Un kudengenyeka kwepasi kwakakura 7,6 Yakazunungusa kuchamhembe kweJapan uye yakamanikidza kuvhurwa kwechimbichimbi protocol. tsunami yambiro mhiri kwakawanda kwePacific Coast. Kudengenyeka kwepasi, nenzvimbo yaro pamhenderekedzo yeAomori Prefecture, kwakagadzira masaisai anosvika masendimita makumi manomwe pakakwirira uye kwakonzera mirairo yekubuda kwemakumi ezviuru zvevanhu pamhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwenyika.
ari Zviremera zveJapan Vakasimbirira kuti avo vanogara munzvimbo dzakaderera pedyo negungwa varambe vari munzvimbo dzakakwirira kana kuti nzvimbo dzokugara dzakatarwa kusvikira vaziviswazve, nepo zvikwata zvechimbichimbi neJapan Meteorological Agency (JMA/AMJ) zvichiramba zvichitarisa kuti zvingangoitika shure kwekudengenyeka kwenyika uye kuchinja kwegungwa. Kudengenyeka kwepasi kwakanzwika zvakajeka kubva kuchamhembe kwezvitsuwa kusvika kunharaunda yeKanto, kusanganisira Tokyo, kunyange zvazvo pasina kukuvadzwa kwenjodzi kwakasimbiswa.
Epicenter, magnitude uye kuti kudengenyeka kwakaitika sei
Kudengenyeka kukuru kwakanyorwa pa 23:15 nguva yemuno (15:15 PM muSpain) kubva kumhenderekedzo yeAomori Prefecture, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweJapan. Iyo hypocenter yaive pakadzika makiromita makumi mashanu. pasi pegungwa, chinhambwe chiri pakati pe70 ne80 makiromita kubva kumahombekombe, maererano nedata kubva kuJMA uye mishumo yekutanga kubva kuMeteorological Agency.
PaJapan seismic scale, iyo ine mazinga manomwe uye inoyera kusimba kwekuzunguzika pamusoro, kudengenyeka kwakasvika Level 6 kumusoro muHachinohe CityIzvi zvinoreva matambudziko akakomba mukuramba wakatwasuka uye nenjodzi huru yekudonha kwezvinhu mukati mezvivakwa. Mumataundi ari pedyo eOirase neHashikami, a level yakaderera 6, apo muTokyo, anopfuura makiromita 600 kumaodzanyemba, kusimba kwakanga kuri nhanho yechipiri.
La Mhepo yekudengenyeka kwenyika yakanzwika munzvimbo yakakura kwazvo Kudengenyeka kwacho kwakanzwika munyika yose, kubva kuHokkaido neTohoku kusvika kunzvimbo dziri nechepakati nekumabvazuva kwezvitsuwa zvacho. Vagari vakatsanangurira vezvenhau vemunharaunda uye vatepfenyuri veveruzhinji vakaita seNHK kuti kudengenyeka kwacho kwakarebesa uye kwakanyatso nzwikwa, kunyangwe munzvimbo zhinji dzemazuvano dzemumadhorobha zvivakwa zvakapindura sezvaitarisirwa nekuda kwekuomesera kweseismic codes.
Muawa yakatevera kudengenyeka kwenyika kwokutanga, zvinotevera zvakanyorwa replicas dzakawandaPakati pavo paiva neimwe yehukuru 5,6 uye dzimwe dze 3,6 uye 3,9. Nyanzvi dzinosimbisa kuti muenzaniso uyu unowanzoitika mushure mekudengenyeka kwenyika kwakasimba muNorthwest Pacific, asi kusimbisa izvozvo Chiitiko chekusimba kwakafanana hachigone kubviswa. mumazuva anotevera.
Tsunami yambiro: masaisai, yambiro uye zvishoma nezvishoma kubviswa kweyambiro
Pakangoonekwa kudengenyeka kwenyika, Japan Meteorological Agency yakamisa a tsunami yambiro inosvika mamita matatu kumhenderekedzo yeAomori, Iwate yakavakidzana nayo, uye kumaodzanyemba kweHokkaido, chitsuwa chiri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero munyika yacho. Panguva imwe chete, nyevero dzesimba shoma yeMiyagi, Fukushima nedzimwe nzvimbo dzePacific pamhenderekedzo, kusanganisira yakawanda yekumabvazuva kwechikamu chezvitsuwa.
Zviyero zvekutanga zvakasimbisa kusvika kwemafungu etsunami anenge 40 masendimita pachiteshi cheMutsu-Ogawara (Aomori) nenguva dzinenge 23:43 p.m. nguva yemuno. Maminitsi gare gare, kuzvimba kwakafanana kwakaonekwa pachiteshi chengarava cheUrakawa, Hokkaido. Gare gare, mangwanani-ngwanani, masisitimu akarekodha a kureba kweanosvika 70 centimita paKuji port, muIwate Prefecture.
