Muimbi uye mutambi wemuJamaican Jimmy Cliff ashaya aine makore makumi masere nerimwe ekuberekwa, chokwadi chakatsinhirwa nemukadzi wake, Latifa Chambers, paaccount yemutambi uyu. Mumharidzo yavo, mhuri yakatsanangura kuti kufa kwake kwakaitika mushure pfari inoteverwa nemabayo uye akakumbira kuremekedzwa kwekuvanzika panguva ino.
Inofungidzirwa semumwe wevagadziri vakuru ve reggae yemazuva anoCliff akaunza ruzha rweJamaica kune vateereri pasi rese kweanopfuura makumi matanhatu emakore. Nziyo dzake nebasa remufirimu rakawedzera rudzi rwekupfuura kweCaribbean nekubata kwemunhu. nenziyo dzinopenya uye mazwi ane hana yakasimba yemagariro.
Maitiro uye data yepamutemo
Chirevo kubva kuLatifa Chambers, chakasainwawo nevana vake Lilty naAken, tinotenda vateveri, shamwari, uye vaanoshanda navo nerutsigiro rwavo "mubasa rake rose." Mashoko ake anoratidza pfungwa yenharaunda yairatidza hupenyu hwemuimbi, uyo aive nehukama neveruzhinji nguva dzose uye yakasimba.
Mutungamiriri we JamaikaAndrew Holness akataura nezvaCliff se "hofori yechokwadi yetsika," achisimbisa kuti mimhanzi yake "yakatakura moyo werudzi rwedu kunyika." Izvi zvinoratidzwa paruzhinji zvekusuwa zvinoratidza kukanganisa kwakadzama kwechimiro chake. zvose pachitsuwa uye kune dzimwe nyika.
Mubasa rake rose, muimbi uyu akagamuchira mamwe emukurumbira muindasitiri: maviri Grammy Awards, kupinzwa kwake muRock & Roll Hall of Fame muna 2010, uye ine mukurumbira Order of Merit yeJamaica. Kune musiki akazvarwa James Chambers muSomerton (Saint James), rwendo urwu runoratidza basa rinoshamisa. ine simba sezvayakagara kwenguva refu.
Kubva kuSomerton kuenda kuLondon: makore akasarudzika
Akarerwa mumamiriro ekuzvininipisa, Cliff akatamira kuKingston achiri mudiki aine chinangwa chimwe chete mupfungwa: kuita raramo kuburikidza nemimhanzi. Ikoko, akabata pfungwa yemugadziri Leslie Kong pachitoro chemimhanzi cheBeverley, waakarekodha nziyo dzake dzekutanga uye akawana budiriro yake yekutanga. seHurricane Hattie naMiss Jamaica.
Kubatana kwaKong naChris Blackwell kwakatungamira mukugadzirwa kweIsland Records uye Cliff achienda kuUnited Kingdom pakati pemakumi matanhatu. Muimbi uyu akagara muLondon, kwaakaona rusaruraganda iye pachake asi akabudirirawo: muna 1969 akapinda mumachati eBritish neWonderful World, Beautiful People, sumo yakaunza reggae kuEurope vechidiki. mhiri kweCaribbean diaspora.
Munguva iyoyo, akarekodha nziyo dzine simba dzakanyanya se "Vietnam" (yakarumbidzwa naBob Dylan) uye akadzokorora zvakare repertoires yevamwe vanyori, neyakapembererwa shanduro yeCat Stevens' "Wild World." Rwiyo rwake "Trapped" raizowana hupenyu hwechipiri gare gare muzwi raBruce Springsteen. umboo hwekusiyana-siyana kwekatalogi yayo.
Kupfuura studio, Jimmy Cliff aive tarenda risingazorore muKingston, achikurudzira maartist matsva uye kubatanidza zviitiko zvakasiyana. Muvhu rakaorera iro, akayambuka nzira naBob Marley's Wailers, nguva yekutanga yaitsanangura ramangwana reggae uye yakawedzera kusvika kwayo muEurope. kubva kumakirabhu kusvika kumitambo mikuru.
Cinema, nziyo uye kuwedzera kwepasi rose kwereggae
Kubudirira kwake pasi rose kwakauya muna 1972 neThe Harder They Come (yakaburitswa muSpain saCaiga quien caiga), kwaakaita nyeredzi munyaya yemuimbi aiedza kuigadzira muKingston. Firimu iri rakava rechitendero chekare, uye rwiyo rwayo, rune Rwizi rwaMazhinji Kuyambuka, Unogona Kuiwana Kana Uchinyatsoda, uye rwiyo rwemusoro, Yakashanda senge reggae pamusika wepasi rose.
