Materesikopu pasi rose ari kunyatsotarisisa 3I/ATLAS, chinhu chechitatu chinopindirana akavimbiswa kuti akanga achishanyira nharaunda yedu. Kupfuura kwayo kuburikidza neSolar System inopa mukana usingawanzo kudzidza a kometi yakaumbwa ichitenderedza imwe nyeredzi, ine hwindo rinonyanya kukosha rekutarisa mumavhiki anouya.
Mushanyi uyu akaridza mabhero esainzi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati: chimiro cheatypical chinodzorwa necarbon dioxide, zviratidzo zvebasa kure kure kubva kuZuva, uye zvisingawanzo fotometric uye polarimetric maitiro. Zvose izvi zvinoita kuti ive yekutanga-chidzidzo chekuongorora, pasina kurasikirwa nechido chekuchenjerera pakududzira zvisizvo.
Mushanyi ari pakati penyeredzi ane Martian rendezvous
Yakaonekwa muna Chikunguru 1 neiyo ATLAS network, 3I/ATLAS inofamba ichipfuura retrograde hyperbolic orbit ichisimbisa mavambo ayo kunze kweSolar System. Musi wa3 Gumiguru, ichapfuura makiromita makumi maviri nepfumbamwe kubva kuMars, geometry iyo NASA inoda kutora mukana neiyo orbiter's HiRISE kamera. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter kuyedza kutora ruzivo rwe coma uye, kana isu tine rombo rakanaka, nzvimbo yemukati mechinhu.
Iyo trajectory inorevawo kuti, padhuze neperihelion, iyo comet ichavanzwa kuseri kweZuva kubva pakuona kwePasi, kuomesera kuona kubva kuNyika. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kuyambuka kweMartian kunovhura hwindo rakasiyana rekuburitsa data-resolution data inobatsira kutsanangura chitarisiko chayo uye chiitiko mumhepo yezuva.
Zvatinoziva pamusoro pekuumbwa kwayo nebasa
Seti yakarongeka yemaobservatories -JWST, SPHEREx, TESS uye Hubble- yanga ichidhirowa kemikari uye ine simba mufananidzo weiyo comet. Dhata kubva kuna James Webb inoratidza kabhoni dhaibhorosi kune mvura chiyero cheanenge 8 kusvika 1 mucoma, imwe ye zvakakosha zvakayerwa pacometChiyero ichi chinoratidza kuti 3I/ATLAS inogona kunge yakaumbwa padyo ne CO2 ice line yeimba yayo system kana kuti yakasangana nemwaranzi nhoroondo yakasiyana.
SPHEREx yakaona yakakura CO2-rich coma pamwe nemvura, uku TESS yakapa mifananidzo yekudzoreredza yakatorwa pamberi pechiziviso chepamutemo chinoratidza. chiitiko chinenge 6 zvikamu zvenyeredzi kubva kuZuva, mhiri kwekutenderera kweJupiter. Uku "kumuka" kuri kure kunoenderana nechando chinodzika nyore, senge CO2 pachayo, uye ine kukurumidza kumberi inofungidzirwa kutenderera 221.000 km/h sezvainoswedera kuZuva.
Core size uye kushanduka kwemuswe wayo
Mukufambirana, Hubble akayera a radius yepakati padyo nemakiromita 2,8, ine mwero wekometi, yakakomberedzwa nehamvuropu inopararira. Painofamba ichienda mukati meSolar System, mifananidzo kubva kuGemini South telescope kuChile inoratidza coma yakakura uye muswe unowedzera kududzirwa, zvichisimbisa izvozvo. basa rayo riri kuwedzera zvichienzaniswa nepfuti yapfuura.
Iyo ichangoburwa yakadzika, yakawanda-mavara sequence neGMOS chiridzwa chinoratidza muswe unoenda mudenga uye hombe. kugadzirwa kweguruva uye gasi. Mushure me perihelion, kana mamiriro achibvumidza, 3I / ATLAS ichaonekwa zvakare kubva kupasi redu uye a kuswedera kuPasi kwemakiromita anenge mamiriyoni 269 muna Zvita, pasina njodzi.
Zviratidzo muchiedza chayo: iyo isina kujairika polarization
Ongororo ichangoburwa yakayera a kunyanya yakadzika negative polarization mu 3I / ATLAS, ine yakaderera flip angle zvichienzaniswa neinozivikanwa macomets muSolar System, uye muna 2I/Borisov. Iyi mhinduro yechiedza chakapararira inonongedza kune yakasarudzika zvimiro zveguruva — saizi, chimiro, kana maumbirwo — uye inoratidza kuti tiri kubata nehuwandu hwezvinhu izvo zvisina kunyatso kutorwa samples.
Tsananguro ine musoro inoramba iri yakasikwa, kunyangwe vamwe vaongorori, vakaita saAvi Loeb, vanotikoka kuti tirambe tiine pfungwa dzakavhurika maererano nemaitiro atypical uye vakurudzira. zvikero kuti zviongorore kukanganisa yevashanyi ava. Chero zvazvingava, kuwana mifananidzo neHiRISE uye itsva spectra ichave yakakosha kuti uone saizi inoshanda yeiyo nucleus uye kuibatanidza kune optical properties detected.
Hwindo pakuumbwa kwemamwe masisitimu
3I/ATLAS ndiyo chete wechitatu interstellar mushanyi yakacherechedzwa, mushure me1I/'Oumuamua na2I/Borisov. Imwe neimwe yakaratidza hunhu hwayo, uye mune iyi kesi, kuwanda kwe CO2 uye nekuita kwayo kure kunogona kuve ruzivo nezve. yakaumbwa sei uye kupiMuenzaniso wakazvimiririra unotoratidza kuti zvinogona kuva mukuru kudarika Zuva, iyo, kana yakasimbiswa, yaizoita kuti kuumbwa kwayo kuve nguva capsule ye primordial chemistry.
Mushandirapamwe uyu ndewepasi rose: Hubble neJWST inopa sarudzo uye chitarisiko, SPHEREx inoratidza aizi nemagasi, TESS inovakazve nguva yazvino yapfuura, uye Gemini South inotevera morphological shanduko. Zvizhinji zvezvigumisiro izvi zvinoparadzirwa mune preprints uye ichave pasi pekuongororwa kwevezera; zvikamu zvinotevera-kuyambuka Martian, perihelion musi wa29 Gumiguru, uye kucherechedzwa kunotevera-zvinofanira kupa mufananidzo wakajeka wemutumwa uyu kubva kune imwe nyeredzi.
Iine hurongwa hwakasimba uye musanganiswa weyakanaka geometry uye yekutarisa matambudziko, Mavhiki anotevera achava akakosha kuti unzwisise kuti sei 3I/ATLAS ichizvibata nenzira yainoita: kubva kumakemikari ayo anotongwa neCO2 kusvika kune siginecha yayo yakasiyana yepolarmetric, kusanganisira kukura kwekoma uye muswe. Kana zvese zvikafamba sekuronga kwatakaita, mushanyi uyu anogona kutibatsira kunyatso enzanisa maitirwo atinoita zvinhu kubva kune mamwe masisitimu neicho kubva kumba kwedu.
