Nyanzvi yemhuka yeBritain Jane Goodall akafa pazera remakore 91 kubva kune zvikonzero zvepanyama ari muCalifornia, sechikamu cherwendo rwekudzidzisa muUnited States; sangano rake rakasimbisa nhau mukutaura uye rakamusimbisa mupiro wakasimba kune sainzi nekuchengetedza.
Basa rake rakashandura nzira yatinonzwisisa nayo maape makuru uye hukama hwedu nezvisikwa; vatungamiri nemasangano pasi rose vakakoshesa nhaka iyo zvakasanganiswa kuomarara kwesainzi uye kuzvipira kwezvakatipoteredza kweanopfuura makumi matanhatu emakore.
Trajectory uye zvakawanikwa muGombe
Goodall akasvika mune zvino yava Tanzania muna 1960, ane makore 26 uye asina kudzidziswa kwakarongeka mune biology; Maonero matsva aya akamubvumira kuti abvunze dzidziso nekucherechedza nemoyo murefu hupenyu hwemazuva ese hwechimpanzi muGombe, uko. akaputsa chiumbwa chacho nokuziva munhu mumwe nomumwe nezita pachinzvimbo chenhamba.
Ikoko ndiko kwaakaratidza kuti machimpanzi haangoshandisi maturusi chete, asiwo anoagadzira, sepaanogadzirira tsvimbo kubata majuru; kuwanikwa uku kwakamanikidza vesaenzi kuti vafunge zvakare zvatiri kureva ne "chombo" uye "munhu", shanduko iyo yakamaka pamberi uye shure mune primatology.
Zvinyorwa zvake zvemumunda zvakanyora maitiro akaoma emagariro evanhu, kutsungirira zvisungo zvemhuri, kuratidzwa kwerudo, uye zvikamu zvehasha; akawanawo izvozvo Idzo omnivores uye dzinovhima, kuwedzera panorama yeecology yayo netsika.
Pakati pevanhu vaGombe vainyanya kuzivikanwa ndiDavid Greybeard, uyo ane chivimbo naye Goodall akakwanisa kutaura nenharaunda; basa rake, rakaparadzirwa pasi rose, yakaunza hupenyu hwemaprimates pedyo neruzhinji y zvakabatsira kuchengetedza nzvimbo yavo yekugara.
Mufananidzo wakakurumbira nevechidiki Flint waifananidzira hukama hunoremekedza pakati pemarudzi; kuna Goodall, chiitiko chacho chakamutsa bhiriji pakati pevanhu nedzimwe mhuka dzose, pfungwa iyo Zvakafamba nebasa rake rose resainzi uye rinodzidzisa.
Kubva musainzi kusvika kune muratidziri wepasi rose
Pakati pe-1980s, mushure memakumi emakore ekutsvakurudza, Goodall akashandura simba rake pakuchengetedza sezvaakaona kuparara kwezvakatipoteredza; meseji yake, yaigaro pragmatic, yaisimbisa izvozvo Pasina pekugara hakuna ramangwana rezvimpanzi kana kune avo vanogovera nharaunda yayo.
Muna 1977 akatanga Jane Goodall Institute kuti atsigire tsvakurudzo muGombe uye kukurudzira zvirongwa zvekusimudzira nekuchengetedza muAfrica nekumwe; nekufamba kwemakore, sangano rakavaka a international network yenharaunda nesainzi zvirongwa.
Kubva 1991, akakurudzira Roots & Shoots, chirongwa chekudzidzisa chinosanganisira vechidiki muzviito zvemunharaunda kune zvakatipoteredza, mhuka, uye vanhu; uzivi hwake hwakakurudzira vanhu kubva pakunetseka kuenda kune chimwe chinhu, vachigutsikana izvozvo maitiro ese ane basa.
Achizivikanwa seUN Messenger of Peace (2002) uye Dame weBritish Empire (2003), akagamuchira mibairo yakawanda uye madhigirii ekuremekedzwa; muna 2025, United States yakamupa iyo Presidential Medal of Freedom, mubairo uyo Akasimbisa simba rake remapuraneti.
Kusvikira akura airamba achimhanya-mhanya kufamba, misangano nehurukuro; nekasahwira kake kechidiki Mr. H sechiratidzo chekusimba, akakurudzira zvibvumirano nenharaunda, zviremera uye zvikoro kuti zvibvumirane. kuchengetedza masango, kudzorera ivhu uye kuderedza kutyisidzira sekuvhima zvisiri pamutemo.
Hudiki, dzidzo uye nzira yekuAfrica
Akazvarwa muLondon muna 1934, kuda kwake kuziva mhuka kwakazviratidza kubva paudiki kwazvo, aine nhoroondo dzakadai semasikati iwayo muimba yehuku achiedza kunzwisisa kuti dzaikandira sei mazai; maverengero akadai saTarzan kana Chiremba Dolittle akatungamira chiroto icho akapedzisira anongedzera kuAfrica pamhene.
Pasina zvekushandisa kuyunivhesiti, akashanda semunyori kusvika 1957 paakaenda kuKenya. Ikoko akasangana nenyanzvi yetsika nemagariro evanhu Louis Leakey, uyo aivimba netarenda rake kuti aone uye akamutungamirira kunodzidzira mhuka dzemhuka muGombe, nemvumo yekuti. Akada kuti amai vake vamuperekedze pakutanga.
Gare gare, pasinei nokuti akanga asina dhigirii, akapedza PhD kuCambridge nerutsigiro rwaLeakey; akatarisana nekupokana kwedzidzo nekuda kwemaitiro ake etsitsi, asi data rake rekuchenjera uye kugona kutsanangura hunhu hwemunhu vakagadzirisa nhaurirano.
Pamunhu pachake, akaroora mugadziri wemafirimu emusango Hugo van Lawick, waakaita naye mwanakomana "Grub," uye gare gare Derek Bryceson; hupenyu hwake hwakabatanidza mhuri, tsvagiridzo, uye a basa risinganeti rekuparadzira munhau, mabhuku uye zvinyorwa.
Akabudisa mabhuku anopfuura makumi matatu, anosanganisira Reason for Hope, pamwe chete nemabasa evana; inzwi rake rakanzwika mumaforamu esayenzi uye ezvakatipoteredza, tichirangarira izvozvo Tariro inovakwa nezviito zvakasimba uye kudyidzana pakati pezvikamu.
Nhau dzerufu rwake dzinovhara danho rinokosha reprimatology uye zvakatipoteredza, asi pesvedzero yake inoramba iri muzvirongwa zvekuchengetedza, mumakirasi, uye mune avo vanoenderera mberi nebasa rake; Institute yaakavamba, vechidiki veRoots & Shoots, uye nharaunda yesainzi inochengeta fungidziro iyi iri mhenyu. inotikoka kuti tifunge patsva nzvimbo yedu muchisikirwo.