Kunyange zvazvo nhamba dzacho dzingaita sedziri pakati nepakati, zviremera zvakasimbisa kuti kunyange masaisai asingasviki mita imwe akakwira anogona kukonzera mafungu ane ngozi zvikuru Muzviteshi, nzizi, nenzvimbo dzakadzika dzemahombekombe, nekugona kutsvaira motokari kana vanhu. Naizvozvo, meseji yacho yaive yakajeka: gara kure nemahombekombe, madhishi, uye miromo yenzizi kwemaawa.
Sezvo nguva yakafamba uye gungwa rakadzikama, JMA yakadzikisa tsunami yambiro zviziviso zviri nyore munzvimbo dzakanyanya kukanganiswa uye zvakazotanga kuvabvisa zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvakadaro, sangano iri rakachengeta vanhu vakangwarira mukana wekuwedzera mhirizhonga yemugungwa ine chekuita nekuzunguzika kwakasimba kunotevera.
Kubviswa kwevanhu vakawanda uye mamiriro evakakuvadzwa
Mukupindura kuvhurwa kweyambiro, zviremera zvemunharaunda zvakaparura yakafararira kudzivirira kubvisa basa. Around 23.000 vanhu Vagari vekuHokkaido, Iwate, uye Miyagi prefectures vakakurudzirwa kusiya misha yavo kwechinguva ndokuenda kunzvimbo dzekugara dzechimbichimbi kana nzvimbo dzakakwirira dziri mukati menyika.
Dzimwe nguva, kunyanya mukutaura kwekutanga, nhamba dzepamusoro dzevanogona kubuda dzakashandiswa, zvichipihwa kuti hurumende dzematunhu dzaifunga. zviitiko zvinobata kusvika ku90.000 vanhu kana mamiriro etsunami akawedzera. Pakupedzisira, nhamba yevagari vakatozobuda mudzimba dzavo yakanga yakaderera, asi hurongwa hwakaramba hwakagadzirira kukurumidza kuwedzera kana zvichidiwa.
Prime Minister, Sanae Takaichi, akasimbisa mukuonekwa kwake kwokutanga kuti kanenge Vanhu vanomwe vakanga vakuvara Mumatunhu eAomori neHokkaido, kukuvara kwakataurwa zvakanyanya kubva pakudonha panguva yekudengenyeka kwenyika kana panguva yekubuda. Vezvenhau vemunharaunda vakashuma zviitiko zvakananga, kusanganisira vanhu vakati wandei vakakuvara muhotera muHachinohe uye vagari vakabatwa nekudonha kwezvinhu.
Zvimwe zvekutanga kuverenga kubva kuMoto uye Disaster Management Agency inotaura nezvayo vanopfuura makumi maviri vakakuvarakusanganisira munhu mumwechete ari muhutano hwakakomba, kunyangwe manhamba aya achiri pasi pekuongororwa zviri pamutemo. Chero zvazvingava, vakawanda vevakakuvara vanonzi vakakuvadzwa nemapundu, mavanga, kana kucheka zvichikonzerwa nekufamba kwefenicha nezvinhu zviduku-duku.
Hurumende yeJapan Mhinduro uye Emergency Management
Hurumende huru yakakurumidza kufamba. Pakangozivikanwa kukura kwekudengenyeka kwenyika uye njodzi yetsunami, Mutungamiriri Sanae Takaichi akaraira kusikwa kwe special crisis team pamuzinda wehurumende yeTokyo (Kantei) kuronga mhinduro pamwe chete nematunhu akakanganisika.
Mukutaura kwake, Takaichi akasimbisa kuti Executive iri kushandira pamwe nevakuru venzvimbo kuisa pamberi kudzivirira kwehupenyu uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa. Yakadawo kuti masangano akakodzera ape ruzivo rwakajeka uye rwunoenderana kune veruzhinji, kuburikidza nevezvenhau nenharembozha.
Mukuru weCabinet Secretary, Minoru KiharaAkamira pamberi pevepepanhau kuti adzokorore kudana kwengwariro. Akakumbira vagari vomumhenderekedzo yegungwa kuti Usasiya matumba kana nzvimbo dzakakwirira kusvikira ziviso dzehurumende dzabviswa zvachose, zvichisimbisa kuti njodzi inogona kuramba iripo kunyange kana gungwa richiita sekudzikama.
Padanho rekushanda, hurumende dzematunhu dzakaiswa vashandi vemoto, mapurisa uye vashandi vekukurumidzira kuongorora kukuvadzwa kwezvivakwa, migwagwa, uye mabhiriji, pamwe nekuona mukana wekupinda muzvipatara nenzvimbo dzekubuda. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeAomori neHokkaido, pakave nekuvhiringidzwa kwenguva pfupi kumasevhisi echitima uku kuongororwa kwekuchengetedza kwaiitwa panjanji nepazviteshi.
