwemaitiro emhuka. Mukuongorora kwavo, vanoona kuti nzou dzemuAfrica dzine magariro akaomarara, umo varume vechidiki vanowanzosiya boka ravo rekuzvarirwa kana vasvika pakukura pabonde kuti vabatane nemapoka evarume vane bachelor kana kurarama vakazvimiririra.
Sangano rinowedzera kuti, kunyangwe mapoka evarume anogona kuungana pane dzimwe nguva, Makwikwi uye kurwisana kunowedzera panguva yekubereka.Naizvozvo, kuchengeta zvienzaniso zvakati kuti zvavakuru zviri pamwe chete muusungwa kunoda kungwarira zvikuru kuronga. Sekuona kwavo, kufa kwaJums kunoratidza kusakwana kwemaitiro ekutarisira uye kunoratidza kukosha kwekufunga patsva mafambisirwo emombe.
Pamusoro pezvo, Foundation inoshoropodza maitiro epaki, ichipomera mhosva yekushanda ne logic padyo nenzvimbo yekutandarira pane nzvimbo yekuchengetedzanemishandirapamwe yekushambadzira yakanangana nekuwedzera nhamba dzevashanyi, pane kutarisa kudzoreredza mhuka munzvimbo dzavanogara kana kuti zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvakananga pasi.
Kuchema muCabárceno uye kuenderera mberi kwechirongwa chekuchengetedza
Padivi pekutsoropodza, chinzvimbo chepamutemo chepaki uye Hurumende yeCantabria inosimbisa manzwiro ekurasikirwa kwemhuka uye kuenderera mberi kwezvirongwa zvekuchengetedzaVatungamiri nevashandi veCabárceno varatidzira pachena kusuwa kwavo nekuonekana kune imwe yemifananidzo mikuru yenzvimbo iyi.
Nzou, iyo kwemakore yaitungamirira mudungwe usiku humwe nohumwe ichidzokera mudanga, yakanga iri chimiro chinozivikanwa zvikuru nokuda kwavashanyi vaishanyira nzvimbo yakakomberedzwa uye nokuda kwavashandi vamene. Kufa kwake kwakachinja pakarepo hutungamiri hwemukati hwepakiti, umo Jumar anotora chigaro semurume ane simba, nezvose zvinoreva kurongeka kweboka.
Pasinei nokuchema, basa mupaki rinopfuurira. Vakuru vematunhu vakasimbisa kuti Cabárceno inochengetedza basa rayo se Mutungamiri weEurope muAfrica kuchengetedza nzouIine imwe yemapoka makuru uye nhoroondo inoshamisa yekuzvarwa muutapwa, nzvimbo tsvene inoenderera mberi nekugamuchira vashanyi uye nekugadzira zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa uye zvekusvika pamusoro pemhuka dzesango.
Rufu rwaJums, zvisinei, rwunokurudzira kuongororwa patsva kwechiyero pakati pezvinangwa zvekuchengetedza, kuratidzwa kweveruzhinji, uye kugara zvakanaka kwemhuka, kunyanya mumarudzi ane magariro ane hunyanzvi seaya enzou dzemuAfrica. Mhosva iyi inovhurazve gakava rinobata kwete Cabárceno chete, asiwo... boka renzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka nemapaki emhuka dzesango muEurope, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kunzwa kwevanhu kune kurapa kwemhuka kuri kukura.
Nekupfuura kwemurwi wechirume uyu, Cabárceno Nature Park yakatarisana nenhanho nyowani mukutonga kwemombe dzayo dzemuAfrica, inoratidzwa nehutungamiriri hwaJumar, nhaka yeJums' genetic uye yekufananidzira, uye kukosha kwekupindura kune ese ari maviri. zvinodiwa nesainzi pamwe chete netsika dzinotarisirwa yenzanga iri kuramba yakatarisisa zvinoitika kuseri kwefenzi dzenzvimbo idzi.