Ndisati ndakuudza chaizvo nezve 0 giravhiti panyika, zvinokosha kuti tipe muchidimbu kuti zvose zvakaitika sei. Apuro ndiro rakaita kuti Isaac Newton azive kuti kumhanya kwemuviri uchirova pasi uye kutamba kwakatsetseka kwenyeredzi dziri muchadenga zvakabatana nesimba rimwechete. Kana uchida kupinda zvakadzama, unogona kubvunza kukosha kwesimba regiravhiti.
Mupfungwa iyi, mitumbi yese yedenga yakatorwa moyo zvisingaite uye, kunyangwe ichiita sekutanga kwerinovhero rerudo, giravhiti ndiyo mukombe munhoroondo yechadenga, mutongi wemhepo dzayo dzese, kunyangwe ichiratidzwa se a force brittle (chingofunga nezve affinity simba re Nyika nehukuru hunotyisa hwainahwo) Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pesimba regiravhiti, unogona kushanya.
Saizvozvovo, kuti vaenderere mberi negiravhiti O panyika, mumwe musayendisiti, Sir Isaac, ndiye akatanga kutsanangura dzidziso yakafumura nenzira yakapfava nzira yemitumbi mu zvose: miviri miviri inonyengerwa zvakaenzana nechibereko chevazhinji vavo uye nenzira inopesana uye nenzira imwechete yakaenzana neskweya yerwendo pakati pavo. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvekuti dzidziso iyi inobatana sei kune mamwe matumbi ekudenga, tinokurudzira kuverenga nezvazvo kusimba kwesimba remapuraneti.
Nekudaro, pane minuscule misiyano pakati peiyo yematanda neiyo yeEcuador, simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi isimba risingabviri kutiza. Hakuna chinhu chinonzi zero gravity, kunyangwe mudenga. Chii chinoitika kune vazivi vemuchadenga muzviteshi zvemuchadenga, vakapakwa mazana emamita kure (iyo International Space Station iri 400 km kumusoro), ndeyekuti ivo vari mukudonha kwemahara.
“Zvipenyu zviviri zviri kurova muchikamu chimwe chete chesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi. Nekudaro, hapana musiyano musimba pakati pavo, "anotsanangura kudaro Fernando Pina, nyanzvi yemasvomhu pakambani yekuSpain yeDeimos Space. Hazvina mhosva kuti tinoedza zvakadini, mukati memhepo hazvibviri kuti tichakwanisa kudzivisa kuroyiwa neNyika. Pane nzira mbiri chete idzo mamiriro egiravhiti ari kubviswa anogona kutevedzerwa; kuburikidza nekudonha kubva pashongwe dzakamira, izvo ratidziro yekureruka iri masekonzi mashoma kana ne ndege dzekufungidzira.
Nguva yakawedzera pakuedza kuratidza 0 giravhiti panyika
Ndege inosimuka ichibhururuka nemhepo inosvika 47 degrees. Sezvo ichikwira kusvika paurefu pakati pe4.000 ne8.000 metres, mukati mendege kuwanda kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, rinofadzwa nekukwezvwa kwepasi uye neinertia, rinopikisa. Inertia, yakafumurwa yega, ndicho chiitiko chinoita kuti tinamate pachigaro chemotokari kana ichinamatira kune acceleration. Inogadzirwa nekuwedzera nguva dzose kwekukurumidza, kumanikidza ndege kutanga uye kukwira kure nePasi. Kana iwe usingamhanyire pamusoro peG-simba kana kukurumidza kwakasimba kwechipenyu, iyo munyaya yepasi 9,81 m / s2, haugoni kukwira.
Kana hupamhi hwepamusoro hwawanikwa, injini dzendege dzinenge dzamira zvachose (iyo shoma inosara kuti ikunde kusimba kwemhepo mukuderera), nenzira iyi ndege ichashanda sepokugara mukati, yakatarisana nekusimba kwayo kune mhepo. Panguva ino, anotanga kudzika, uye nguva dzose nenzira yakaongororwa, sezvo mutyairi atozvipa pachake kuti atungamirire mhino kumucheto (chiito chinoramba chiripo kwemasekonzi makumi maviri), nekuda kwekuti simba rinokwezva re pasi haritizi kamwe kamwe, kureruka kunokonzerwa.
Zvose zviri zviviri ndege nemhepo yaro yemukati zvinozununguka nekudonha panguva imwe chete, zvichitambura simba rekukwezva zvakaenzana, asi pakati peimwe neimwe simba rakadaro. microscope kuti simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinonyangarika rinenge chose. Zvinoita sekunge mutumbi uri mukati mekuperekedza wakapunzikira muchinhu chisina chinhu, nekuti mukati meiyo nhanho simba rekubatana rendege yakawanda zvishoma nezvishoma.
