Buddhism (ine vateveri vanopfuura mamirioni mazana mashanu) iri kuramba iripo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, irikuzivikanwa zvirinani uye ndizvozvo. huzivi hwake hwehupenyu hunombundirwa nevakawanda senzira yekuwana hupenyu hunogutsa.
Muchinyorwa chese chatichataura nezvacho chii, kuti inotangira sei, dzidziso dzayo huru uye kwainoitwa. Isu tinozotaurawo pamusoro pekuti uzivi uhwu hunopesvedzera sei zvinhu zvatinoita muzuva redu kana kuti mabatiro atingaite mamwe maitiro ahwo muhupenyu hwedu kuzadzisa zvimwe zvakakosha zvehupenyu hwakadzikama uye hune rugare.
Chii chinonzi Buddhism?
ChiBhudha Icho chitendero uye uzivi hwehupenyu hunobva kuIndia.. Icho chitendero chisingatauri pfungwa yekuvapo kwekongiri yechero Mwari, asi yakavakirwa pa dzidziso dzechivanhu dzedharmic maIndia, mukuita kwe tsvaga kujekeswa kwakatsanangurwa naSiddharta Gautama (563-483 BC) uyo anozivikanwa zvakanyanya nezita remadunhurirwa rekuti "Buddha".
Buddha zvinoreva "Iye Akamutswa" uye inouya kuzoreva apo Siddharta akakwanisa kuona zvakakosha muhupenyu, kuwana rugare nerunyararo. Nokuti chinhu chimwe kukwanisa kuona uye chakatosiyana kuteerera zvatinoona uye “kuona” chaizvo. Munhu upi noupi anosvika pakuvhenekerwa kwomudzimu nokudaro ndokuwana kumuka kwakakwana anonzi Buddha.
Mwanakomana vaBuddha vanopfuura mamiriyoni 500 avo vari munyika, kunyanya muEast uye Southeast Asia. Kunzwisisa Buddhism senzira yekuwana kujekeswa, kudarika. Tinofanira kufunga nezveBuddhism sedzidziso yehuzivi kwete chitendero.
Izwi rekuti "nirvana" nderimwe reakakurumbira ane chiBuddha uye rinouya kuzoreva mamiriro erunyararo pamweya nerusununguko. Kusvika nirvana kunoreva kukunda kutambura, kuwana runyararo uye kusunungurwa mukati memunhu. kwete mune exogenous zvinhu.
Buddhism inoratidzei?
Pasina kuziva mwari upi noupi mukuru, Buddhism Anokurudzira kusvika pakuvhenekerwa kwemweya mumunhu, izvo zvinoshandura mukuwana runyararo neuchenjeri husingagumi.
Nzira yekuzadzisa izvo zvinokurudzirwa neuzivi iyi inofanirwa kuitwa neruoko rwemunhu, kuburikidza motokari dzakadai sokufungisisa, uchenjeri uye tsika. Chido, udyire, kutambura kunofanira kuiswa parutivi. Iwe unofanirwa kuve wakaomarara uye wakasarudzika iwe pachako kuti uite izvi.
Maererano nedzidziso yeBuddha, isu tose tine mweya uye mweya yedu iri mukutenderera kwekusingaperi kwekuzvarwa - kufa - kuzvarwa patsva ... kutenderera kunogona kuputswa chete nekuvhenekerwa kwemweya.
ari mitemo yekarma Vanotaura kuti chiito chese chakanaka kana chakanaka chinopa mhedzisiro yakanaka kana yakanaka uye kuti chiito chese chakaipa chinounza mhedzisiro yakaipa. Zviito izvi zvinonzwisiswa sezviya zvinoitwa nemaune.
Mavambo uye shanduko: Hupenyu hwaSiddharta Gautama
Siddharta Gautama akaberekwa muzana remakore rechishanu B.C. C. mukati memhuri inoremekedzwa munyika yekare yeSakia. Nekuda kwekutambudzika kwaakaona kune vanhu vaigara muguta rake. akasarudza kusiya hupenyu hwake hwakanaka, chimiro chavo, ropafadzo dzavo uye kuita kufungisisa uye kuzvinyima kusvikira akwanisa kuwana nzira yaizomutungamirira mukumuka pamweya.
Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, Akatanga kudzidzisa nzanga inokura yevateveri nzira dzaakanga agadzira kuti awane kujekerwa. Chimwe chinhu chinopesana nezvakajairwa mabrahmatic maitiro muIndia.