Nuclear power plant, seismic njodzi uye hukama neEurope
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinounza kutarisisa kwepasirese pose panoitika kudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru muJapan inzvimbo yaro. magetsi enyukireyakunyanya kubva panjodzi yeFukushima muna 2011. Panguva ino, kambani yeTohoku Electric Power, inoshandisa magetsi emagetsi mu. Higashidori uye OnagawaIri munzvimbo yainzwika kudengenyeka kwepasi zvakanyanya, kambani yakazivisa kuti iri kunyatsoongorora zvivako.
Parizvino, hurumende yeJapan nekambani yakataura izvozvo Hapana anomalies aonekwa Iko hakuna zvakawanikwa maererano nemazinga emwaranzi kana masisitimu ekuchengetedza emagetsi enyukireya muHokkaido, Aomori, Miyagi, uye Fukushima. Zvisinei neizvi, ongororo dzinoenderera mberi senzira yekuzvidzivirira, uye masangano epasi rese akasarudzika anoramba achigamuchira akagadziridzwa data data.
Kubva kuEurope neSpain, ichi chikamu chitsva chechiitiko chekudengenyeka kwenyika muJapan chinodzosa patafura iyo gakava pamusoro pokugadzirira njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga munzvimbo dzemahombekombe uye nzvimbo dzine njodzi yekudengenyeka kwenyika. Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ezvinhu e geological akasiyana zvikuru, iyo inonzi Pacific Ring of Fire-uko Japan iripo-inotarisa chikamu chakakosha zvikuru chekudengenyeka kwenyika kwehukuru kupfuura 6 pasi rose, zvichiita kuti nyika yeAsia ive mutungamiri wenyika mukudzivirira.
Kune veEuropean sainzi nharaunda uye masevhisi edziviriro, iyo yeJapan system ye yambiro yekutanga yekudengenyeka kwenyika uye tsunamiIine zviteshi zvinodarika chiuru zve seismographic zvakagoverwa munzvimbo yese, inoshanda semuenzaniso wekuvandudza yayo mapuroteni kurwisa seismic nenjodzi dzemugungwa, kunyanya kumabvazuva kweMedithera, Atlantic uye nzvimbo dzinoputika.
Japan, nyika yakajaira kudengenyeka kwenyika asi yakangwarira kudengenyeka kukuru
Japan inogara mumoyo we Pacific Ring yeMotoIyo inzvimbo yakadzika yekudzikisa nzvimbo apo akati wandei tectonic mahwendefa uye akawanda epasi anoputika anoputika akanyura. Nzvimbo iyi inotsanangura kuti sei zvitsuwa zvinyoresa zviuru zvekudengenyeka kwepasi pagoreMamwe akapfava zvekuti anongoonekwa nezviridzwa, uye mamwe, seazvino, anonyatso nzwikwa neruzhinji.
Zviremera zveJapan zvakaburitsa, kekutanga muchikamu chino, a yambiro chaiyo pamusoro pemukana wokumwe kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakasimba mumazuva anotevera munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kweHokkaido neSanriku. Yambiro iyi icharamba ichishanda kwesvondo rimwe chete, panguva iyo vagari vanokumbirwa kugadzirira midziyo yekukurumidzira, zvekudya zvekutanga, uye zvirongwa zvekubvisa mhuri.
Collective memory inoramba ichimakwa ne Kudengenyeka kwenyika kwa2011 kuTohokuKudengenyeka kwepasi kwehukuru hwe9 kwakakonzera tsunami inoparadza uye dambudziko renyukireya reFukushima, zvichikonzera kufa kwevanhu vanopfuura zviuru gumi uye kukuvara kukuru kwezvinhu. Kubva ipapo, nyika yakasimbisa madziro egungwa, yakagadziridza zvirongwa zvekusimudzira maguta emumhenderekedzo yegungwa, uye kuvandudza hurongwa hwayo hwekutaurirana nechimbichimbi.
Kuenzaniswa nengwavaira iyoyo, kudengenyeka kwapasi kwazvino, kusvikira zvino, kwakava netapuro yakaganhurirwa zvikuru yomunhu nezvinhu zvokunyama. Nekudaro, zvese hurumende nevesainzi vesaenzi vanosimbirira kuti iyi mhando yechiitiko Inoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chenguva dzose yezinga rekutyisidzirwa kwekudengenyeka kwenyika uko nzvimbo yezvitsuwa iri pasi uye kukosha kwekurega kungwarira kwedu.
Sezvo maawa anopfuura, Japan iri kudzoka zvishoma nezvishoma munzvimbo dzakasimudzwa nyevero yetsunami, asi nyika inoramba yakatarira seismographs negungwa: kudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru kwe7,6 uye nyevero yetsunami yakaratidza zvakare. Japanese emergency system mhinduro kugonaPanguva imwecheteyo, gakava rinovhurwazve muSpain uye neEurope yese pamusoro pekuti takagadzirira sei kutarisana nezviitiko zvakanyanyisa zvechisikigo mumamiriro ekuwedzera kwengozi.