Munguva idzo nguva dzekudonha kwemahara, dzinenge makumi maviri nguva yega yega mukushandira chero waunobhururuka naye, unoona microgravity kana kupotsa kubviswa kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi. Ndege yakashatiswa nemhepo inosvika madhigirii makumi maviri (haidonhe nemhino yakatarisa pasi), inobatidza injini dzayo nhatu zvakare panguva ino kutenderera kukwira kumawere uye kusadonha, hongu. Kukwidziridzwa kweKorea kana kudzikiswa kunotevedzera mamiriro akafanana, kuwana maminetsi akati wandei ekureruka panguva yendege.
Munguva yekudzika yakaongororwa, simba reinjini rinogona kuderedzwa, kureva kuti, ndege inogona kudzikamiswa kuitira kuti kuomerwa kunenge kusiri pedyo ne zero, asi pedyo nehukuru hweMwedzi (1/6 yesimba rinokwevera pasi) kana Mars (1/3 yesimba rinokwevera pasi). nyika). Kuti unzwisise zviri nani mafambiro emuchadenga, ona mafambiro emuchadenga.
Earth gravity mepu
Mune imwe pfungwa, imwe nzira yekubatanidza giravhiti 0 pasi pano ndeyekushandisa mepu yaro, ndiko kuti, kukurumidza kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi kunosiyana kudiki papasi. Iyo ellipsoidal inomiririra ye pasi uye kupesana yehuremu mundege yayo inokonzera kutenderera kuri pakati pe9,78 m/s2 paequator uye 9,83 m/s2 pamatanda. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama, unogona kushanyira.
Aya anowanikwa padyo nenzvimbo yemapuraneti. Panguva imwecheteyo, cheni dzisina kuenzana hadzina huremu hwakafanana panzvimbo dzadzo dzepamusoro sepanzvimbo dzadzo dzakaderera, uye makungwa haana kufanana kwakafanana. Iye mepu yesimba rinokwevera pasi, iyo ichangobva kuratidzwa muNorway, yakatsvakwa uchishandisa data kubva kuEuropean nyeredzi Goce. Zvakare, kuona kuti simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinokanganisa sei hunhu hwemapuraneti hunogona kunakidza, saka inzwa wakasununguka kuzviongorora.
Kuchinja uku kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi kunogona kubatsira kuona gomo richiyerera pasi pemakomo anoputika, kutanga hurongwa hwehurefu hwecheni dzinokosha dzepasi rose, dzinogona kufumura kuti mazaya echando anorasikirwa zvakadini, kana kutanga maitiro emakungwa pasina masaisai, mhepo, uye marudzi ese echando. mafungu. Yakaiswa pane ese ari maviri data, chiyero chezvimwe zviremera chinogona kukosheswa.
Unogona kuwana "0 gravity" Panyika?
Kuuya kuda kusvika kumagumo echinyorwa chino isu taisa mubvunzo mukuru mukufamba: Tinogona kuwana iyo 0 giravhiti panyika? Zvakanaka, muchiitiko ichi, ndingati, maererano neuchapupu hwakapiwa nenyanzvi panyaya iyi, kuti huremu, simba iro nyika inokweva motokari yemuchadenga, inoenzana zvakaenzana neskweya yenzira uye, nokudaro, inoderedza nekukurumidza. kana mudziyo uchibva pairi.
Kureva kuti, nekupeta kaviri nzira inoenda pakati payo, hukama hwacho hwakaderera zvakapetwa kana (22 times); nekuipeta katatu, fananidzo idiki ka9 (32 times), pakati pevamwe. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi chikonzero nei vafambisi venzvimbo uye zvinhu zvacho zviri muchimiro chekureruka. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve yekutanga manned spaceflight, shanya yekutanga yakaitwa nemuchadenga.
Vazivi vemuchadenga vanonzwa mhedzisiro yekureruka nekuti vari mukudonha kwakasununguka kwakadzikama pedyo nepasi, vakakandwa muchadenga neazvino uye nekumhanya kwakaiswa kuti varambe vari muchadenga. orbit. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani giravhiti munzvimbo, iwe unogona zvakare kuverenga nezvazvo artificial satellites.
Iwe unopa iyo sisitimu kukurumidza kukurumidza uye nzvimbo dzevafambisi dzichapararira mudenga, mapfumo ane simba shoma uye anozopedzisira awira pasi. pasi. Zvimwe chetezvo zvinoitika kumutakuri werifiti kana tambo yaizodambuka uye kana kamuri racho risina kubata mhepo kana kuti lenzi, ratidziro yokureruka yaizonzwika. Saka hapana chimwe chekutaura nezve zero gravity paPasi, zvinonakidza handizvo?