Sechitendero, Buddhism yaizotanga pakati pe5th ne4th mazana emakore BC. C. Zvisinei, hapana nguva apo kuumbwa kwaBuddha kwakataurwa pano. Vakataura dzidziso dzavo, uzivi hwavo hwoupenyu nezvavanotenda. Pasi peizvi zvose, chiBuddha chakapararira ndokuwana vateveri apo chiHindu chakavarasikirwa.
Muzana remakore XIX ndipo apo huzivi hweBuddha hunosvika kuMadokero uye muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri paizova nevakawanda vaizobatana kuBuddhism.
siddata gautama
Maererano netsika dzechiBuddha, akaberekerwa muLumbini (yanhasi Nepal) uye mushure mokusiya upenyu hwake hwoumbozha akazvitsaurira kupemha, kufungisisa uye kuzvinyima kusvikira awana kuvhenekerwa.
Bhudha, aifamba mubani achidzidzisa varume nevakadzi zvaakanga adzidza uye kuumba nzanga yechitendero chevanhuwo zvavo. Akaratidza nzira iri pakati pekuzvigutsa uye kuzvinyima. Iyo nzira yaisanganisira kudzidziswa kwehunhu, kufungisisa uye kufunga.
Panguva imwecheteyo Buddha akatsoropodza mamwe maitiro ebrahmatic sechibayiro chemhuka.
Mushure mokudzidzisa nzira yake. aizofa muKushinagar, achisvika paranirvana. Kubva ipapo yave ichiremekedzwa nezvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana nenzanga muAsia.
Dzidziso dzake dzakaunganidzwa mumiunganidzwa yakawanda yakadai seSutras (Hurukuro) kana kuti Vinaya (makodhi emamongi). Kwairi kwakawedzerwa nekufamba kwenguva dzidziso dzehupenyu hwaBuddha pachake uye ngano dzakakurumbira dzehupenyu hwake hwekare.
Dzidziso Dzakakosha: Iwo Chokwadi Ina Chakanaka
Nzira yekuwana kujekeswa inoratidzirwa ne zvokwadi ina dzakaisvonaka dzakasimbiswa nechiBuddha uye izvo zvakawanikwa naBuddha:
Chekutanga: Kutambura kuriko uye kunowanikwa pasi rose, upenyu hauna kukwana uye naizvozvo kune zvinhu zvakadai sokutambura.
Chepiri: Mavambo okutambura ari muchishuvo. Kana tichida zvinhu tinonyura muchamupupuri cheshungu nekutambudzika.
Chetatu: Kutambura kunopera kana chikonzero chacho chapera. Apo chido chinopera uye nirvana inogamuchirwa, kutambura kunopera.
Chechina: pane a nhanho sere nzira yekuita kutambura kunyangarika uye kuwana nirvana. Nzira inoumbwa nehuchenjeri, kuisa pfungwa uye maitiro. Matanho masere ndeaya:
- kuona chaiko
- chinangwa chakanaka
- taura zvakarurama
- maitiro akarurama
- kurarama chaiko
- kuedza kwakarurama
- hana yakarurama
- kufungisisa kwakarurama
Buddhism pasi rese: nyika dzine huwandu hukuru hwemaBhudha
Vazhinji vevaBhudha tichiri kuvawana muAsia, kuva vazhinji muBhutan, Myanmar, Cambodia, Japan, Laos, Mongolia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Macau neTibet.
heyi akakosha maBhudha madiki zvakare mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeIndia, Nepal, Russia, South Korea neNorth Korea.
Zvisinei, sechitendero chepamutemo chinowanikwa muBurma, Bhutan, Cambodia, neThailand chete.
Pesvedzero yeBuddhism patsika dzakakurumbira dzekuMadokero
Buddhism zvakanyanya yakasimwa muUnited States uyewo kuEurope uko kune vanenge mamiriyoni maviri yevateveri. Kune vanhu vazhinji vanoziva Buddhism uye vanogadzirisa huzivi hwayo kuhupenyu hwavanorarama uye pakupedzisira vanopedzisira vave chikamu chenharaunda yeBuddhist.
Zvisinei zviripo maitiro anoitwa nevanhu vazhinji akadai seyoga, kufungisisa kana kufunga kunonwa kubva kuhuchenjeri hweBuddha uye kuti vanhu vakawanda vanosarudza kuisa muhupenyu hwavo sechimiro chekuvandudza kwemuviri uye kwepfungwa.