Mumakumi emakore akatevera, Cliff akachinjanisa budiriro yake nekubatana kwepamusoro-soro. Akaimba neRolling Stones paDirty Work, akashanda naKool & the Gang, Sting, naWyclef Jean, uye muna 2012 akaburitsa Rebirth naTim Armstrong (Rancid), dambarefu rakamuhwina Grammy yeBest Reggae Album. Kuzivikanwa uku kwakauya pamwe chete nekusawirirana kwehunyanzvi. chokwadi kune musimboti weiyo genre.
Rondedzero yake yeNdinogona Kuona Zviripachena Iyezvino yeruzha rwefirimu ra1993 Cool Runnings yakamutsiridza kuvepo kwake paredhiyo nemachati, ukuwo Reggae Night yakadzosa muimbi wacho kumusoro kwemachati muEurope kuma1980s. kuratidza kukwezva kwayo kune veruzhinji.
Muviri wake webasa waipfuura mafaro chete: Nziyo dzaCliff dzaitaura nezvekusaruramisira munzanga, tariro, chiremera, uye kusimba. Iko kusanganiswa kwe rhythm, meseji, uye charisma zvakamuisa pachinzvimbo chakasiyana. pakati pechiratidzo chakakurumbira uye referensi yetsika.
Footprint muSpain uye muEurope
Europe yaive nharaunda yakakosha yebasa rake kubva makumi matanhatu zvichienda mberi, neUnited Kingdom sesuwo rake. MuSpain, kutamba kwake kwepamoyo kwakasiya nguva zhinji dzisingakanganwiki: makonzati makuru muVitoria (La Blanca, 2006) uye Amorebieta (2008), kuonekwa paMusic Legends series paBBK Hall muna 2012, uye kuvhurwa kwake kweSan Sebastián Jazz Festival muna 2015 nerecital paZurriola beach. kuwedzera kune zviitiko muCatalonia senge Cruïlla.
Mhedzisiro yaro yakanzwikawo pachiitiko chenzvimbo: zvizvarwa zvakati wandei zvevatambi veSpain nevaimbi vakaunzwa kune reggae kuburikidza nemarekodhi ayo uye ruzha rweThe Harder They Come, bhiriji retsika rakabatanidza hukama neruzhinji rweEurope. kubva kunzvimbo duku kusvika kumitambo mikuru.
Iwo maungira enziyo dzake paredhiyo yeBritish nemachati, pamwe nekugara achigara achishanya mukondinendi yose, zvakabatsira kugadzirisa reggae muzvirongwa izvo kusvika panguva iyoyo zvaisada kugamuchira ruzha rweJamaica. Mukuita uku, Cliff aive munhu akakosha. kuita kuti rudzi rwacho rwukurumbire pasina kudzikisira kuzivikanwa kwarwo.
Kutenda, kushingaira, uye danho rekupedzisira
Mukati memakore makumi manomwe, muimbi akatanga kuda zvemweya izvo zvakaita kuti afambe nemuAfrica uye atendeukire kuIslam. Akapindawo muzvirongwa zvezvematongerwo enyika uye zvemagariro zvakaita sechirongwa cheSun City chekurwisa rusaruraganda, ukuwo rwiyo rwake rwekuti "Trapped" rwakanga rwuri musimboti wemitambo yaSpringsteen. yakakwidziridzwa kuita rwiyo rwekupikisa.
Muzana ramakore rechi21, Cliff akachengeta kurudziro yake: Kuzvarwa patsva kwakamuunzira vateereri vatsva, uye kugadzirwa kwake kwakaenderera mberi nebasa re studio uye kushanya kwenyika. Zita rake rakave rakabatana zvachose nenhoroondo ye reggae uye mimhanzi yakakurumbira. semumwe wevamiriri vetsika dzeJamaica.
Kufa kwaJimmy Cliff kunoratidza kupera kwebasa remuimbi, uyo akagadzirira vamwe nzira uye akatora reggae kumatanho asingafungidzirwe. Nhaka yake inoramba iripo: nziyo dzakayambuka miganhu, firimu rakashandura mararamiro emhando, uye simba rinoramba richiita muEurope neSpain nhasi. uko rhythm yeCaribbean inosanganiswa nendangariro dzakaungana.
